GIT Lec 1 Overview & Surface Anatomy PDF

Lecture 1: Overview & Surface Anatomy Gastrointestinal Anatomy Miss JM de Lange Division of Clinical Anatomy [email protected] Room 4020, Level 4, Tygerberg Campus  GIT Anatomy: Overview 1. MACROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WA...

Lecture 1: Overview & Surface Anatomy Gastrointestinal Anatomy Miss JM de Lange Division of Clinical Anatomy [email protected] Room 4020, Level 4, Tygerberg Campus  GIT Anatomy: Overview 1. MACROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL Surface anatomy Anterior abdominal wall including the Inguinal canal 2. MACROSCOPIC STRUCTURE ORAL CAVITY, TONGUE, PHARYNX, MANDIBLE Oral cavity and Tongue Pharynx, TMJ 3. PERITONEAL CAVITY AND EMBRYOLOGY Concepts (omentum, bursae, gutters, fossae) Embryology of foregut, midgut and hindgut 4. MACROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT Oesophagus, Stomach, Small & Large intestines 5. MACROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF THE ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE ORGANS Pancreas, Liver, Gall bladder, Spleen  What is surface anatomy? GIT Anatomy: Outcomes What are the surface anatomy landmarks? (Bony (And why these are important to your and soft tissue?) learning process…) What are the regions being referred to? Content of each region? Anterior Abdominal wall Describe and identify the surface anatomy of the anterior abdominal wall, and the organs and structures in relation to each region. Name and identify the structures forming the layers of the anterior abdominal wall. Name and identify the structures involved in the formation of the rectus sheath above and below the umbilicus Name and identify the anatomical structures involved in the formation of the inguinal canal. Explain the blood supply, segmental nervous supply and lymph drainage of the anterior abdominal wall.  GIT Anatomy: Outcomes Specific GIT Anatomy objectives and outcomes MACROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL Outcomes At the end of these sessions, you should be able to do the following: 1. Describe and identify the surface anatomy of the anterior abdominal wall, and the organs and structures in relation to each region. 2. Name and identify the structures forming the layers of the anterior abdominal wall. 3. Name and identify the structures involved in the formation of the rectus sheath, and explain the composition thereof. 4. Explain the development of the inguinal canal. 5. Name and identify the structures involved in the formation of the inguinal canal. 6. Name and identify the contents of the inguinal canal and the contents of the spermatic cord. 7. Explain the blood supply, segmental nervous supply and lymph drainage of the antero-lateral abdominal wall.  Surface anatomy Projection of deep structures on the surface of the body Use landmarks on surface of the body to describe position e.g. ASIS, pubic tubercle, umbilicus etc. Additional methods: – Head: Orbital, buccal, temporal regions etc. – Neck: Triangles – Abdomen: 9 divisions  Midclavicular plane Transpyloric plane (L1) Subcostal plane (L2/3) Transtubercular plane (L5) Interspinous plane  Midclavicular plane Right & left hypochondrium Epigastric Left & right lumbar Umbilical Left & right Inguinal Hypogastric Transpyloric plane (L1) Subcostal plane (L2/3) Transtubercular plane (L5) Interspinous plane Anatomical events on transpyloric plane Transpyloric plane (L1) – Hila of the kidneys – Pylorus of the stomach – Neck of pancreas – Fundus of the gall bladder – Origin of the superior mesenteric artery – Renal veins – Portal vein – Duodenojejenal junction Midclavicular plane Median plane Transpyloric plane (L1) Subcostal plane (L2/3) Transumbilical (L3) Transtubercular plane (L5) Interspinous plane Please no not dissect the genitalia or the femoral triangle