Gothic Architectural Terms PDF

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS GOTHIC ARCHIECTURE VOCABULARY Tracery –ornamental work of branchlike lines especially the lacy openwork in the upper part of the Gothic window Curvilinear tracery-Gothic tracery characterized Plate tracery- early Go...

GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS GOTHIC ARCHIECTURE VOCABULARY Tracery –ornamental work of branchlike lines especially the lacy openwork in the upper part of the Gothic window Curvilinear tracery-Gothic tracery characterized Plate tracery- early Gothic by pattern of irregular boldly curved forms. Also tracery formed by pierced called flowing tracery slabs of stone set on edge. Reticulated tracery-gothic The design is based on the tracery consisting mainly of a shape and disposition of netlike arrangement of the openings. Also called repeated geometric figures. perforated tracery. Also called net tracery Geometric tracery-characterized by a pattern of Intersecting tracery- geometric shapes such as circles and foils Perpendicular tracery- characterized by predominantly vertical gothic intersecting traceries tracery having mullions rising to the curve of the arch, crossed at the intervals by horizontal transom. Also called rectilinear tracery Crockets Finial 1  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS Triforium gallery- space above the nave Pinnacle - architectural element originally forming the cap or crown of a buttress or small turret, but afterwards used on parapets at the corners of towers and in many other situations. The pinnacle looks like a small spire. It was mainly used in Gothic architecture Chimera a statue which is formed of various monstrous body parts but is there purely for decorative purposes. Foil –any of several arcs or rounded spaces divided by cusps and tangent to the interior of a larger arc as of an arch or a circle; trefoil- having 3 foils; quatrefoil-4 foils; cinquefoil-5 foils; multifoil- more than 5 foils Foilation-ornamentation of an archway, window Or other openings with foils or representations Of foliage Cusp –a pointed projection formed by two Intersecting arcs used especially to vary the outlines of the intradoses or to form foils. Cuspidation – decoration with cusp. foil cusp Quatrefoil- four foils Cinquefoil-five foils 2  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS Trefoil-three foil Vaults-an arched covering in stone or brick over any building. The use of barrel vault was seen in Assyrian times at Tel Rimah during the 6th century. Groin – one of the curved lines of edges along which two intersecting vaults meet. Web- a surface framed by the ribs of the ribbed vault. Rib – any of the several arch-like members supporting a vault at groin, defining its distinct surfaces or dividing those surfaces into panels. Key – the keystone at the crown of the arch or at the intersection of two or more vaulting rib.. Ridge rib- a horizontal rib marking the crown of a vaulting compartment Arc doubleau- a rib spanning the longitudinal axis of a rib vault and dividing it into bays or compartments. Also called transverse rib. Tierceron- a rib spanning form a point Ogive- a rib of support on either side of the ogives crossing a or transverse ribs of a rib vault. Also compartment of called intermediate rib a rib vault on a Fomeret- a rib against the wall, diagonal. Also parallel to the longitudinal axis of the called diagonal rib vault. Also called wall vault. rib, groin rib. Pendant- a sculptured ornament suspended from the roof truss, vault or ceiling. Also called drop. Lierne- an ornamental vaulting rib other than one springing from a pier or a ridge rib. Conical vault-a vault having a circular cross Rampart vault-a vault springing Barrel vault- a vault section that is larger at one end than the other. from an abutment higher at having a semi circular onside than the other. cross section. Also called 3  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS cradle vault, tunnel vault, wagon vault. Groin vault- a compound vault formed by the Cloister vault-a compound perpendicular intersection of two vaults, forming vault formed by four coves arched diagonal arrises called groin. Also called meeting along diagonal vertical Annular vault- a barrel cross vault. planes. Also called cove vault vault having a circular plan in the shape of a ring. web Rib vault- a vault supported by or decorated with arched diagonal ribs. Also called ribbed vault. Types: quadripartite, sexpartite, fan vault Sexpartite vault- a rib vault divided into six compartments by two diagonal ribs and three transverse ribs. Quadripartite vault- a rib vault divided into four parts by intersecting diagonal web. Fan vaulting – vault composed of a number of concave conoldal sections, Stilted vault- a compound vault usually four, springing Tripartite vault- compound for covering a triangular space, formed by the intersection of having a narrower transverse from the corners of the vault springing from a higher vaulting compartment, three barrel vaults. level so that the ridges are at often decorated with ribs the same height. that radiate from the 4  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS springing line of the framework of a fan wheel window- a circular window whose mullions Rose window- a circular converge like spokes of a wheel. Also called window usually of stained Catherine window or marigold window. glass and decorated with tracery symmetrical about the centre. Stained glass –glass colored or stained having pigment baked onto its Lancet Arch- a pointed arch surface by having various having two centers and radii metallic