Globalization Booklet 2 PDF

## Globalisation booklet 2 ### Switched on, and switched off places - **North Korea** is politically isolated from the rest of the world by choice. - **Citizens of North Korea** do not have access to the internet or social media. - There are no undersea data cables connecting North Korea. ### Bene...

## Globalisation booklet 2 ### Switched on, and switched off places - **North Korea** is politically isolated from the rest of the world by choice. - **Citizens of North Korea** do not have access to the internet or social media. - There are no undersea data cables connecting North Korea. ### Benefits with globalization - **Poverty reduction**: People moving from rural areas into urban areas. - As the cities industrialize, people get jobs in manufacturing. - In sectors such as Bangladesh and China, others get service jobs in India and the Philippines. - **Education and training**: Throughout Asia, education has improved. - ~2500 universities in China, India and South Korea. - China awards 30,000 PhDs in 2012. - **Infrastructure**: Modern motorcycles, high-speed rail and airports to major cities. - **Growing trend for high-rise development**: Outskirts of cities have cramped slums which home families on the lowest wages. ### Costs of Globalization - **Unethical economic practices**: Dangerous working conditions. - Child labor - Unequal pay for men and women. - **Environmental, resource pressure**: - TNC's moving into LIC have less environmental rules. - Forestland been destroyed for urbanization. - Nigeria's forests have halved in size. ### De-industrialised regions - **De-industrialization**: The decline of regionally important manufacturing industries. ### Detroit - Rust belt city - Population decline (¼ of what it was) - Lack of diverse industry - Relied on automotive industry - Outsourcing automotive took over - Social, racial tension - Riots - Poverty - White flight. White, more wealthy (move out). - Higher concentration of poor people. ### Rural-urban migration - Push and pull factors and natural increase help to grow megacities. - **Push:** - Poverty - Conflict - Natural disaster - Crop failure - Land subdivision - **Pull:** - Jobs - Healthier - Education - Housing - Safety - Bright lights ### Higher birth rate than death rates increases the population. ### Costs and benefits of migration - **Host region:** - **Benefits:** - Skill shortages (India doctors) - Migrants willing to do work that locals don't. - Spend wages in that country. - Establish new businesses. - **Costs:** - Lack of jobs or affordable housing - Shortages of education space - Visible changes to urban environment (cultural impact) - **Source region:** - **Benefits:** - Migrant remittances contribute to national earnings - Less public spending on housing - Migrants might return and bring new skills back - **Costs:** - Loss of key workers (doctors) - Reduced economic growth - More elderly population