HSCI 251 Minor In Office Procedures Summary W20253 PDF

Chalazion Removal – A chalazion is a small (2-8 mm) swelling in the eyelid. It arises due to inflammation causing a reaction known as a "granuloma” Symptoms Small lump which develops on an eyelid Might cause mild pain or irritation Blurred vision from larger chalazion...

Chalazion Removal – A chalazion is a small (2-8 mm) swelling in the eyelid. It arises due to inflammation causing a reaction known as a "granuloma” Symptoms Small lump which develops on an eyelid Might cause mild pain or irritation Blurred vision from larger chalazion https://patient.info/eye-care/swollen- eyelid/chalazion#what-is-a-chalazion How to treat Chalazion: Warm compresses Antibiotic ointments, drops and medicine Cleaning the eyelid Minor procedure often referred to as: : Chalazion I & D “ or “ Chalazion I & C” – (Incision and curettage, Incision and drainage) Common used instruments: Chalazion Clamp Chalazion Curette No. 11 Blade Jaeger Lid Plate https://csurgeries.com/video/chalazion- incision-and-curettage/ Retinal Tear Symptoms Makes your vision blurry Flashes or floaters Shadows appear in the peripheral side vision A gray curtain covers part of your vision Can lead to a Retinal Detachment https://www.kcretina.com/blog/how-do-i-know-if-i-have-a- torn-or-detached-retina Who’s at Risk Advanced age Degree of Myopia Associated lattice degeneration (thin patches in the retina) Trauma Family History Prior eye surgery How to diagnose a Retinal Tear Patient will be dilated Fundus Photos Retinal OCT 90D lens used at the slit lamp to examine the inside of the eye https://timroot.com/90-diopter-view-of- the-retina-video/ Indirect Retinal Exam with a 20D lens https://www.keeler.co.uk/blog/post/Inspecting%20the %20Difference%20Between%20Direct%20vs%20Indire ct%20Ophthalmoscopes How to Treat a Retinal Tear Photocoagulation – A laser is used to seal the retina to the wall of the eye. Goal: To keep fluid from going through the tear and detaching the retina https://www.allaboutvision. com/conditions/retina/laser -photocoagulation/ How to Treat Retinal Tears Cryopexy/Cryotherapy – Extreme cold is used to seal the retina to the wall of the eye Goal: To keep fluid from going through the tear and detaching the retina https://www.aao.org/education/image/retinal-cryopexy Diabetic Retinopathy An eye condition that can cause vision loss and blindness in people with diabetes Affects blood vessels in the retina Symptoms Changes in vision that can come and go Dark floaters or streaks that look like cobwebs Can lead to other serious eye conditions Macular Edema Neovascular glaucoma Retinal detachment Diabetic Retinopathy Treatments Injections – anti-VEGF to slow down or reverse Laser Treatment Focal Photocoagulation – Seal specific leaking vessels in a small area Scatter (pan-retinal) Photocoagulation – scatter treatments used to slow the growth of abnormal vessels that have developed over a wider area Macular Degeneration AMD (Age related Macular Degeneration) – leading cause of vision loss for older adults. Affects the central vision 2 types Dry AMD – Usually slow progression, macula gets thinner with age, No treatment Wet AMD – Advanced neovascular AMD, faster vision loss, abnormal vessel growth in the back of eye that causes damage to the macula. Has treatment options Wet AMD Treatment Anti-VEGF injections Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Combination of injections and laser treatment Injection of light sensitive medicine is administered and then the laser is focused on the back of your eye with a special contact lens and seal off the abnormal blood vessels https://www.dovepress.com/photodynamic-therapy-induced-acute-exudative-maculopathy-paem-prevalen-peer- reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTH Dry Eye Treatments Punctual Plugs Tiny Devices placed in the eyes Tear ducts Blocks the tears from draining Helps keep the eyes surface moist and comfortable https://www.aao.org/eye- health/treatments/punctal-plugs