Georgia's Role in the Civil War PDF

Georgia’s Role in the Presentation, Graphic Organizers, & Activities  STANDARDS: SS8H5 Analyze the impact of the Civil War on Georgia. b. Explain Georgia’s role in the Civil War; include the Union blockade of Georgia’s coast, the Emancipati...

Georgia’s Role in the Presentation, Graphic Organizers, & Activities  STANDARDS: SS8H5 Analyze the impact of the Civil War on Georgia. b. Explain Georgia’s role in the Civil War; include the Union blockade of Georgia’s coast, the Emancipation Proclamation, Chickamauga, Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign, Sherman’s March to the Sea, and Andersonville. © Brain Wrinkles  TEACHER INFO: CLOZE Notes The next pages are handouts for the students to use for note-taking during the presentation. (Print front to back to save paper and ink.) Check the answers as a class after the presentation. © Brain Wrinkles  Confederacy After Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, seven _________________________________ from the Union. Lincoln was firmly against the spread of slavery, and Southerners were worried that he would eventually _________________________________. The Southern states formed the _________________________________ and elected Jefferson Davis as president of the Confederacy. Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as the U.S.’ _________________________________ on March 4, 1861. Lincoln’s goal was to “_________________________________ ” and he asked the Southern states to consider rejoining. He addressed the slavery issue by stating that he _________________________________ with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists.” It was not enough, though, and the Civil War officially began when Confederate troops opened _________________________________ on April 12, 1861. Fort Sumter Fort Sumter was a Union fort that protected the _________________________________ , South Carolina. The Union forces inside Fort Sumter were already _________________________________ and food, so they surrendered the next day. _________________________________ during the actual battle; however, one person was killed in a 50-gun salute to the flag. © Brain Wrinkles  Blockade In response, Union leaders quickly set up a _________________________________ in order to cutoff Confederate commerce and weaken the South. Union ships lined the southern coast and would not let any Confederate _________________________________. Occasionally, blockade _________________________________ and were able to make it to Europe to trade for supplies. In April 1862, Union soldiers landed on Tybee Island and _________________________________ , the fort protecting Savannah. Once the brick fort was obliterated, the North was _________________________________ the important port of Savannah. Hardly any Confederate ships could make it _________________________________. Emancipation Five days after the Union victory in the Battle of Antietam, President Lincoln issued the _________________________________. This _________________________________ in states fighting against the Union. Lincoln’s proclamation _________________________________ of the Civil War from preserving the Union to freeing the slaves. For Southerners, the Emancipation Proclamation was final proof that the _________________________________ the southern way of life. Northern abolitionists saw the emancipation of slaves as a great victory, and now had a valuable _________________________________. With the proclamation, President Lincoln made it clear that the Union’s purpose was now to _________________________________. The Emancipation Proclamation also invited _________________________________ the Union army. Many African Americans enlisted and _________________________________ , aware that they were fighting for the freedom of their people. As the Union Army freed slaves, an estimated _________________________________ joined the Union against the Confederates. © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia Georgia was _________________________________ during the first two years of the Civil War. The Union soon realized that _________________________________ would mean defeat for the Confederacy. In 1863, Georgia _________________________________ for the Union. Chickamauga After capturing Chattanooga, a railroad center in Tennessee, _________________________________ marched south into Georgia on September 18, 1863. 66,000 Confederates fought against the Union soldiers along _________________________________ for two days. After 16,000 men were killed from both sides, the _________________________________ back to Tennessee. The Battle of Chickamauga was a very important _________________________________ and it became the largest Union defeat. Atlanta Campaign In 1864, _________________________________ moved his Union Army south from Tennessee to Atlanta. They fought Confederate soldiers along the way, leaving a _________________________________ and chaos. On September 2, 1864, Sherman’s troops _________________________________ and set the city on fire. Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign marked the _________________________________ of the Civil War. March to the Sea The next day, Sherman split his army in two and continued his “_________________________________ ” from Atlanta to Savannah. Sherman instructed his soldiers to _________________________________ and plantations along the way in order to crush the remaining fighting spirit in the South. Half of Sherman’s army marched through Decatur, Covington, Eatonton, and _________________________________ , while the other half traveled through _________________________________ and Gordon. The two groups _________________________________ and headed on to Savannah. Sherman’s march cut Confederate supply lines and _________________________________ of the Confederate army. Union troops captured Savannah on December 21, 1864, and Sherman presented the city of Savannah to Abraham Lincoln as a _________________________________. The _________________________________ in April 1865. © Brain Wrinkles  Andersonville One of the most notorious sites of the Civil War was the _________________________________ in Andersonville, Georgia. More than _________________________________ soldiers were sent to the overcrowded camp. Conditions Inside the prison, there was _________________________________ to eat and the only water source was a filthy stream that flowed through the camp. Prisoners _________________________________ with few clothes and had to construct their own shelters made from sticks, cloth scraps, and mud. Living _________________________________ and many suffered from starvation, disease, and insect attacks. Prison Camp The prison was overcrowded and unsanitary, and over _________________________________ died of disease and starvation. Prisoners lacked _________________________________ inside Andersonville’s walls. The camp had the _________________________________ of any Civil War prison. After the war, the Union _________________________________ , Major Henry Wirz. © Brain Wrinkles  Confederacy After Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, seven Southern states seceded from the Union. Lincoln was firmly against the spread of slavery, and Southerners were worried that he would eventually destroy their livelihood. The Southern states formed the Confederate States of America and elected Jefferson Davis as president of the Confederacy. Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as the U.S.’ 16th president on March 4, 1861. Lincoln’s goal was to “preserve the Union” and he asked the Southern states to consider rejoining. He addressed the slavery issue by stating that he would not “interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists.” It was not enough, though, and the Civil War officially began when Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861. Fort Sumter Fort Sumter was a Union fort that protected the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. The Union forces inside Fort Sumter were already low on ammunition and food, so they surrendered the next day. Nobody was killed during the actual battle; however, one person was killed in a 50-gun salute to the flag. © Brain Wrinkles  Blockade In response, Union leaders quickly set up a blockade of Southern ports in order to cutoff Confederate commerce and weaken the South. Union ships lined the southern coast and would not let any Confederate ships in or out. Occasionally, blockade runners snuck through and were able to make it to Europe to trade for supplies. In April 1862, Union soldiers landed on Tybee Island and captured Fort Pulaski, the fort protecting Savannah. Once the brick fort was obliterated, the North was able to blockade the important port of Savannah. Hardly any Confederate ships could make it in or out of Georgia. Emancipation Five days after the Union victory in the Battle of Antietam, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. This freed all slaves in states fighting against the Union. Lincoln’s proclamation shifted the focus of the Civil War from preserving the Union to freeing the slaves. For Southerners, the Emancipation Proclamation was final proof that the North would destroy the southern way of life. Northern abolitionists saw the emancipation of slaves as a great victory, and now had a valuable reason to fight. With the proclamation, President Lincoln made it clear that the Union’s purpose was now to free the slaves. The Emancipation Proclamation also invited former slaves to join the Union army. Many African Americans enlisted and fought bravely, aware that they were fighting for the freedom of their people. As the Union Army freed slaves, an estimated 3,500 black Georgians joined the Union against the Confederates. © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia Georgia was free from major battles during the first two years of the Civil War. The Union soon realized that destroying Atlanta would mean defeat for the Confederacy. In 1863, Georgia became a target for the Union. Chickamauga After capturing Chattanooga, a railroad center in Tennessee, 58,000 Union troops marched south into Georgia on September 18, 1863. 66,000 Confederates fought against the Union soldiers along Chickamauga Creek for two days. After 16,000 men were killed from both sides, the Union army retreated back to Tennessee. The Battle of Chickamauga was a very important Confederate victory and it became the largest Union defeat. Atlanta Campaign In 1864, General William Tecumseh Sherman moved his Union Army south from Tennessee to Atlanta. They fought Confederate soldiers along the way, leaving a path of destruction and chaos. On September 2, 1864, Sherman’s troops captured Atlanta and set the city on fire. Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign marked the beginning of the end of the Civil War. March to the Sea The next day, Sherman split his army in two and continued his “March to the Sea” from Atlanta to Savannah. Sherman instructed his soldiers to destroy any towns and plantations along the way in order to crush the remaining fighting spirit in the South. Half of Sherman’s army marched through Decatur, Covington, Eatonton, and Milledgeville, while the other half traveled through Jonesboro and Gordon. The two groups met in Sandersville and headed on to Savannah. Sherman’s march cut Confederate supply lines and crushed the spirit of the Confederate army. Union troops captured Savannah on December 21, 1864, and Sherman presented the city of Savannah to Abraham Lincoln as a Christmas gift. The Confederacy surrendered in April 1865. © Brain Wrinkles  Andersonville One of the most notorious sites of the Civil War was the Confederate prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia. More than 45,000 captured Union soldiers were sent to the overcrowded camp. Conditions Inside the prison, there was barely any food to eat and the only water source was a filthy stream that flowed through the camp. Prisoners lived outside with few clothes and had to construct their own shelters made from sticks, cloth scraps, and mud. Living conditions were terrible and many suffered from starvation, disease, and insect attacks. Prison Camp The prison was overcrowded and unsanitary, and over 13,000 of the captives died of disease and starvation. Prisoners lacked life’s basic necessities inside Andersonville’s walls. The camp had the highest death rate of any Civil War prison. After the war, the Union executed the prison’s commander, Major Henry Wirz. © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia’s Role in the https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hGu2NyCAkE © Brain Wrinkles  After Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, seven Southern states seceded from the Union. Lincoln was firmly against the spread of slavery, and Southerners were worried that he would eventually destroy their livelihood. The Southern states formed the Confederate States of America and elected Jefferson Davis as president of the Confederacy. © Brain Wrinkles  Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated as the U.S.’ 16th president on March 4, 1861. Lincoln’s goal was to “preserve the Union” and he asked the Southern states to consider rejoining. He addressed the slavery issue by stating that he would not “interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists.” It was not enough, though, and the Civil War officially began when Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861. © Brain Wrinkles  Fort Sumter was a Union fort that protected the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. The Union forces inside Fort Sumter were already low on ammunition and food, so they surrendered the next day. Nobody was killed during the actual battle; however, one person was killed in a 50-gun salute to the flag. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cv-pTU99RcY © Brain Wrinkles  Fort Sumter (before the Civil War) © Brain Wrinkles  Whitworth Rifles in defense of Charleston. © Brain Wrinkles  In response, Union leaders quickly set up a blockade of Southern ports in order to cutoff Confederate commerce and weaken the South. Union ships lined the southern coast and would not let any Confederate ships in or out. Occasionally, blockade runners snuck through and were able to make it to Europe to trade for supplies. © Brain Wrinkles  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-ou9I3R2Eg © Brain Wrinkles  Union Battleship off of Georgia’s Coast © Brain Wrinkles  In April 1862, Union soldiers landed on Tybee Island and captured Fort Pulaski, the fort protecting Savannah. Once the brick fort was obliterated, the North was able to blockade the important port of Savannah. Hardly any Confederate ships could make it in or out of Georgia. © Brain Wrinkles  Fort Pulaski Bombardment © Brain Wrinkles  Fort Pulaski Bombardment © Brain Wrinkles  Five days after the Union victory in the Battle of Antietam, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. This freed all slaves in states fighting against the Union. Lincoln’s proclamation shifted the focus of the Civil War from preserving the Union to freeing the slaves. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles  For Southerners, the Emancipation Proclamation was final proof that the North would destroy the southern way of life. Northern abolitionists saw the emancipation of slaves as a great victory, and now had a valuable reason to fight. With the proclamation, President Lincoln made it clear that the Union’s purpose was now to free the slaves. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles  The Emancipation Proclamation also invited former slaves to join the Union army. Many African Americans enlisted and fought bravely, aware that they were fighting for the freedom of their people. As the Union Army freed slaves, an estimated 3,500 black Georgians joined the Union against the Confederates. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6RABxiwqXo © Brain Wrinkles  Many fugitive slaves fled to the Union Army. They were officially freed with the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWr Q5VBZi2E © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia was free from major battles during the first two years of the Civil War. The Union soon realized that destroying Atlanta would mean defeat for the Confederacy. In 1863, Georgia became a target for the Union. © Brain Wrinkles  After capturing Chattanooga, a railroad center in Tennessee, 58,000 Union troops marched south into Georgia on September 18, 1863. 66,000 Confederates fought against the Union soldiers along Chickamauga Creek for two days. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles  After 16,000 men were killed from both sides, the Union army retreated back to Tennessee. The Battle of Chickamauga was a very important Confederate victory and it became the largest Union defeat. © Brain Wrinkles  In 1864, General William Tecumseh Sherman moved his Union Army south from Tennessee to Atlanta. They fought Confederate soldiers along the way, leaving a path of destruction and chaos. © Brain Wrinkles  Union General William Tecumseh Sherman © Brain Wrinkles  General Sherman & His Officers in Atlanta © Brain Wrinkles  On September 2, 1864, Sherman’s troops captured Atlanta and set the city on fire. Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign marked the beginning of the end of the Civil War. © Brain Wrinkles  Atlanta’s Peachtree Street after Sherman © Brain Wrinkles  Destroyed Train Roundhouse in Atlanta © Brain Wrinkles  The next day, Sherman split his army in two and continued his “March to the Sea” from Atlanta to Savannah. Sherman instructed his soldiers to destroy any towns and plantations along the way in order to crush the remaining fighting spirit in the South. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles  Sherman’s Men Destroying Georgia’s Railroads © Brain Wrinkles  Half of Sherman’s army marched through Decatur, Covington, Eatonton, and Milledgeville, while the other half traveled through Jonesboro and Gordon. The two groups met in Sandersville and headed on to Savannah. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles  Sherman’s march cut Confederate supply lines and crushed the spirit of the Confederate army. Union troops captured Savannah on December 21, 1864, and Sherman presented the city of Savannah to Abraham Lincoln as a Christmas gift. The Confederacy surrendered in April 1865. © Brain Wrinkles  Sherman Estimated the Property Damage at $100 million © Brain Wrinkles  One of the most notorious sites of the Civil War was the Confederate prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia. More than 45,000 captured Union soldiers were sent to the overcrowded camp. © Brain Wrinkles  Andersonville Prison © Brain Wrinkles  Inside the prison, there was barely any food to eat and the only water source was a filthy stream that flowed through the camp. Prisoners lived outside with few clothes and had to construct their own shelters made from sticks, cloth scraps, and mud. Living conditions were terrible and many suffered from starvation, disease, and insect attacks. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles  Andersonville Prison © Brain Wrinkles  The prison was overcrowded and unsanitary, and over 13,000 of the captives died of disease and starvation. Prisoners lacked life’s basic necessities inside Andersonville’s walls. The camp had the highest death rate of any Civil War prison. After the war, the Union executed the prison’s commander, Major Henry Wirz. © Brain Wrinkles  Georgia’s Role in the https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9Yh_QRTyNU © Brain Wrinkles  TEACHER INFO: Civil War Timeline Print off the Civil War Timeline graphic organizer for each student. After the presentation, have the students summarize what happened on each date in the chart (use CLOZE notes). They should also include a symbol to help them remember each important event. Check answers as a class to be sure that everyone has sufficient information in each box. © Brain Wrinkles  Timeline Directions: Complete the timeline chart below with information from the presentation. Please summarize the event that occurred on each date in your own words. Include a symbol to accompany each event. Date Event Symbol February 1861 April 1861 April 1862 September 22 1862 September 18 1863 November 1864 December 1864 April 1865 © Brain Wrinkles  Timeline Directions: Complete the timeline chart below with information from the presentation. Please summarize the event that occurred on each date in your own words. Include a symbol to accompany each event. Date Event Symbol February Seceded Southern states formed a new nation called the Will vary 1861 Confederate States of America April 1861 First conflict of the Civil War began when the Confederates Will vary captured Fort Sumter in South Carolina April 1862 Union soldiers captured Fort Pulaski which put Savannah’s port Will vary under the Union blockade September Lincoln issued a statement that the Emancipation Proclamation, a Will vary 22 1862 declaration to free slaves in Confederate states, was being written and would be forthcoming. September Battle of Chickamauga occurred in GA; largest Union