Information Sheet 1a PDF

**INFORMATION SHEET 1.2** **LO1. Plan and prepare for work** **ARCHITECTURAL WORKING DRAWINGS** The architectural working drawings together with the specifications are the most important parts of the documents constituting the contract. Information on the designs, locations, and dimensions of the...

**INFORMATION SHEET 1.2** **LO1. Plan and prepare for work** **ARCHITECTURAL WORKING DRAWINGS** The architectural working drawings together with the specifications are the most important parts of the documents constituting the contract. Information on the designs, locations, and dimensions of the elements of a building is found on the architectural working drawings while information on the quality of materials and workmanship is found in the specifications. A good architectural working drawing gives the contractor the exact information he needs. It should be clear, simple, and orderly arranged, and accurately drawn so that scaled measurements will match with dimensions. The finished drawings made by the architect, or draftsman and used by the contractor are called architectural working drawings. The architectural working drawings, together with the specifications and the general conditions, form the legal contract between the owner and the contractor. Since the working drawings are a major portion of the contract documents, they should be very carefully drawn. Students will be able to interpret, identify tools and materials used in working drawings and fully understand the standard procedure in layouting and detailing architectural working plans and drawings. **Elements of Architectural working drawing** A complete architectural working drawing of a house generally includes the following: *1. Architectural sheets* **a. Sheet \# 1** - Title page and index (Exterior perspective, site development plan or plot plan, and vicinity map or location plan is often included in the plan). PERSPECTIVE is the view as seen by the eyes or it shows the appearance of the finished building. This drawing represents the actual form of the proposed building. SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN is the outline and measurements ofthe proposed building and its placement on the property. it shows the position and the location of the building withproperty line, setbacks, approaches, grade contours, landscape and other pertinent data in relation to the site. A site development plan is drawn using a scale not smaller than 1:200meters. (seesite development plan on the next page.) LOCATION PLAN is the top view of the site or lot where the proposed house will be built. It shows the position of the house inside the lot, the number of the adjacent lots, streets or lanes before or beside the lot, and the North sign. The location plan is usually located near the title block. The main line symbol of the North sign is generally parallel to the side border line of the drawing paper and points upward. Sheet \# 1 SAMPLE BLUEPRINT OF A ONE-STOREY HOUSE Title Page and Index generally includes title block, table of contents, labels, and the name of the duly licensed and registered Geodetic Engineer who approves the lot survey plans. **Title Block in House Plan** The title block in house plans includes the following information: 1\. Owner's name 2\. Location or address of the proposed house 3\. Lot and block numbers 4\. Signature of architect or civil engineer who approves the plan 5\. Draftsman's name or initials 6\. Date when plan was drawn or completed 7\. Scale as shown **b. Sheet \# 2** -- Floor plan, of a 2 Storey House. It includes the Ground Floor Plan and Second Floor Plan) with complete Elevation. FLOOR PLAN is the top view of the floor area of a house. The cutting plane line for this top view passes between the upper and lower window sills. It represents the arrangement of rooms, doors, windows and other features located in the floor plan. ELEVATION is the front or side view of a building. It shows the design of the house, height dimension, materials finish and complete information on specification.  