Imperialism and De-Industrialization of India PDF

Imperialism and de- Industrialization of india By: Aadit, Rohan and Aahana  What effects did the industrialization of cotton cloth production have on the Indian economy? In the 1750s much of the world bought its textiles from India India’...

Imperialism and de- Industrialization of india By: Aadit, Rohan and Aahana  What effects did the industrialization of cotton cloth production have on the Indian economy? In the 1750s much of the world bought its textiles from India India’s strong economy was destroyed by European industrialization. India’s handloom technology played the highest role in their economy which was done by Britain using machines 4500 miles away The selfish Britain’s didnt want to let the new machines get into India’s hands A fine cotton morning coat prudced by India for sale to a wealthy French aristrocrat (before de-industrialization) As a result destroying India’s economy, and millions of labourers lost their jobs So instead of exporting cloth India became an exporter of cotton This process is known as de-industrialization, it meant that a lot of profit from turning cloth in to cotton went to Britain instead of India  Why was de-Industrialization bad for India? Economic collapse Loss of a thriving industry Shift from manufactured goods to raw material production Mass unemployment Job-Losses Forced Transition to agriculture Increased poverty and famines Raising food prices Famines Social and political instability Migration and displacement Weakening of local governing Loss of economic independence Colonial exploitation Long term economic Under development  What political explanation does the author give for this economic failure? Economic failures in India were due to British political decisions to focus on profits. The East India Company focused on cash crops like cotton over food production. This leads to starvation and economic failure. - Economic activity fueled Indian social movements. The Swadeshi movement sought political and economic independence. The project promoted self-sufficiency and the revival of Indian industries.  Why did India suffer so many famines in the 19th century? English merchants demanded cotton in India They took it to the English mill where they used machines to the cotton into yarn and thread Cause of this many inexpensive factories flood the Market of English, European, and the Indian Indian markets couldn’t compete with it Resulting in the loss of jobs for the laborers in India De-industrialization cause widespread famines and mass migration Wages declined, taxes increased, and cost of rice and other foods rose Thousands of laborers got evicted from their lands, many were unable to get food and survive.  How did Japan Escape Colonialism? Countries like China, Egypt and India all faced colonialization but not Japan.Why? 1. Political Centralization and Stability Central Authority: Japan maintained a strong and centralized government that controlled the country. Foreign Influence: Japan was very cautious about foreign trade, which stopped economic dependency on other countries. 2. Meiji Restoration and Industrialization Japan undertook the Meiji Restoration, a Quick industrialization period. Japan also used Western technology and Policies on its own policies, building a strong base. 3. Learning from Others' Experiences Japan observed the other Asian Countries and avoided similar events.. 4. Geographical Luck Japan's geographic isolation and the fact that it was not initially seen as a major source of material had delayed or reduced interests in colonization.  More relevant images Handloom machine in England Famines after losing job English cotton industry  Resources https://www.britannica.com/topic/Western-colonialism/The- Open-Door-Policy https://www.oerproject.com/OER-Materials/OER- Media/PDFs/1200/Unit5/Imperialism-and-De-Industrialization-in- India Thank You!