Global Migration: Lesson 3 - University of Southern Mindanao PDF

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO GROUP 4 LESSON 3: GLOBAL MIGRATION  Intended learning outcomes By the end of this topic/chapter, you must be able to: 1. Identify factors of Global Migration 2. Examine the problems encountered by the OFW 3. Explain the cost and benefits of the country’s...

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO GROUP 4 LESSON 3: GLOBAL MIGRATION  Intended learning outcomes By the end of this topic/chapter, you must be able to: 1. Identify factors of Global Migration 2. Examine the problems encountered by the OFW 3. Explain the cost and benefits of the country’s labor export policy Insert Running Title 2  lesson 3 : GLOBAL MIGRATION Global Migration is a situation in which people go to live in foreign countries, especially to find work. Most global migration is from developing countries to developed one. International migration has four components - “ the in - migration of persons to a country other than that of their place of birth or citizineship; the return migration of nationals to their home country after residing abroad; the out - migration of nationals from their home country; and out - migration of foreigners from a foreign country to which they had previously immigrated” (kritz 2008). Insert Running Title 3  Our primary concern in this section will be with the out - migration of nationals and their in - migration to their countries. There are interesting and important changes in the nature of today’s migrants. First, the proportion of international migrants from the developed world has actually declined. Second, there has been a large increase in number of migrants from the developing world Global. Insert Running Title 4 A. FACTORS OF GLOBAL MIGRATION Global Migration can be understood as a cause and effect relationship, though the causes just as numerous as the effects. People move across international boarders for a variety of reasons: Insert Running Title 5 *ECONOMIC FACTOR: Lack of employment opportunities or differentials in employment opportunities and wages, the lure of a well-paid job in a wealthy country is a powerful driver of international migration. *POLITICAL FACTORS: The unattractiveness of agricultural activities, disasters, lack of basic amenities(roads, electricity, portable water, and inadequate health care facilities) and industrial ventures in countries have also encouraged international migration. Insert Running Title 6 * SOCIAL FACTORS: Socially factors are things that affect someone's lifestyle. These could include wealth, religion, buying habits, educational level, family size and structure, and population density. Lack of educational institutions across developing countries has also tremendously contributed to the reasons for migration. * CULTURAL FACTORS: The idea of culture is vital to understanding the implications for translation and despite the differences of opinion as to whether language is a part of culture or not, the two are connected. Culture range from syntax, ideologies, religion, language and dialect, to art and literacy. Insert Running Title 7  B. Push and Pull factors of Migration Push and Pull factors of Migration are driven by the push of: *Conflict *Extreme hardship *War *Lack of economic opportunities Insert Running Title 8 Combined with the Pull of: * More jobs *The promise of a better life *Freedom to practice one's religion, etc. Push factor: "Reasons to leave"- are those that make people decide to leave their country and go somewhere else. Insert Running Title 9  Reasons why to leave their country: *Poverty *Unemployment *Fear of either political persecution or violent crime Insert Running Title 10  Most common Political and economic Push factor * Poor infrastructure *Famine often caused by bad crops or unfavorable weather condition * Lack of adequate medical care * High level of long term unemployment * Extreme poverty and lack of socioeconomic upward mobility * Few career and educational opportunities * Fear of high crime rates * Poor standard of living * Fear of political persecution that could even results in jail time Insert Running Title 11 Pull factors: "Reasons to Migrate- are the ones that make people decide to go to a different country. A useful way of thinking about Pull factors is what attracts migrants to go to a specific county. So the main Pull factors that attract migrants to the United States, Canada, Australia, and most prosperous European countries (Ramos, 2017). Insert Running Title 12  Most common Political and economic Pull factors * Better Infrastructure * Better healthcare and medical facilities such as hospitals * Better job and educational opportunities * Lower crime rates * Democratic political stability * A generally higher standard of living * More entertainment and better cultural options Insert Running Title 13 C. OVERSEAS FILIPINO WORKERS Insert Running Title 14 Overseas Filipino are people who trace their ancestry to the Philippines and who live reside outside of the Country. Insert Running Title 15  As of 2019, there are over 12 million overseas Filipinos. In recent years, the improvement of the economy attributed to their remittances further cemented their mark in the Philippines. To recognize their invaluable contribution to the Philippines, December each year is marked as the Month of Overseas Filipino through Insert Running Title 16 According to the Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA), Land-based Sea-besed work for a shipping company hired directly by an employer abroad or manning any kind of abroad, through the assistance of international the POEA or through a private and fishing/passenger/cargo vessels. licensed recruitment agency. 