Ateneo de Davao University School of Nursing Thesis Format PDF

Ateneo de Davao University School of Nursing Thesis Format a. General Format of the Research Paper 1. Preliminaries o Title page o Approval sheet o Acknowledgment o Table of Contents o...

Ateneo de Davao University School of Nursing Thesis Format a. General Format of the Research Paper 1. Preliminaries o Title page o Approval sheet o Acknowledgment o Table of Contents o List of tables o List of figures o Abstract Title: Format is inverted pyramid, Single space, has no page number but count it as page (i), Authors: First name, middle initial, Family name) Approval sheet up to list of figures should have a page number on the lower part (middle) using the Roman Numerals Content of the abstract: A summary of the whole study from the title, the background of the study, the objectives and the coverage of the study, the methodology, the conclusion, and the recommendations. It should be a maximum of 250 words. This is included in the final defense. Acknowledgement may not be included yet for the proposal 2. Body of the Research paper Chapter 1 – INTRODUCTION o Background of the Study o Theoretical Framework o Conceptual Framework o Statement of the Problem o Hypotheses of the Study o Scope and Limitation of the Study o Significance of the Study o Definition of Terms The first page of every chapter is without a page number, the rest of the pages will have a page number on the right upper corner using the Arabic numerals The background of study should include o Global, national and local situations o Why the study was considered o Should bridge the gap between existing knowledge and prevailing problem or situation o Limit to 1 ½ pages only The scope and limitations will answer the following: o Who o What o When  o Where o Why of the study The significance of the study is in singular form, indented and is followed by a period. No underline The definition of terms is written in alphabetical order. It is also indented and followed by a period Can use both conceptual and operational definition (start with conceptual definition) o Example of how to start writing the operational definition: In this study, it refers to…. Chapter 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES May include subheadings Review of Related Literature – minimum of 10 reference Review of Related Studies – minimum of 5 references Chapter 3. METHODOLOGY OR RESEARCH METHODOLOGY o Research Design o Research Locale o Respondents/Subjects/Participants of the Study o Sampling technique (For quantitative study only) o Research Instrument o Research Procedure o Statistical Treatment (For quantitative study only) o Ethical Consideration Use the word respondents if the research instrument is a questionnaire and subjects if the research study is experimental. *It is also safer to use participants to any types of research studies. Chapter 4. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, and INTERPRETATION Contents o Presentation of the data (Table or Graph) o Analysis of the data o Interpretation of Data o Supporting literature If using a table, the title is written on top of the table. It should be at the center If using a figure, the title is written at the bottom of the figure, left side of the paper Include in your findings the implication of the result after the analysis of the table or figure Chapter 5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION The summary, sums up the whole research process, from the statement of the problem down to the research methodology The conclusion discussion the result or is based from the findings of the study. It is where we mention if the hypothesis is accepted or rejected  The recommendations are written using the same format as that of the significance of the study and are based on the statement of the problem. Also, the findings must be considered in writing the recommendations. 3. REFERENCES Use APA format Example: Floresca, L. (2015). PTK vs MDGs: Interaction of Economics and Millennium Development Goals in Mindanao. The Journal of Nursing, 19 (2).Pp 139-151. You can also see the online APA version 7 4. APPENDICES 5. CURRICULUM VITAE (1 page CV for each member – All photos must be the same) Take Note: Margin in all pages (1 inch at the top, bottom and right side) and 1 ½ inches in the left side Starting with chapter 1, every first page of a chapter should have no page number but still counted In all parts double spacing from the subheading to and all throughout the paragraph. In all parts of the thesis paper: 3 single spaces to the next subheading Originally Crafted by: 1. Dr. Patria V. Manalaysay 2. Mrs. Mary Hazel Facundo 3. Dr. Liza Floresca 4. Ms. Grace Guitguiten 5. Mrs. Cynthia Jane Villanueva 6. Mrs. Jennifer Ocampo 7. Ms Emily Rodriguez 8. Ms Magnolia May Jadulang June 20, 2007 Revised By: Liza Floresca, RN, MAN,PhD, DNS Academic Coordinator July 24, 2021 By: Dr. Apple Guiao-Alvarez, RN,MN  Everybody has their The moment you The quest for innate ability to This “everyday ask a question and change is an become a researcher, research” look for answers, endless challenge but only a formal continuously aims you are simply to unearth research education for the betterment and training can engaging yourself knowledge, it is of our day-to-day unleash that human nature to into research. life. know more. researcher within a person. Research Originated from its meaning literally “to search again” or “to examine carefully”. Grove and colleagues (2015) : diligent, systematic inquiry, or study that validates and refines existing knowledge to develop new knowledge. Discipline utilizing the systematic body of knowledge and organized methods of inquiry to answer questions and solve problems, which aims to gain knowledge for the benefit of the people (Polit & Beck, 2018). Polit & Beck, 2018 The research applied to nursing practice, describes as the systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence on issues of importance to the nursing profession such as nursing