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## Date: / / ### Stability - maintain posture, preventing unwanted movements - antigravity muscles - resist the pull of gravity and stabilize joints - Control openings and passageways - sphincters - internal muscular rings that control the movement of food, blood, fluids, urine, feces, bile, and o...

## Date: / / ### Stability - maintain posture, preventing unwanted movements - antigravity muscles - resist the pull of gravity and stabilize joints - Control openings and passageways - sphincters - internal muscular rings that control the movement of food, blood, fluids, urine, feces, bile, and other materials. ### Types of Muscle Tissue - Cardiac - Skeletal - Smooth ### Characteristics of Muscle - **Excitability** - can be stimulated by chemical signals, nerves, and stretch. - **Conductivity** - signal for a muscle to contract is spread from the point of stimulation throughout the entire muscle. - **Contractility** - abilities of the muscle to shorten - **Extensibility** - ability of the muscle and muscle cell to be stretched - **Elasticity** - ability to return to normal size and shape after being stretched. ### Body Mass Index - A weight to height ratio calculated by dividing one's weight in kilograms by the square of one's height in meters. - Used as an indicator of obesity and underweight (overweight). - (Unoccupied (overweight). ### Body Types - **Ectomorpp** - **Endomorpp** - **Mesomorpp** ### Ectomorpp - Body similar to a marathon - Delicate frame - "Hard Gainer" - Fast metabolism - Hard to gain weight or muscle.