H.4 Chapter I Lesson 2 The Functions of Art PDF

Republic of the Philippines Bulacan State University City of Malolos AAH101d*: Reading Visual Art Unit Title Discovering Art and the Arts Title of the The Functions of Art Lesson Duration...

Republic of the Philippines Bulacan State University City of Malolos AAH101d*: Reading Visual Art Unit Title Discovering Art and the Arts Title of the The Functions of Art Lesson Duration 3 Hours In Aristotle’s view of reality, man is destined to attain a life of fulfilment and happiness. Being rational is the key to man’s happiness and function, it means that man can only be happy when he is rational, and when he is rational, he knows his function. Moreover, the function of things is both connected to thing’s identity. For example, what makes a table a table is the fact that it does meet its function, if a table does Introduction not have a surface on which we can put objects, then the table defeat its purpose. The same as for human being, what makes a human being is his capacity to think and that is his function. In contemporary life, function plays an important role because it determines what kind of thing a thing is. For a thing to attain its purpose, it also has to achieve its function. The Functions of Art The profound beauty of art lies on how it affects the people. Art understands and responds to human needs. Artists, the agents of art in all its beauty and goodness, continues to innovate and make something new in order satisfy man’s needs. Lesson Here are some of the functions of art that would inspire us to appreciate Proper the artists and move us with a sense of gratitude. 1. Personal. Everything happens for a reason. Artists in their open-mindedness have perceived human aspirations, jubilations, and miseries in the world. Their art reflects and echoes human experiences and social issues. Every artists and their works convey a powerful story and message that would inspire and encourage people to see, judge and act on a particular situation in life. Guillermo Tolentino who is famous for his monuments with marble and bronze figures Bonifacio Monument (1933, Caloocan City) and Lualhati (Undated, National Museum of Fine Arts Collection) once criticized for his use of the two Page 1 of 10  materials have reasoned: “Many have criticized me for refusing to carve monuments in cheap stone, and I explained, stone is swiftly marred by time, while marble and bronze are not.” 2. Social. The society is the venue for us to express our humanity and where different talents and gifts flourish. Artists were born and formed from different society. It is the society that motivates artists to be more and to do more. Artists demonstrate their innovative minds and talents so that people may be served, entertained and educated. Examples: Philippine museums, theaters, cultural centers, cultural heritages National Museum of Fine Arts (1918-1926) P. Burgos Drive, Rizal Park, Manila Architects: Ralph Harrington Doane, Antonio Mañalac Toledo Juan M. Arellano National Museum of Anthropology (1949) Architect: Antonio Mañalac Toledo Page 2 of 10  National Museum of Natural History (1940) Architect: Antonio Toledo Manila Metropolitan Theater (1931) Padre Burgos Avenue, Ermita, Manila Architect: Juan Arellano 3. Economic. The richness of culture and beauty of the arts in a particular society may bring human prosperity and nation’s development. Culture and the arts, preserved and promoted, can generate funds for the economy of a nation. Tourism and cultural heritage sites are attractions that can offer livelihood to individual citizens and society’s sustainable development. Example: Philippine banks, stock exchange center, shopping malls, pasalubong centers Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (1993) Roxas Boulevard, Manila Architect: Gabriel Formoso SM Megamall (1991) Ortigas Center, Mandaluyong, Philippines Architect: Antonio Sindiong & Arquitectonica Page 3 of 10 4. Historical. History involves significant personalities, events, places, and breakthroughs. All human cultures tell stories about the past. Deeds of ancestors, heroes, gods, or animals sacred to particular peoples were chanted and memorized long before there was any writing with which to record them. Artworks are historical in the sense that their truth and authenticity are based on the fact that all the persons or events they describe really existed or occurred at some time in the past. Examples: Public libraries, paintings of historical events, monuments and shrines of fallen heroes and historical figures (emperors, kings and queens, presidents) Capas National Shrine (2003) Barangay Aranguren, Capas, Tarlac The Shrine of Mary, Queen of Peace/Our Lady of EDSA (1989) EDSA corner Ortigas Avenue, Quezon City Architect: Francisco Mañosa Sculptors: Virginia Ty-Navarro (Our Lady’s bronze sculpture; 10.7 m × 3.5 m (35 ft × 11 ft)) Napoleon Abueva (14 Stations of the Cross/Marble Altar) Ramon Orlina (Risen Christ) Page 4 of 10  People Power Monument (1993) EDSA and White Plains Avenue, Quezon City Architect: Eduardo Castrillo 5. Political. The human person is a political being, elected for the well-being of the domestic society and state. The inter-related branches in the government, executive, legislative and judiciary, have particular edifices to better serve the common good. The arts – comic arts, radio, music, graphic arts – have been the media of every politician in every campaign period to voice their objectives and vision for the people. Example: The Constitution, presidential palaces, government agencies, houses of the senate and representatives, provincial capitols, municipal halls Malacañan Palace (1750’s) San Miguel, Manila, Metro Manila *1979 – remodeled by Architect Jorge Ramos