Punctual Plugs Temporary Made of collagen Breaks down and absorbed by the body Can last from a few days to a few months https://www.amconlabs.co Semi-Permanent m/product.asp?pid=7068 Made from silicone or acrylic Can be removed or fall out https://sacor.ca/products/plug1-eaglevision-punctum-plug How to insert Punctum Plugs Lower Punctum's drain 70% of tears Use topical anesthetic Punctum gauge to know the proper plug size https://corzaeye.com/coroneo-punctal-gauge-2040 Punctum Dilator to open the punctum https://fci-ophthalmics.com/products/punctum-dilator-and-plug-inserter/ https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/lacrimal-punctum-dilator-titanium- steel-20959621288.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BzX4zE7LGk0 IPL (Intense Pulsed Light) Uses gentle pulses of light to treat dry eyes Targets all aspects of MGD (Meibomian Gland Dysfunction) Improves Meibomian gland function Unclogs Meibomian glands Reduces inflammation Improves tear film quality and stability by restoring the lipid layer of the tear film https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6j1Ijg7NXk https://www.healthline.com/health/chronic-dry-eye/intense-pulsed-light- therapy-for-chronic-dry-eye Iridotomy Used for Closed Angle Glaucoma and prior to PIOL (Phakic Intraocular Lens Implant) procedures YAG Laser & Iridotomy Lens Used Pupils are constricted with Pilocarpine YAG = Yttrium aluminum garnet https://www.volk.com/products/blumenthal-iridotomy-speciality-slit-lamp-lens https://www.vrmny.com/procedures/iridotomy/ Iridotomy https://www.wollongongeyedoctor.com.au/laser-peripheral- iridotomy Capsulotomy https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S17516161 19310379 Capsulotomy Secondary Cataract (Posterior Capsule Opacification (PCO)) Usually happens Months or Years after Cataract Surgery Treated with the YAG Laser Pupils are dilated for this procedure https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFUp6amufHk https://www.vision-and-eye-health.com/laser-capsulotomy.html YAG LASER https://www.oclvision.com/procedures/cataract-surgery- old/yag-laser-treatment/ Laser Trabeculoplasty Used for Open-Angle Glaucoma to help lower the IOP Focused beam of laser light to treat the Trabecular Meshwork/Drainage angle of the eye Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty (ALT) Selective laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqCTytnqrpo Cyclophotocoagulation Laser procedure to help lower the IOP Targets the ciliary processes (the part of the eye that produces fluid) Only on patients with failed trabeculectomy or tube shunt https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iLYnvUPxg2o Foreign Body (FB) Removal Anesthetic Needle (18 or 30 Guage) Burr for Rust Ring removal (Alger brush) https://www.aliem.com/great-teaching-video-corneal-fb-removal/ https://www.bernell.com/category/Foreign_Body_Removal How can you get a Corneal Abrasion Poke yourself in the eye Finger Foreign object Get Dirt, sand, sawdust or other foreign matter in your eye Chemicals get in your eye Rub your eye too hard Poor fitting or dirty contacts Eye infections Surgery without proper eye protection High Risk physical activity without safety eye wear Over wear your contacts Symptoms of a Corneal Abrasion Painful Doesn’t get better when you close it Photophobia Tearing or redness Blurred vision https://skinsight.com/skin-conditions/first-aid-corneal- abrasion/ Treatment Inspect the eye for small particles Could be stuck under eye lid Flush the eye with clean water or saline to remove any particles May use fluorescein to confirm the abrasion BCL (bandage contact lens) may be inserted Antibiotics or ointments may be prescribed https://eyewaresnola.com/eye-care/common-eye- conditions/corneal-abrasion/ Debridement scaling – Treat MGD A procedure that increases Meibomian gland function and reduces dry eye symptoms Symptoms: - Constant Eye crust Instruments: - Eye scrapers - Cotton tipped applicators https://mountjoyeyecare.com/eyelid-debridement