Sheet \# 3 - Sections, Roof Plan, and Reflected Ceiling Light A blueprint of a building Description automatically generated SECTION is the view showing the inside part of the building either in cross- section or longitudinal section. ROOF PLAN is one showing the outline of the roof and the major object lines indicating ridges, valleys, hips, and openings. REFLECTED CEILING PLAN is the complete plan design of house ceiling. BALUSTER DETAIL is the detail of the vertical railing along a staircase or balcony railing. **d. Sheet \# 4** - Doors and Windows Schedule, Detail of kitchen, and Detail of Toilet and Bath DOORS and WINDOWS SCHEDULE is a complete specification of doors and windows in terms of width, height, types, materials and quantity. KITCHEN DETAIL is a drawing of kitchen floor plan with complete specifications. TOILET and BATH DETAIL is a drawing of toilet and the floor plan that shows complete features of toilet and bath. d\. Sheet \# 4 - Doors and Windows Schedule, Detail of kitchen,  ARCHITECTURAL ABBREVIATIONS: +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | BALCONY -- BALC | CEILING LINE -- CL | METER -- M | | | | | | BATHROOM -- B | ELEVATION -- ELEV. | MILIMETER -- MM | | | | | | BEDROOM -- BR | SECTION -- SEC. | AT - @ | | | | | | MASTER BEDROOM - MBR | FLOOR -- FLR | DOWN SPOUT --DS | | | | | | LIVING ROOM -- LR | CONCRETEHOLLOW BLOCKS | VERTICAL -- VERT. | | | -- CHB | | | DINING ROOM -- DR | | NOT TO SCALE -- NTS | | | CORRUGATED -- CORR | | | KITCHEN -- K | | FLOOR LINE -- FL | | | CEMENT -- CEM | | | LAVATORY -- LAV | | GROUND LINE -- GL | | | BOTH WAYS -- B.W. | | | TOILET & BATH -- T & | | FINISH FLOOR LINE -- | | B | ON CENTER - OC | FFL | | | | | | BUILDING -- BLDG | DOWN -- DN | FINISH GROUND LINE- | | | | FGL | | BUILT-IN -- BLT-IN | | | | | | | | CABINET -- CAB | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ **Architectural Symbols** Familiarizing all the architectural symbols is a prerequisite for all students in architecture and drafting technology programs considering that their future works will be on the architectural activity. It would be difficult for them to interpret drawing or blueprint unless they have familiarized all the architectural symbols. The following illustrations are the architectural symbols: a. Doors and windows symbols that are shown in the floor plan. A diagram of a double window Description automatically generated b. Doors and windows symbols that used to represent doors on floor plans and elevation drawings  A diagram of doors and lights Description automatically generated with medium confidence c. Door, window and staircase symbols that are shown in the elevation plans.  **2. Structural Sheet** a\. Sheet \# 5 - Foundation plan, Roof Framing Plan, Truss Detail, and Column/Footing/Beam Schedules A blueprint of a house Description automatically generated FOUNDATION PLAN a structural excavation plan of footings and walls of a building. ROOF FRAMING PLAN a structural framing plan of the roof plan with complete specification. TRUSS DETAIL a complete structural detail of a common or typical truss of a building. COLUMN/FOOTING/BEAM SCHEDULE a complete specification of column, footings, and beam in terms of sizes, materials and quantity. b\. Sheet \# 6 - Detail of Footings, Construction Notes and General Notes FOOTINGS a part of foundation directly supporting the column or post of a house. A detail drawing of building footings with specific requirements. CONSTRUCTION NOTES a sub-complete detail of wall footings, lintels, beams, and other required structural features to present in the plan. GENERAL NOTES a complete specification and legend of structural features presented in the plan. Sheet \# 6 - Detail of Footings, Construction Notes and General Notes  **3. Plumbing Plan/Layout** a\. Sheet \# 7 - Water and Sewage System Plan A blueprint of a house Description automatically generated Plumbing Plan is the complete drawing detail of water and sewage distribution. Water System Plan is the drawing of flow of water in the house from main water source. Sewage System Plan is the drawing flow of sewage from the house to main canal and septic tank. Sheet \# 8 - Storm Drainage System, and Septic Tank Detail  Storm Drainage System shows the flow of water waste from the lavatory, floor drain, and downspout from roof to storm drainage. Septic Tank it is the depository of human excreta and a drainage reservoir for all washing done in the kitchen and bathroom. The main section of septic tank is the digestive chamber and the leaching well. **4. Electrical Plan** Sheet \# 9 - Lighting layout, Power and Auxiliary layout, Location plan, Panel board Detail, Load Schedules and Specifications Electrical Plan a plan consists of lighting plan, power layout and specification details of the house. Lighting layout an electrical plan that shows the flow of house lightings Power & auxiliary layout an electrical plan that shows the flow of convenience outlet and other auxiliary outlet in the floor plan. Sheet \# 9 - Lighting layout, Power and Auxiliary layout, Location plan, Panel board Detail, Load Schedules and Specifications A blueprint of a house Description automatically generated ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED: