HI132 Midterm Study Sheet PDF

**Abacus** - - - - - - - - - **Antikythera Mechanism\*** - - - **Astrolabe\*** - - - - - **Pascaline** - - - - - **Leibniz's Calculator** - - - - - **Mechanical Office\*** - **Babbage/Lovelace/Difference and Analytical Engin...

**Abacus** - - - - - - - - - **Antikythera Mechanism\*** - - - **Astrolabe\*** - - - - - **Pascaline** - - - - - **Leibniz's Calculator** - - - - - **Mechanical Office\*** - **Babbage/Lovelace/Difference and Analytical Engines** - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - **Human computers** - - **Punch Cards** - - - - **Analogue Computers** - - - - - - **Herman Hollerith\'s tabulating machine** - - - **Z-Serie** - - - - - - - - - **IBM** **Bell Labs** **Harvard Mark 1** **Turing** **ABC** **Colossus** **ENIAC** **von Newman** **Eckert and Mauchly** **What role did mathematics play in ancient civilizations?** **What were the purpose of ancient devices such as abacus, the Antikythera mechanism or the astrolabe? Discuss their applications to calculation.** **Who were the human computers? What was their purpose?** **Explain the importance of Charles Babbage for the History of Computing. What were its most important contributions?** **How does computing fits into the larger context of the Industrial Revolution?** **What role did computers play in WWII? In what way(s) were they similar or different from previous computers?** **Explain the significance of the work done at Bletchley Park during the Second World War.** **What is the difference between ENIAC and UNIVAC? How Eckert and Mauchly were able to market their computer?** **Explain the significance of the transistor and the integrated circuit in the computing field.**