oxides fused greater than the span while in molten state Fleche –a slender wooden spire on the roof especially at the crossing of a Gothic church. Spire-a tall acutely Western towers- paired towers tapering pyramidal constructed on the western structure surmounting a part of the Gothic Church. steeple or a tower. Niche –a recess on the wall, hollowed like a shell 5  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS for statue or ornament Boss –a projecting ornament at the intersection of the ribs of the ceiling whether vaulted or flat. CATHEDRAL- the principal church of a diocese containing the bishop’s throne called the cathedra PARTS OF GOTHIC CATHEDRAL Choir – the part of the church occupied by the singers of a choir, usually part of the chancel Retrochoir-a separate division behind the choir or high altar of a large church Lady chapel- a chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary usually located behind the high altar of a cathedral at the extremity of the apse High altar- the main altar of the church Presbytery- the part of the church reserved for the officiating clergy Close-an enclosed space especially the land surrounding or beside the cathedral Slype- a covered passage especially one between the transept and chapter house of a cathedral. Also alip Chapter house- the place where the chapter of the cathedral or monastery meets, usually a building attached to or a hall forming part of the cathedral or monastery Chapter-an assembly of the monks in a monastery, or the members of a religious orders Paradise- an atrium or cloister beside the church Cloister- covered walk having an arcade or colonnade on one side opening onto a courtyard 6  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS Garth- a courtyard or a quadrangle enclosed by a cloister. Also called cloister garth Allure- a walk or a passage along a cloister or behind the parapets of a castle. Galillee- small porch used as a chapel for penitents at the west end of some medieval and English churches. Also galillee porch chapels apse labyrinth 7  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS ambo Labyrinth Crypt- an underground chamber or vault used as a burial place, especially one beneath the main floor of the church. Chantry – a chapel endowed for saying of masses and prayers for the souls of the founders or of persons named by them. Labyrinth- a mazelike pattern inlaid in the pavement of a medieval church. Chapel- a separately dedicated part of the church for private prayer, meditation, or small religious services. Chevet-the rounded east end of a Gothic Cathedral including the apse of the ambulatory. Ambulatory- an aisle encircling the end of the choir or chancel of the church. Also called deambulatory. Rood- a crucifix symbolizing the cross on which Christ was crucifix, especially a large one set above the entrance to the choir or chancel of a medieval church. Rood screen- a screen often elaborately adorned and properly surmounted by rood, separating the chancm the nave of a medieval church. Parts of Castle 8  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS protect Archers whilst they fired upon besieging armies 1. Arrow slit was built as an additional outpost that served as extra protection to the Castle 2. Barbican entrance were small defensive walls at the top of a castle's main walls merlon consisted of parapet wall crenel with regular indentation to hide soldiers 3. Embattlement /crenellation crenel -the lowest portion let soldiers discharge arrows/missile at lowest portion merlon-the highest portion hide the soldiers 4. Drawbridge Draw bridge -was made of heavy wood that was commonly metal plated. A bridge, 5. Castle especially one over a gatehouse castle's moat , that is hinged at one end so that it may be raised to prevent people's crossing or to allow vessels to pass under it deep, wide canal surrounding a castle, fort, or town, typically 6. Moat filled with water and intended as a defense against attack. the outer defense of a castle or walled city, especially a double tower above a gate 7. Barbican or drawbridge. 9  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS a strong underground prison cell, especially in a castle 8. Dungeon 9. Keep/donjon strongest portion of the fortification of a castle, the place of last resort in case of siege... an opening in a medieval castle for dropping rocks or boiling water on an enemy. It's like a 10. Machicolation sneaky window in a castle that lets people drop stuff on their enemies to keep them from coming in. A murder hole or meurtrière is a hole in the ceiling of a gateway or passageway in a fortification through which the defenders could shoot, throw or 11. Murder holes pour harmful substances or objects such as rocks, arrows, scalding water, hot sand, quicklime, or boiling oil, down on attackers. highly effective quickly activated 12. Portcullis additional defenses for a castles main Gate entrance defensive boundary/wall of a castle 13. Ramparts 10  GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS Bailey a castle courtyard enclosed by walls where most of the day-to-day activities would take place – the stables, kitchens, storerooms, 14. Bailey living quarters of the people associated with the castle (soldiers and servants, for example), and perhaps a chapel would have been located there. a small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to 15. Turrets provide a projecting defensive position allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall in the days of military fortification. 16. Castle parts MEDIEVAL CASTLE PARTS 11 GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 12