Body System Functions PDF

The Smallest Cell to a Complete Body System Functions Together: ​ Human life processes ​ Organization ​ Metabolism ​ Responsiveness ​ Movement ​ Reproduction ​ Growth ​ Respiration ​ Digestion ​ Excretion The 10 Body Systems: ​ Skeletal ○​ Provides a frame...

The Smallest Cell to a Complete Body System Functions Together: ​ Human life processes ​ Organization ​ Metabolism ​ Responsiveness ​ Movement ​ Reproduction ​ Growth ​ Respiration ​ Digestion ​ Excretion The 10 Body Systems: ​ Skeletal ○​ Provides a framework for the body ​ Muscular ○​ Allows the body to have movement ​ Circulatory ○​ Moves blood through the body ​ Nervous ○​ Sends and receives messages ​ Digestive ○​ Supplies nutrients to the body ​ Excretory ○​ Eliminates wastes from the body ​ Respiratory ○​ Provides oxygen and eliminates CO2 ​ Endocrine ○​ Controls growth, reproduction, health ​ Reproductive ○​ Generation of new life ​ Integumentary ○​ Covers and protects the entire body Integumentary System Protects Internal Body Structures: ​ is made up of the skin and its various accessory organs, such as sensory receptors, hair, nails, and the oil and sweat glands, also called exocrine glands. ​ Has many sensory receptors. ​ Largest organ of the body, first-line defense against infection and water loss; regulates temperature, perceives sensation, produces vitamin D; has absorption capabilities. ​ Skin and accessary organs such as oil and sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair, and nails. ​ Skin is the largest organ in the body, learning its functions and the work of the accessory organs is a critical component in a skin care therapist’s success. Skeletal System: ​ Supports the body and enable movement with muscular system ​ Cartilage, bone, joints. ​ Important for protecting your own body mechanics when working and knowing physical landmarks when providing treatments, including makeup applications. Functions of The Skeleton: ​ Shape and structure ​ Protect organs ​ Muscle attachment ​ Produce blood cells ​ Calcium storage Circulatory System: ​ Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and equalizes temperature in the body ​ Works with the lymphatic channels ​ Health of this system can affect the skin tissue ​ What are some contraindications and service modifications? ○​ Heart, blood vessels, blood Muscular System: ​ Works with the skeletal system and assists with body temperature. ​ Covers, shapes, and supports skeletal tissue; contracts and moves parts of the body; consists of muscles. ​ Skeletal muscles, tendons ​ Important when doing massage and performing electrical treatments. Also, important to prevent motion fatigue while performing treatments. Nervous System: ​ Activates the body responses and sensory information. ​ Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves. ​ Need to know location of the facial nerves when performing treatments. ​ Sympathetic nervous system carries signals that put your body's systems on alert. ​ Parasympathetic carries signals that relax those systems. Digestive System: ​ Processes food for use by the body and removes wastes from undigested food. Absorbs nutrients. ​ Stomach, liver, gall bladder, large intestine, small intestine. ​ Good nutrition allows optimum functioning of all body systems. Excretory System: ​ Controls water balance in body and removes wastes from the blood and excretes them. ​ Kidneys, urinary bladder. Respiratory System: ​ Enables breathing, supplies body with oxygen, removes carbon dioxide from the body and delivers oxygen to blood ​ Nasal passage, trachea, lungs. ​ Adequate oxygenation of the tissue allows optimum cell functioning; possibility of respiratory spread of infection affects safety and cleanliness. Endocrine System: ​ Secretes hormones and regulates bodily processes. ​ Affects growth, development, sexual activities, and normal regulatory processes of the body; consists of specialized glands. ​ Pituitary gland, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, ovaries. ​ Hormones excreted by this system affect the skin and understanding the functioning will help when recognizing need for medical evaluation; acne breakouts, hair growth, and skin oiliness or dryness are a few. Immune/ Lymphatic System: ​ Returns fluid to blood and defends against pathogens. ​ Developing resistances and destroying disease-causing toxins, foreign material, and bacteria. ​ Thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic vessels. ​ Many treatments require action from this system, including performing lymphatic massage. Reproductive System: ​ Production of children and passing on our genetics from one generation to another. ​ How do two or more tissues combine to build an organ? ○​ Cells are grouped together to carry out specific functions. ○​ A group of cells that work together form a tissue. ○​ Organs are formed by the functional grouping together of multiple tissues. Skin Foundations - Oxidative Stress ​ Once upon a time, skin care was all about topical products like masks and toners. But as research digs deeper into the link between internal and external health, it's becoming clear that successful skin care is rooted in cellular beauty. ​ A prolonged state of oxidative stress speeds up the skin aging process. It contributes to loss of collagen and elastin fibers, resulting in fine wrinkles, sagging, and texture changes. It can trigger dark spots and other discoloration. But it's not just about these "signs of aging”, oxidative stress affects skin's basic functions: Oxidative stress is involved in reduced barrier function, increased sensitivity, and decreased moisture. Hyperpigmentation: ​ Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is one of the most common causes of hyperpigmentation, along with being an extrinsic factor of aging. ​ UV radiation triggers an increase in melanin production, resulting in darkening of the skin. While some amount of exposure to sunlight is necessary for healthy skin and vitamin D production, too much sun exposure can have detrimental and long-term cellular aging effects. ​ Intrinsic factors of aging that cause hyperpigmentation have to do with a multitude of factors that would cause hormonal imbalances. ​ By eating excessive amounts of sugar and dairy products, as one example, organelles at a cellular level are not fortified through proper nutrition. Cells need three things to survive and perform properly: food (nutrition from plants; fruits and vegetables), oxygen, and water. Intrinsic Factors: ​ Sugar and dairy products that are not part of the proper nutrition needed for cells can cause oxidative stress (aging) and an increase in inflammation. ​ Glucose is a sugar molecule that, when ingested in excessive amounts, causes a lining in the gut that is impenetrable to nutrients from fruits and vegetables. ​ Lactose in dairy products can be broken down into galactose as well as glucose and cause the same reaction to occur. Therefore, clients ingesting more sugar and dairy than necessary cause ribosomes to not function properly. ​ Ribosomes are one type of organelle inside of a cell that causes protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is extremely important to produce healthy hormone levels.