HISTORY BSCE-1E.docx

"First voyage around the world" In Search of New Lands SILK ROAD ARAB-ITALIAN THE 3 MAJOR REASONS - ECONOMIC Porcelain, Silk, Spices, Fabric, Silks, Perfumes - POLITICAL - RELIGION IMPORTANT SPICES THAT EUROPEANS SOUGHT AFTER: - PEPPER - GINGER - NUTMEG - ONIONS - G...

"First voyage around the world" In Search of New Lands SILK ROAD ARAB-ITALIAN THE 3 MAJOR REASONS - ECONOMIC Porcelain, Silk, Spices, Fabric, Silks, Perfumes - POLITICAL - RELIGION IMPORTANT SPICES THAT EUROPEANS SOUGHT AFTER: - PEPPER - GINGER - NUTMEG - ONIONS - GARLIC WHY DO EUROPEANS NEED SPICES? - Used as Preservatives - Enhanced the taste of the food - For medical purposes The Portuguese were a few years ahead of the Spaniards in the discovery of new trade routes. PORTUGAL PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR - Gather experts to design maps, navigational equipment, and ships. BARTOLOME DIAZ -- Discover the "Cape of Good Hopes" VASCO DE GAMA -- The first who come in India SPAIN CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS -- an Italian who discover new world America that is now called "Bahamas". Marriage between **QUEEN ISABELL of CASTILE** and **KING FERDINAND of ARAGON II** resulted to in the rise of Spain as a world power. Inspired by the success of Portugal, Spain aspired to have a fair share in the spice trade. **May 3, 1943** -- **POPE ALEXANDER VI** issued a papal bull also known as the **Inter Caetera*.*** Spanish Zone of Exploration \- West of the imaginary line drawn north to south, 100 league west of the Azores and Cape Verde Islands Portugal Zone of Exploration \- All lands east of the demarcation line **Treaty of Tordesillas** -treaty between **Portugal and Spain in 1494** in which they decided to divide up all the land in the Americas between the two of them, no matter who was already living there. Move the demarcation line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands and still be guided by the provisions of the papal bull. **Ferdinand Magellan** -a Portuguese explorer who organized the Spanish expedition to the East Indies -his main objectives was to search for a new maritime path to the Spice Islands that would not violate Spain's Treaty with Portugal (Treaty of Tordesillas). -In 1505, Magellan, sailed with a fleet carrying the first Portuguese viceroy to the East Indies in 1506 and from there, was sent to Malacca in the Malay Peninsula and the spice markets of Ambon and Banda in Western Indonesia. -Magellan proposed to the King of portugal his plan to travel a westward route to the Moluccas. -Magellan presented his plan to King Charles I of Spain and got his support. **REDISCOVERY OF THE PHILIPPINES** Magellan left the port of San Lucar de Barrameda, Spain on **September 20, 1519** with around **235** men and five ships namely +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **SHIPS** | **CAPTAIN** | **\#OF MEN** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | ***Trinidad*** | **Ferdinand | **55** | | | Magellan** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | ***Concepcion*** | **Gaspar** | **45** | | | | | | | **de Quesada** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | ***Santiago*** | **Juan Serrano** | **32** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | ***San Antonio*** | **Juan** | **60** | | | | | | | **de Cartagena** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | ***Victoria*** | **Luis** | **43** | | | | | | | **de Mendoza** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ The expedition intended to circumnavigate the earth in the service of Spain **[Fr. Pedro de Valderrama]** -fleet chaplain/ religious leader **[Antonio Pigafetta]** -the author of the voyage/ chronicler of the expedition **[Duarte Barbosa]** -Magellan's brother-in-law **[Enrique-]** Malay slave acting as interpreter/ met in Indonesia **Magellan's new route to the EAST** **Sept. 26, 1519** - CANARIES **Nov. 29, 1519** -- PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL **Dec. 13, 1519** -- RIO DE JANEIRO **March 1520** -- PORT SAN JULIAN **August 1520** -- STRAIT OG MAGELLAN CAPE OF DESEADO **Nov.28, 1520** SANTIAGO sank and the SAN ANTONIO rebelled and headed back for spain. CROSSING THE PCIFIC Soldiers were ill to the extent of eating rats and drinking sea water. It took 3 months. Called it PACIFIC because it was very calm and peaceful. **LADRONES ISLAND (MARIANAS ISLANDS) MARCH 6, 1521** Known as the **land of robbers** because the native stole the small boat that went ashore **REDISCOVERY OF THE PHILIPPINES** First island: **Zamal** **March 16, 1521**. They saw the towering heights of Samar and named the island as **"Islas de San Lazaro"** - Present day: Samar - Encountered natives sailing to **"Zuluan"** - Encountrd a **drink called "uraca/arrack"** **(palm wine or coconut wine)** - Described the uses of coconut- oil,wine,vinegar,milk - [Natives are naked and are covered with tattoos] - Their natives where called **"balanghai"** Second Island: **Humuno** **March17, 1521** They landed on the small uninhabited islet of **Humunu (Homonhon)** found at the mouth of Leyte Gulf and built two tents for the sick. - Present day **"Homonhon Island, Eastern Samar** - Pigafetta described the place as **"Acquada dali beuni segnali"** (The Watering-place of Good Signs) - The island was inhabited - Resting and gathering fresh food and water **March 18, 1521** They met nine natives from the neighboring island of Suluan who arrived in a boat. **March 28, 1521** The fleet landed in Masao, Butuan, Agusan del Norte or Limasawa, island in Southern Leyte. **Rajah Kolambu** rowed to where the European were. Pigafetta's account on Magellan's voyage in the Philippine islands **Name of the place in the source** **Present name of the place** ------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ Zamal Samar Island Humuno Homonhon Island, Samar Mazzaua Limasawa, Leyte or Masao, Butuan?? Zubu Cebu Island Matan Mactan, Cebu **March 29, 1521** \- The rajah sealed their new friendship by means of kasi-kasi or blood compact ceremony. **March 31, 1521** -A mass was held with **Fr. Pedro de Valderrama** officiating. -Magellan named the country **Islas de San Lazaro.** **April 7, 1521** \- Magellan together with Rajah Kolambu and the Spanish and native fleets **landed on Sugbu (Cebu).** \- Humabon made a blood compact with Magellan after the latter had won his trust and friendship. **APRIL 14, 1521** - A mass on the shore of Cebu was held with Rajah Humabon and his people attending the ceremony. - Almost 800 locals were baptized - Pigafetta showed the Queen an image of our Lady, a very beautiful wooden child Jesus, and a cross - She asked for the little child Jesus to keep in place of her idols and this image of child Jesus is now known as the Sto. Nino found in Cebu. **Rajah Humabon** and **Datu Zula of Mactan** welcomed the Spaniards but not Lapu-lapu another chieftain of Mactan. Lapu-lapu's real name **Cali Pulacu** Lapu-lapu refused to accept the new political system and pay tribute. He decided to break away from Rajah Humabon. **Context of the battle** **Magellan *alliance*- Rajah Humabon Datu Zula** **\-\--*conflic*t lapulapu** **April 27, 1521** -Magellan invaded Mactan. -He led an army of **60 steel-clad Spaniards in three vessels and 1,000 Cebuano warrior in 30 boats**. Magellan was wounded in battle. **A poisoned arrow hit his right leg** and then a **bamboo spear struck his face.** **May 1, 1521-** the natives of Cebu carried out the plan to massacre them. **Juan Sebastian Elcano** **May 2, 1521** -- they abandoned and burned the ship Concepcion, the fleet reduced to Victoria and Trinidad fled westward to Palawan. **June 21, 1521** -- left Palawan and sailed to Borneo and eventually reached Moluccas Island. **December 18, 1521** -- they left Moluccas Island. Trinidad sprang a leak and unable to repair, was abandoned. **September 6, 1522** -- the Ship Victoria retuned to Spain after crossing the Indian and Atlantic Ocean. **GOING BACK TO SPAIN** **Nov. 8, 1521 --** TIDORE, MOLUCCAS **Sept. 6, 1522 --** SAN LUCAR, SPAIN **Relevance** - The Magellan expedition proves that the **earth is not flat but an oblate sphere.** - Magellan and his men completed the first circumnavigation of the world. - It confirmed that the Portuguese route is not the only ay to Spice Islands. - Bought to the attention of Europeans that on the other side of American continent exist a large body of water which they named **Mar Pacifico (Pacific Ocean).** - Enriched Philippine historiography because it contains important details about the Visayan Islands in the 16th century. - The prominent leaders were identifying, economic activities, social and cultural practices, and religious beliefs. - It is the main historical information about the beginning of Christianity in the Philippines. - It showed the reaction of the natives when they first met the Spaniards.