CDIS 3233 - Intro to Clinical Practice PDF

CDIS 3233 - Intro to Clinical Practice Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eqpz36 1. Scope of Practice of an Audiologist: Can treat hearing disorders; CANNOT diagnose speech and language disorders. 2. Who can complete assessments?: Audiologists and SLPS; assistants can as- sist with this, bu...

CDIS 3233 - Intro to Clinical Practice Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eqpz36 1. Scope of Practice of an Audiologist: Can treat hearing disorders; CANNOT diagnose speech and language disorders. 2. Who can complete assessments?: Audiologists and SLPS; assistants can as- sist with this, but cannot perform on their own. 3. Scope of Practice of an SLP: Can treat speech, language, and literacy disorders; CANNOT diagnose hearing loss. 4. Who can write treatment plans?: Audiologists and SLPs; assistants have to follow the treatment plan of the supervisor. 5. SOAP: Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan 6. What is a SOAP Note?: Used to document client progress/information for each therapy session, important for audits and insurance. 7. CCC: Certificate of Clinical Competence 8. Licensing requirements of an SLP: Requires a master's, completion of super- vised clinical hours, passing the PRAXIS Exam, having your CCC (CCC-SLP) 9. Licensing requirements of an Audiologist: Requires a clinical doctorate (CCC-A) 10. What is ASHA?: American Speech and Hearing Associate; licensing organiza- tion, offers, resources, petitioning, lobbying. 11. How many observation hours must you complete prior to initiating direct contact time?: SLP - 400 hours (25 clinical observations, 375 direct/client contact). Audiologist - 1,820 hours. 12. Personal Ethics: Formed from upbringing, acculturation, life experiences, per- sonal choices, and education; differ from person to person, and not everyone with similar ethics tenets applies them in the same way. 13. Professional Ethics: Establish right and wrong actions in serving clients in the workplace; publicly state the common core values and collective obligation shared by people in a particular discipline; provides a common set of core values when confronted with ethical dilemmas in the workplace. 14. How are SLPs most often paid?: By billable unit - Therapy Unit = 15 minutes - Evaluation Unit = 30 minutes 15. What organization provides the Code of Ethics for SLPs?: ASHA Board of Ethics 16. What organization provides the Code of Ethics for Audiologist?: AAA (American Academy of Audiology) Ethical Practice Board 17. Why should SLPs know how to read and interpret audiograms?: Speech Pathologists need to know how to perform through hearing screenings and interpret audiometric data to help patients with hearing impairments. 1/6  CDIS 3233 - Intro to Clinical Practice Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eqpz36 18. What is the auditory skills hierarchy?: Detection: is sound present or not? Discrimination: the ability to tell the difference between sounds Identification: labeling or choosing items Comprehension: responding in a logical response 19. What's listening age?: Length of time someone has had consistent access to sound to all speech frequencies through hearing technology; must be using consistently/all day. Ex: 24-month-old who received hearing aids at 10 months old = listening age of 14 months old 20. What's chronological age?: Age from birth 21. What is Continuing Education?: Required education to be completed after gaining your CCCs; important because the field continues to change, and new methods of treating are introduced - also helpful to learn about a population or disorder you may have not worked with until recently. 22. What is diagnosis?: conclusion of the assessment and evaluation; what is actually going on with the client. 23. What is prognosis?: How you think they are going to do in the amount of time/therapy. 24. What is screening?: Determine if an evaluation is needed or if a referral is needed. - Pass or Fail: can only give us a better understanding; it cannot diagnose or describe the details of a disorder. 25. When is a hearing screening done?: done at birth; all screenings can be done at any time through adulthood. 26. What are formal/standardized tests?: Scores that are based on a normative score and scores that most funding sources are looking for. - normal is any score from 7-13 27. What are informal/criterion-referenced tests?: Checklist of what skills, per- cent of correctness. 28. What is HIPAA?: Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (privacy) 29. What is a conflict of interest?: Occurs when an SLP or Audiologist receives personal or financial gain from clients or manufactures that compromises profes- sional judgement because there are strings and expectation attached. 30. What does a language assessment include?: A starting point: case history, parent interview, test results, observations 31. What does a hearing screening include?: Otoscopy: used to examine struc- tures of the ear. Tympanometry: a test that shows how well your middle ear is wokring. Oto Acoustic Emissions (OAE): find out how well your inner works. 