Socialization, Race, Ethnicity & Age Introduction PDF

SOCIALIZATI ON , RACE. ETHNICITY AND AGE Socialization Theprocess by which individuals are taught how to become capable members of a group or society Life-long process beginning in infancy Howwe learn societal norms and expectations and accept beliefs and values Early socializat...

SOCIALIZATI ON , RACE. ETHNICITY AND AGE Socialization Theprocess by which individuals are taught how to become capable members of a group or society Life-long process beginning in infancy Howwe learn societal norms and expectations and accept beliefs and values Early socialization is most critical (Genie) This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC. CC BY-NC-ND.  Theories of Socialization John Locke Tabularasa, or clean slate that people write on to develop our sense of self Individual's distinct identity developed through social interaction Social interaction is way more important that biology This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND. The Nature vs Nurture Controversy This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY. Are we born the way we are, or do we become ourselves through interactions? (Behaviorist school of psychology Let's talk about reading groups......)  Charles Horton Cooley Wenta step further than Locke with the formation of the looking glass self How we see ourselves is a reflection of how others see us This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY. We change our image based on the reaction we get from other people  George Herbert Meade Significant Others Parents, g-parents, teachers who have the most influence on us Help form the I-Self, our constant view of ourselves Generalized other Society in general, and the "rest of the people" we encounter Form the me self that changes as the situation changes Anticipatory Socialization Practicing for socialization we will need/have in the future 3 steps This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC.  1. preparatory stage Young children are only capable of imitation This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY. Inability to see/understand other people's point of view 2. play stage Begin to take the role of one other person Momma to your baby doll 3. game stage Ability to consider several roles at the same time Status and Roles Status The place you occupy in the social structure Where you fit in 3 types 1. ascribed status You are born with it, did not do anything to get it Male, 20 years old, part of your family, race 2. achieved status Something you worked for, put in effort Junior in college, hockey player, AST sister 3. master status The status people identify you with first Occupation, major in college  Roles The part you play, behavior exhibited because of your status Role Expectations The behavior you are supposed to have because of your status Do your homework, study for tests Role Performance What you actually do Take a nap, binge watch Succession This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY.  Role Conflict When you cannot fulfill the requirements of conflicting roles Boss and friend Role Strain When you have trouble fulfilling the demands of a single role 3 test, 2 papers and a presentation all in one week This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC.  Social simulation a general class of strategies for understanding social dynamics to simulate social systems Examples: Fire drills Active shooter drills This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY. Science labs Football practice This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC. Agents of Socialization 1. Family Our first contact is with family Teaches a child what they need to know to survive Get dressed, manners, friend vs stranger What is taught varies by socioeconomic status, race, ethnic background We typically have the same values, political beliefs as our family "we don't act like that is  2. School Based on achievement, not affection We spend more awake time in school than anywhere else for 13 years We learn reading, math, This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY. science, citizenship but also.... Hidden curriculum How to wait in line, take turns, conform, teamwork, competition  3. Peer Group Group of equals, roughly the same age More important during teens, young adulthood, than other agents Non-subordinate relationships, no adults in charge  4. Mass Media Anyinformation produced for mass consumption by the public at large TV, movies, pod casts, music, BeReal, social media When little girls see princesses, they want to be one, boys want to be Iron Man, Hannah Montana, Zach. and Cody, Sponge Bob, Keeping up with the Kardashians, Video games, conspiracy theories A few more terms Desocialization Losing or giving up previously held beliefs, norms and values Happens in a total institution Resocialization Learning new norms, behaviors Military must replace old norms with new ones to function and do what they are supposed to do Standford Prison Study, Phillip Zimbardo This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY. Race Any one of the groups of humans divided into groups based on real or presumed physical traits regarded as common among people of shared ancestry Used to be divided into between 3-5 categories based on skin tone and physical features Raceis now more of a social construct and is not only biologically identifiable ethnicity Based on shared culture Language Religion Traditions Food Definition has also changed over time To make things more confusing....pan ethnic labels like "Hispanic" or "Asian" are not always accepted by members  What is a minority group? Any group of people who are singled out for differential and unequal treatment Have 5 characteristics Experience unequal treatment compared to the dominate group Share physical or cultural characteristics that distinguish them from majority group Membership is not voluntary Members have a strong sense of This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND. group solidarity Prejudice and discrimination Prejudice Negative beliefs, ideas, thoughts, feelings or attitudes an individual holds about another group Not based on personal experience, it is a pre-judgement Stereotyping Generalization about a group of people with little to no actual basis Dumb blondes, redheads have a hot temper, Asians are smart  Discrimination Actions taken against a group of people resulting in the denial of equal treatment Unfair housing laws, hiring bias, voter suppression, segregated education White privledge- benefits people receive by being white or being perceived as white Scapegoating Dominate group displaces aggression onto a minority group Hillter blamed the Jews Poor whites blame immigrants  Racism Used to justify inequalities against individuals by maintaining that one racial category is superior to another Creating circumstances that keep a racial group at a disadvantage Racially dominant group use racism to maximize their benefits Individual- telling racist jokes, promoting stereotypes, won't rent to minorities Systemic/institutional- system/ structures that have procedures that disadvantage minorities, gerrymandering, minority schools underfunded Ageism Discrimination based on age Attitudes and behaviors based on stereotypes Instead of say a specific person should no longer drive, we say "get those old people off the road!" Reduces elderly people to inferior or limited positions Gerontology The science of the process of aging What is it like to be an older adult in society? Gerontocracy Power is held by a society's older members In the US Biden (88) Trump (77) Pelosi (83) McConnell (81) Schumer (72) Grassley (90) Durbin (77) Sanders (83) How old is old? Lifeexpectancy in the US is 77.28 years AARP offers membership after age 50 55+ communities, lots to do, upscale Average retirement age is 61 (12% work after retirement) Medicare at 65 Social Security at 67 (full) 26.6% of people between 65-74 are still working