practice, administration and informatics Nieswiadomy & Bailey (2018), Nursing research as a systematic objective process of analyzing phenomena of importance to nursing which includes practice, education and administration. Grove, et al. (2015) Nursing research as a scientific process that validates and refines existing knowledge to generates new knowledge through planning, organization, and persistence focuses on nursing education, administration, health care delivery, characteristics of nurses, and their roles. Importance of Research in the Nursing Profession 1. Information Literacy Information literacy is the comprehension to understand information and the ability to transform it into a new knowledge of higher-level which you can utilize for development and improvement. This skill is not only reading comprehension Ability to effectively process information for interpretation, study comparison, analyze results Think critically which can aid nurses on their problem-solving and decision-making competencies.  Teaching information literacy will bring the academe into a higher level of learning using 2. Teaching different modes of teaching and instructions. Research is being utilized by nursing schools to Information strengthen research departments in helping the students to be more competent in acquiring Literacy information literacy. Problem-based learning modality allows the students to develop critical thinking skills and problem-solving ability when they are challenged clinically to prepare them for their practice in the future.  Research will correct misconceptions, improve patient care, upgrade the health care system, revamp health workers working condition and develop new treatment protocols and clinical 3. Evidence- pathways for safe and efficient nursing practice. Based Practice The safe and efficient nursing practice must have a scientific basis that undergoes rigid study and experimentation. A safe practice must be the results of research proving its safety and efficacy to establish best practices in the profession. As research adapts to the changing needs of the society in terms of health care delivery, health care environment, patient care needs, population health demands and health-related regulations of the government — breakthroughs make the practice continuously evolves. Research brings constant change, forcing nurses to keep themselves abreast to changes for them to stay in their field. Research brings no room for stagnation in the practice. Implementing an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice History of Nursing Research In the beginning of nursing in the 1800s (Mackey & Bassendowski, 2017). Florence Nightingale: pioneered evidence-based practice corroborated by her documentation on notes on nursing. Advances in technology are the major catapult of nursing research to evolve as the nursing discipline makes headway in the medical community.  A long time had passed before the nursing community put the research activity into cognizance. In the year 1950’s, Division of Nursing Resources started to fund research studies with the first journal publication of Nursing Research in 1952 Put up several research centers around the United States of America which eventually leads to the construction of National Center for Nursing Research in 1985 (Tappen, 2016). Components of the Research Process Dr. Apple Guiao-Alvarez, RN,MN 1 2. Correlational Research 3. Experimental Research Six steps to conducting experimental research 1. Selection of a research plan Three types of comparisons Comparison of two different approaches Comparison of new and existing approaches Comparison of different amounts of a single approach 2. Execution of the research plan 4. Ethnographic Research Nine steps to conduct an ethnographic study 1. Identify the purpose of the research study A clear idea with some connection to cultural issues 2. Frame the study as a larger theoretical, policy, or practical problem The importance of most ethnographic problems is readily apparent 3. Pose initial ethnographic research questions Use general guiding questions that foreshadow the issue 4. Describe the overall approach and rationale for the study 5. Describe the site and sample selection The use of purposive sampling techniques The use of key informants 6. Describe the researcher’s role Entry to the site Reciprocity Ethics 7. Describe the data collection methods Participant observation Field notes Interviews Artifacts 8. Describe appropriate strategies for the analysis and interpretation of data Use the methods discussed in the chapter on data collection and analysis 9. Write the ethnographic account 5. Phenomenological Research 6.  * Liza G.Floresca, RN,MAN,PhD, DNS  * * Branch of mathematics * Summarize * Organize * Present * Analyze * Interpret  * * Descriptive * Organize and summarize numerical data from the population and sample * Inferential * Concerned with population and the use of sample data to predict future occurrences  * * Descriptive * Measures and condenses data * Frequency * Graphic presentation * Measures of central tendency * Mean * Median * mode  * * Inferential * Estimate population parameters * Sampling error which is difference between data obtained from random sampled population and data * Sampling distribution is s theoretical frequency distribution based on an infinite number of samples * Sampling bias occurs when samples are not carefully selected as in non-probability sampling  * * Testing the Null Hypothesis * State the research hypothesis * State the null hypothesis to be treated * Choose the appropriate statistical test for the given data * Determine the level of significant difference, the relationship or correlation between the given variables in order to reject or accept the null hypothesis, depending on significant level.  * * The interpretation of statistical test, in most cases, depends on the number of values that are free to vary.  * – the number that occurs most frequently (simplest measure of central tendency) – divides the distribution at 50th percentile (the number above which and below which half the observations fall) – the arithmetic average (summation of all scores divided by number of cases) ✓ most reliable, stable and best measure and most useful summary statistics  * – simplest and easiest measure of variability ◦ Distance between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution – a measure of the spread scores ◦ Number indicating how closely the scores are clustered around the mean – mathematical index of the average distance of the scores on an interval or ratio scale from the mean in square units ◦ Square of the standard deviation (mean square)  * – reflect relationship (degrees of association) between two variables Pearson Correlation Spearman Rank Correlation (+/-) 1.0 is perfect correlation – a method of determining the specific function relating one variable with another Linear regression; Multiple regression; Partial regression; Curvilinear regression * Designed to examine statistical difference between two means Used to test the significant difference between means from totally different and unrelated groups A descriptive measure of the discrepancy values between observed frequency and expected frequency An inferential statistics that is the same as t-test, but more versatile because it can be used to compare two or more groups. Used to determine the significance between the means of a number of different populations * Test of association Test of Association/Prediction  * Nature of Data Type of Analysis Descriptive Correlational Comparative Nominal Mode Cramer’s coefficient Chi-square Frequency distribution Phi coefficient Fisher exact test Percentage Mc-Nemar Change distribution test Ordinal Mode Spearman rho Mann- Whitney Frequency dist. Kruskall Wallis 1-way Percentage Kendall’s tau ANOVA Friedman 3 way ANOVA Interval or ratio Range Pearson r 2 groups Mean Dependent t-test SD Independent t-test MEan 3 or more groups N-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) * 0.05- we are accepting the risk that out of 100 samples, a true Ho would be rejected 5 times in 95 out of 100 cases, a true Ho would be correctly accepted 0.01 – the risk of making a Type I error is lower in only one sample out of 100 would we erroneously reject the Ho. - lowering a Type I error increases the risk of making a Type II error  * *An adequate exposition of true meaning of the materials presented, in terms of the purposes of the study *It throws light on the real significance of the material in the context where it is found *Includes wider implications of the data, giving hints of conclusions and recommendations *Shows forth the values of greatest worth that have resulted to generalizations The most important level of interpretation in terms of objectives set up and that of the ultimate objectives - Includes meaning of the data and conclusions of the study  * * Textual * Tabular * Graphic  * Under this component is a brief resume of the following: 1. Restated main and sub – problem 2. Restated of Subjects 3. Types of research methods used 4. Major findings of the study  * 1. Briefly worded in generalized statement that answers directly in sequential order each of the questions posed at the outset of the study 2. Derived from significant findings  * * Based on findings and conclusions  * 1. Organized according to each subject problem’s finding and conclusions 2. Each is stated in clear and concise terms 3. Each is relevant to the objective findings and conclusions 4. Only those feasible recommendations are implemented 5. General recommendations mentioned last *  Ateneo de Davao University School of Nursing Qualitative Thesis Format General Format of the Research Paper 1. Preliminaries o Title page ≥ The format is inverted pyramid, Single space, has no page number but count it as page (i) ≥ Authors: First name, middle initial, Family name) o Approval sheet – to be included in the approved revised paper (2nd semester) ≥ Approval sheet up to list of figures should have a page number on the lower part (middle) using the Roman Numerals o Acknowledgment - to be included in the approved revised paper (2nd semester) o Table of Contents ≥ List of tables ≥ List of figures o Abstract- to be included in the final defense paper and approved revised paper (2nd semester) ≥ Content: Summary of the whole study from the title, the background of the study, the objectives and the coverage of the study, the methodology, the conclusion, and the recommendations. Maximum of 250 words. Chapter 1. Background of the Study - Introduction ≥ Make sure, to begin with, a catchy sentence to allow readers to be interested more in the content of the paper - Philosophical Basis - Research Questions (Grand Tour and Specific) - Scope and Limitation - Significance of the Study - Operational Definition of Terms ₪ Note: Page number: The first page of every chapter is without a page number, the rest of the pages will have a page number on the right upper corner using the Arabic numerals (same with Chapter 2, 3, 4, and 5) Chapter 2. Review of Related Literature and Studies - Synopsis of RRL Chapter 3. Methodology - Research Design - Participants of the Study ≥ Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria ≥ Characteristics of the Participants (to be included: thesis final paper/defense) - Research Instrumentation - Data Gathering Procedure - Data Analysis ≥ (Type of Qualitative Analysis/Coding Process- Thematic, Content, etc.) - Trustworthiness of the Study ≥ Credibility ≥ Auditability ≥ Fittingness - Ethical Considerations Chapter 4. Presentation and Analysis of Data ≥ Results and corresponding interpretation of data ≥ Supported with RRL Chapter 5. Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation ≥ In number list format – Themes and Recommendations ≥ Conclusion - Narrative REFERENCES: Use APA Format (see quantitative study format) Appendices: (see quantitative study format) Prepared by: Apple Guiao-Alvarez, RN, MN, DNS SON- Clinical Instructor & Research Committee, Chairman July 2021