2/6  CDIS 3233 - Intro to Clinical Practice Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eqpz36 32. What are speech samples and why are they useful?: All the sounds a child can produce; can be used for treatment and diagnosis purposes. 33. What is a long-term goal?: Describe what you are doing in therapy (what you are going to work on and why). 34. What is an example of a long-term goal?: Caroline will improve her expressive language to aid in communication. 35. What is a short-term objective?: SMART: specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time specific. 36. What is an example of a short-term objective?: Caroline will correctly produce /s/ in the final position of words with 80% accuracy across three consecutive sessions. 37. What is clinician-directed therapy?: Clinician lead, the client follows/repeats. 38. What is client-directed therapy?: Client leads and makes choices (ex: play) 39. What is an IEP?: Individualized Education Plan 40. What is an IFSP?: Individualized Family Service Plan (0-3). A comprehensive document that is updated periodically by the intervention team and serves as a way to plan intervention and document the progress of both the child and family. 41. What is an FAPE?: Free and Appropriate Education 42. What is a multidisciplinary team?: each team does its own thing; not a whole lot of communication between. 43. What is a interdisciplinary team?: Each team/discipline will complete its own evaluation, then will discuss with others; far more communication. 44. What is an transdisciplinary team?: All teams are communicating all the time and will even work together (ex: PT and SLP will play a game with a kid.) 45. What might an articulation disorder be caused by?: Structural anomalies (cleft palate), motor speech disorders (dysarthria), or sensor issues (hearing loss). 46. What is intelligibility?: Subjective determination of how intelligible the child's speech is to the listener. 47. What is stimulability?: The degree to which the child is able to imitate error speech sounds in different contexts and with different models/levels of cueing. 48. An inventory of speech sounds should include?: Phonemes produced, dif- ferent sound combinations, syllable shapes produced, sounds articulated in different word positions, speech sound errors, phonological process, speech sample 49. How might transcription be different for a speech sample than a language sample?: The speech sample must be recorded in IPA, whereas the language sample is recored in orthography because we look at the language content, use, and form, not so much the production of correct speech sounds. 50. What are articulation treatment techniques?: Target selections, stimulus words selections, treatment techniques, feedback phrases. 3/6  CDIS 3233 - Intro to Clinical Practice Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eqpz36 Exs: use a mirror, gestures, amplification, tactile feedback, metaphors ("we are going to use our snake sound for /s/") 51. What are articulation treatment approaches?: Van Riper (Traditional) Ap- proach, Paired-Stimuli Approach, Multiple Phoneme Approach, Core Vocabulary Approach, Non-Speech Oral-Motor Therapy 52. Van Riper (Traditional) Approach: Focuses on the correction of individual phonemes. Start with ear training (discrimination), isolation, syllables/words/conver- sation. 53. Paired-Stimuli Approach: Operant conditioning; using a keyword. 54. Multiple Phoneme Approach: Target all troubled sounds at the same time; start at the word level initially. 55. Core Vocabulary Approach: Focus on whole-word production (memorize) 56. Non-Speech Oral-Motor Therapy: Used prior to teaching speech sounds. 57. What are SMART Goals?: Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, timely 58. What is an articulation disorder?: Speech sound errors. 59. What is a phonological disorder?: Difficulties with the language rules that underlie speech. 60. What are syllable structure patterns?: Weak syllable deletions, final conso- nant deletion, initial consonant deletion, reduplication, consonant cluster reduc- tion/deletion, epenthesis. 61. What are assimilation simplification patterns?: Labial, alveolar, velar, nasal assimilation, prevocalic voicing and postvocalic devoicing. 62. What are the components of phonological processing?: Phonological awareness, working memory, and retrieval 63. What are phonological treatment approaches?: Maximal oppositions, multi- ple oppositions, cycles approach, metaphon therapy. 64. What is a maximal oppositions treatment approach?: Uses a pair of words to contrast (ex: "meat" and "seat", /s/ would be the target phoneme). 65. What is a multiple oppositions treatment approach?: Several speech sounds are targeted during the same session. 66. What is a cycles approach treatment approach?: The idea of training in patterns. 67. What is a metaphon therapy treatment approach?: Help to acquire the rules of the phonological system. 68. What is developmental age?: the age they are functioning at on a social, physical, intellectual, cultural, and emotional level; treatment should be based on developmental age. It's measured based on a child's development. 