Biochemistry Past Paper PDF

 How are free fatty acids processed by cells? - A\) Broken down by glycolysis - B\) Used to form ketone bodies directly - C\) Broken down by beta-oxidation into acetyl-CoA - D\) Stored in the liver **Answer: C) Broken down by beta-oxidation into acetyl-CoA**  What is acetyl-CoA\'s...

 How are free fatty acids processed by cells? - A\) Broken down by glycolysis - B\) Used to form ketone bodies directly - C\) Broken down by beta-oxidation into acetyl-CoA - D\) Stored in the liver **Answer: C) Broken down by beta-oxidation into acetyl-CoA**  What is acetyl-CoA\'s role in fatty acid metabolism? - A\) It is broken down into glucose - B\) It is released as free fatty acids - C\) It enters the citric acid cycle or undergoes ketogenesis - D\) It is excreted in the urine **Answer: C) It enters the citric acid cycle or undergoes ketogenesis**  During beta-oxidation, how many carbon atoms are removed from the end of a fatty acid chain to form acetyl-CoA? - A\) One - B\) Two - C\) Three - D\) Four **Answer: B) Two**  Where does ketogenesis primarily occur? - A\) In the liver - B\) In skeletal muscles - C\) In the kidneys - D\) In adipose tissue **Answer: A) In the liver**  What is the function of ketone bodies in skeletal muscle? - A\) They are converted to glucose - B\) They are stored as triglycerides - C\) They are used in the citric acid cycle to produce ATP - D\) They are converted into fatty acids **Answer: C) They are used in the citric acid cycle to produce ATP**  What can ketosis lead to if ketone bodies are produced in excess? - A\) Increased blood glucose levels - B\) Acidosis - C\) Muscle hypertrophy - D\) Hypoglycemia **Answer: B) Acidosis**  What is the primary use of amino acids in the body? - A\) Energy production - B\) Synthesis of proteins - C\) Formation of glucose - D\) Storage in adipose tissue\ **Answer: B) Synthesis of proteins**  How are amino acids stored in the body? - A\) They are stored in the liver - B\) They are stored in muscles - C\) They are not stored in the body - D\) They are stored as glycogen\ **Answer: C) They are not stored in the body**  How are non-essential amino acids formed? - A\) Through transamination, transferring an amine group to a keto acid - B\) By breaking down proteins - C\) Through oxidative deamination - D\) By converting urea\ **Answer: A) Through transamination, transferring an amine group to a keto acid**  What process do amino acids undergo when used for energy? - A\) Transamination - B\) Oxidative deamination - C\) Glycolysis - D\) Beta-oxidation\ **Answer: B) Oxidative deamination**  What are the by-products of oxidative deamination? - A\) Glucose and fatty acids - B\) Urea and amino acids - C\) Ammonia and ketoacids - D\) ATP and water\ **Answer: C) Ammonia and ketoacids**  What happens to ammonia produced during oxidative deamination? - A\) It is converted to urea and excreted - B\) It is used to synthesize proteins - C\) It is stored in the liver - D\) It is converted into energy\ **Answer: A) It is converted to urea and excreted**