Coconut Palace aka Tahanang Pilipino (1978) Roxas Boulevard, Pasay City, Metro Manila Architect: Francisco Mañosa Page 5 of 10  House of Representatives (1978) Batasan Hills, Quezon City Architect: Felipe Mendoza Senate of the Philippines (1998 – Present) GSIS Building, Pasay City, Metro Manila, Philippines Architect: Jorge Ramos Supreme Court Building (1914) Padre Faura St., Ermita, Manila Architect: William E. Parsons SANDIGANBAYAN Centennial Building (1978) Architect: Felipe Mendoza 6. Spiritual. St. Augustine of Hippo once said, “To fall in love with God is the greatest romance; to seek him the greatest adventure; to find him, the great est human achievement.” The human person is a spiritual being. A spiritual being is one who acknowledges, participates, and contemplates with God. Artists since the early days have acknowledged God as the fount and source of wisdom. In faith and gratitude to God and the hopes for eternal happiness, artists designed and build Page 6 of 10  sacred spaces, carved/cast images of angels and saints, composed solemn music, wrote sacred rites and prayers, sew clerical vestments, and crafted liturgical vessels ad maiorem Dei gloriam (for the greater glory of God). Example: Sacred spaces and shrines (basilicas, cathedrals, synagogue, mosques, temples), religious images, sacred books, sacred vessels and vestments, etc. San Agustin Church (1571) Gen. Luna St., Intramuros, Manila Architect: Juan Macias UNESCO World Heritage Site, 1993 Sheik Karimol Makhdum Mosque (1380) Simunul, Tawi-Tawi, BARMM 7. Cultural. Our culture defines who we are and what we are as a nation. It is our culture that unifies our respective arts and crafts, faith beliefs, languages, and norms. We preserve our culture so that young generations may continue a certain ingenuity and promote our culture annually by means of national or regional festivals. Examples: Government institutions and agencies on the promotion of arts and culture (NCCA, CCP), provincial and municipal cultural festivals, National Living Treasures (Manlilikha ng Bayan) ✓ The National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) is the overall policy making body, coordinating, and grants giving agency for the preservation, development and promotion of Philippine arts and culture; an executing agency for the policies it formulates; Page 7 of 10  and task to administering the National Endowment Fund for Culture and the Arts (NEFCA) — fund exclusively for the implementation of culture and arts programs and projects. ✓ Six (6) affiliated cultural agencies: 1. Cultural Center of the Philippines 2. Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino 3. National Archives of the Philippines 4. National Historical Commission of the Philippines 5. National Library of the Philippines 6. National Museum of the Philippines 8. Physical. It is the nature of man to preserve life and safeguard his being from any aggression. Man values his wellness and well-being in the family, in daily works or in recreation, in order to cater human necessities. Example: Residential houses, skyscrapers, hospitals and rehabilitation centers, hotels and restaurants, resorts and gyms, etc. Philippine Heart Center (1975) East Avenue, Quezon City, Metro Manila Architect: Jorge Ramos Manila Hotel (1912) Rizal Park, Ermita, Manila Philippine Islands First Five-Star Hotel Architect: William E. Parsons Page 8 of 10  The Aristocrat Restaurant (1936) Roxas Boulevard, Malate, Manila 2013 NHCP Historic Site 9. Aesthetic. Man is acquainted and enthusiastic in the realm of the beautiful, the awe-inspiring and possessing grandeur; of taste and contemplation on enjoyment and attraction. Man and woman in all ages have a relative concept in interpreting, representing, and expressing beauty. Artists and artisans have developed means and opportunities to entice and amaze people Example: Photography, interior decorations (old and modern houses), landscape architectures, recreational and amusement parks, urban planning, public arts (in commercial malls, universities, government buildings), interior and fashion design Time Sculpture (2021) SM Megamall, Ortigas Center, Mandaluyong Sculptor: Jefre Manuel Figueras Page 9 of 10  Studying the functions made us aware that art benefits and satisfy man. Truly, any kind of human creative activity, when directed to serve and transform things under the pattern of right reason, intention and Reflection/ purpose is an art. Learning Insights Hope this lesson will inspire you to be more as a Filipino student and do more in loving-service to the Filipinos. 1. The profound beauty of art lies on how it affects the people. Art understands and responds to human needs. 2. Everything happens for a reason. Artists in their open- mindedness have perceived human aspirations, jubilations, and miseries in the world. 3. Artworks are historical in the sense that their truth and Module/ authenticity are based on the fact that all the persons or events Lesson they describe really existed or occurred at some time in the past. Summary 4. We preserve our culture so that young generations may continue a certain ingenuity and promote our culture annually by means of national or regional festivals. 5. Man is acquainted and enthusiastic in the realm of the beautiful, the awe-inspiring and possessing grandeur; of taste and contemplation on enjoyment and attraction. Online Videos: 1. Ayala Museum Channel https://www.youtube.com/c/AyalaMuseumTV/featured References 2. (2017, February 18). Ang Malikhaing Pilipino - YouTube. Retrieved October 17, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tg952KFAQAg 3. (2014, March 24). Ano ang NCCA? - YouTube. Retrieved October 7, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ywWCGLUPG7Y Page 10 of 10