69. Recommendations for caregiver coaching.: Creating a positive environment, recognizing that each family has specific and individual needs, ensuring that care- 4/6  CDIS 3233 - Intro to Clinical Practice Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eqpz36 givers have a feeling potential for positive change/success, developing active listen- ing skills, educating families on all potential communication and intervention options, providing caregivers with peer support, ensuring caregivers play active roles in the POC, focusing on outcomes and progress. 70. Why might EI (early intervention) for language skills look different than other ages for language treatment?: It might look different than other ages for language treatment because a child's developmental needs are best addressed when they are identified early, and services can begin. - 0-3 years - Family involvement is key, activities need to be both developmentally appropriate and motivating, play skills are usually targeted, the child may not have a large vocabulary. 71. What are the modes of language?: Reading, writing (expressive), gesturing, listening, and speaking. 72. What are the types of AAC?: - No-Tech: involves nothing external to the individual (ALS) - Low-Tech: involves external support, but no batteries (printed photos, paper/pen) - Mid-Tech: involves batteries, but no computer component (talking photo album) --> elderly people may use to share about grandkids, family, etc. - High-Tech: involves a computer component (iPad type devices) --> may be needed if individual does not have access/ability to use hands. 73. Who might need AAC?: Any individual with speech that is limited or with speech that has limited functionality (e.g., is not intelligible to some communication partners, not present all the time). 74. What skills are needed to be able to use AAC?: - Linguistic Competence: knowledge and skills related to the language code/features of AAC. - Social Competence: knowledge and skills related to the use of language/AAC for interaction (pragmatics) - Operational Competence: knowledge and skills related to accessing and operating an AAC device. - Strategic Competence: knowledge and skills related to maximizing communicative success despite the limitations of AAC. 75. What treatment ideas were discussed in class for using AAC in therapy?- : Modeling, individualized content, teaching communication partners. 76. What strategies might be used in training communication partners of individuals who use AAC?: Including them in therapy sessions. 77. What is PBS?: Positive Behavioral Support; seeks to discover the underlying cause of challenging behaviors rather than resorting to aversive punishments, used in ABA 5/6  CDIS 3233 - Intro to Clinical Practice Study online at https://quizlet.com/_eqpz36 78. What is ABA?: Applied Behavioral Analysis: a scientific approach to improving and changing human behaviors to bring them into closer accord with socially acceptable norms. 79. What is Antecedent?: Something in the environment that causes a behavior to happen or not to happen. 80. What is a behavior?: A response to the environment. 81. What is a consequence?: A reaction to the behavior that increases or decreas- es the probability of the behavior occurring again. 82. What techniques were discussed for teaching new behaviors?: Task analy- sis, chaining, prompting, and shaping. 83. What is task analysis?: breaking down a task and teaching individual parts. 84. What is chaining?: teaching each individual step of a task then sequencing the steps together (forward and backward). 85. What is prompting?: helpful cues that help with task initiation. 86. What is shaping?: different levels of reinforcement. 87. Why are senses important in behavior management?: It is not uncommon for children to exhibit challenging behavior to seek sensory stimulation or to avoid sensory input. 88. What is hypersensitive?: Over-responsive to sensory information. 89. What is hyposensitive?: Under-responsive to sensory information. 90. What recommendations were provided for how to respond to challenging behaviors?: Positive and negative reinforcement, and extinction 91. What is positive reinforcement?: something positive is given to increase the frequency of a behavior. 92. What is negative reinforcement?: removing something negative to increase the frequency of a behavior. 93. What is extinction?: the loss of attention to behavior. 94. What is early intervention (EI)?: The provision of therapeutic services and support to infants, toddlers, and their families. 95. Caregiver Coaching: Includes counseling and guiding families during the as- sessment and intervention process. 96. Plan of Care (POC) Documents: are to reflect a baseline of the child's devel- opmental age and goals to help bridge the gap between the child's developmental age and chronological age. Documents typically consist of long-term goals and short-term objectives.x 97. Long-Term Goals: are broad goals that aim to change a facet of communication with a pre-determined allotment of time. 98. Short-Term Objectives: are the specific steps by which the interventionist plans to achieve the long-term goals. 6/6