1,437,875 406,531 Total of 1,844,406 OFWs in 2015 Insert Running Title 17  COMMON CHALLENGE that OFWs face abroad and ways on how to cope with them. 1. Homesickness - One of the biggest challenges of the OFW in homesickness. It is distressing when they miss important events, special occasions and seeing their kids grow up. Good thing, nowadays, it is easy to communicate with their loved ones through Facebook ,Viber, or Skype. 2. Communication gap and culture difference - Working in another country, dealing with locales and communicating with them can be exhausting. It may take awhile to adjust and adapt, but don't stop learning their language and understanding their culture. There are lots of ways to do it, given that information is just in the tip of your fingers. Insert Running Title 18 3. Financial - Most Filipino think that working abroad will earn them big money but sometimes, they don't receive the high income that they expected. Since they send all of their families back home, they need to make sacrifices and even neglect their basic needs while living abroad. 4. Maltreatment and other possible risks - We have heard stories told by OFWs about how they where maltreated abroad. As OFW, keep these three things in mind: (a) know the location of Philippine Embassy; (b) know the nearest offices that oversee the needs of Filipino workers abroad; (c) can be aware of the Republic Act no. 10022. Insert Running Title 19  CHAPTER VI: Suatainable World Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of of this topic/chapter, you must be able to: 1. Describe sustainable development and differentiate stability and sustainability. 2. Determine each sustainable development goals and its impact. Insert Running Title 20  Lesson 1 : Sustainable Development Sustainable Development - is best descrive as the organizing principle for meeting human development goals while simultaneously sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystems services on, which the economy and society depends. - it is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Its driven by one particular need without fully considering the wider future impacts. Insert Running Title 21 - we already seeing the damage of this kind of approach which can cause from large-scale financial crises caused by irresponsible banking to changes in global climate resulting from our dependence on fossil fuel-based energy source. The longer we pursue unsustainable development the more frequent and severe its consequences are likely to become, which is why we need to take action now. Insert Running Title 22 Insert Running Title 23  A. Stability vs. Sustainability STABILITY Short-term stability, prioritized by governments and corporations, often relies on unsustainable practices like resource depletion. While this creates jobs and economic prosperity, it ignores potential future crises and avoids necessary, though potentially disruptive, changes. Insert Running Title 24 SUSTAINABILITY focuses on long-term well-being, encompassing environmental protection, social equity, and economic viability. It aims to meet current needs without harming future generations' ability to meet theirs, requiring a shift from wasteful "take-make- dispose" economies to efficient circular ones. Insert Running Title 25  B. Sustainable Development Goals The sustainable development goals are a call for action by all countries- poor, rich, and middle income- to promote prosperity while protecting the planet. They recognize that ending poverty must go hand-in-hand with strategies that build economic growth and address a range of social needs including education, health, social protection, and job opportunities, while tacling climate change and environmental protection. More important than ever, the goals provide critical framework for COVID-19 recovery. Insert Running Title 26 The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a collection of 17 global goals designed to be a “blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all”. The SDGs set in 2015 by the United Nation General Assembly and intended to be achieved by the year 2030, are part of UN Resolution 70/1, the 2030 Agenda. Insert Running Title 27  The Sustainable Development Goals are: 1. No Poverty 10. Reducig Inequality 2. Zero Hunger 11. Sustainable Cities and Communities 12. Responsible Consumption and Production 3. Good Health and Well-being 13. Climate Action 4. Quality Education 14. Life Below Water 5. Gender Equality 6. Clean Water and Sanitation 15. Life On Land 16. Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions 7. Affordable and Clean Energy 17. Partnerships for the Goals 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth 9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure Insert Running Title 28 The goals are broad based and interdependent. The objective was to produce a set of universal goals that meet the urgent environmental, political, and economic challenges facing our world. The 17 sustainable goals each has a list of targets which are measured with indicators. In an effort to make the SDGs successful, data on 17 goals has been made available in an easily- understood form. A variety of tools exist to tract and visualize progress towards the goals. Achieving the SDGs requires the partnershipm of governments, private sector, civil society and citizens alike to make sure we live a better planet for future generations. Insert Running Title 29 END! Insert Running Title 30