defeat; Will vary 18 1863 second bloodiest battle of the Civil War November Sherman’s troops participated in the Atlanta Campaign; looted the Will vary 1864 city, set it on fire, and left a trail of destruction December Sherman’s March to the Sea reached Savannah; Sherman gave Will vary 1864 Savannah to President Lincoln for Christmas April 1865 Confederacy surrendered at Appomattox; Civil War ended Will vary © Brain Wrinkles  TEACHER INFO: Memorable Marker Print off the Memorable Marker handout for each student. The students will create a historical marker for the Emancipation Proclamation to tell tourists the purpose and significance of what happened. They will need to include an illustration of the event, as well as a description of what happened and why it was important. © Brain Wrinkles  Directions: Design a historical marker for President Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation to tell tourists the significance of what happened at the location. In the textbox, explain the purpose and significance of the proclamation. © Brain Wrinkles  TEACHER INFO: Chickamauga Snapshot Print out the Chickamauga Snapshot handout for each student. In the camera lens, the students will draw the Battle of Chickamauga. In the textbox, the students will write a paragraph from their perspective of the event—as if they were right there capturing the picture. © Brain Wrinkles  Directions: In the camera lens, draw the Battle of Chickamauga. In the textbox, write a paragraph from your perspective of the event—as if you were right there capturing the picture on camera. In the viewfinder, write the event title. © Brain Wrinkles  *Here are extra textboxes for the paragraphs. Students (who need more room for writing) cut these out and staple once on top of the camera textbox. This will create a flap-style book on the camera. © Brain Wrinkles  TEACHER INFO: Sherman’s Emojis Print out the General Sherman’s Emojis handout for each student. The students will draw emojis to represent Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign and his March to the Sea. In the textbox, the students will write how each emoji is significant to the events. © Brain Wrinkles Directions: Draw emojis that you think represent Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign and his March to the Sea. Color the emojis that you picked. (There are NO wrong answers; however, you must be able to explain your choices!) In the textbox, explain the significance of each emoji and how it relates to the topic. Atlanta Campaign March to the Sea © Brain Wrinkles  TEACHER INFO: A Prisoner’s Postcard Print out the Prisoner’s Postcard handout for each student. The students will imagine that they are captured Union soldiers in the Andersonville prison camp. They will write a short note to their family describing what life is like inside the camp(as if they were there). On the front, they will draw an illustration to represent the camp. If time allows, the students can cut out the cards and tape the front to the back like an actual postcard. © Brain Wrinkles  Directions: Imagine that you are a capture Union solder in the Andersonville prison camp. Write a short note to your family describing what life is like inside the camp. On the front, draw an illustration to represent the camp.. © Brain Wrinkles  TEACHER INFO: Comprehension Check Print off the Comprehension Check for each student. (Print front-to-back to save paper.) The students will complete this handout at the end of the lesson. You can count this as a quiz! © Brain Wrinkles  1. When Southern states left the Union, they formed a new nation called: 2. Which event was the first conflict of the Civil War? 3. How did the Union’s naval blockades impact the South? 4. Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation? 5. Explain the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation: 6. Why was the Emancipation Proclamation significant to the Union? 7. What was the first Civil War battle on Georgia soil? 8. What was the Atlanta Campaign? 9. Why did the Union want to capture Atlanta? 10. What type of destruction did General Sherman’s army cause on their “March to the Sea”? 11. What did General Sherman present to President Lincoln as a Christmas gift? 12. What was the location of the Confederate military prison camp with the highest death rate of any Civil War prison? 13. Why did 13000 Union soldiers die in this prison? © Brain Wrinkles  1. When Southern states left the Union, they formed a new nation called: Confederate States of America 2. Which event was the first conflict of the Civil War? The Confederate capture of Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina 3. How did the Union’s naval blockades impact the South? Caused a scarcity of available goods in Southern states, limited the export of cotton to Europe, weakened economies of Southern states 4. Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation? Abraham Lincoln 5. Explain the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation: Declared all slaves in rebel Confederate states to be free & allowed freed blacks to enlist in the Union army 6. Why was the Emancipation Proclamation significant to the Union? Changed the focus of the war to freeing slaves; gave many Northerners a reason to fight 7. What was the first Civil War battle on Georgia soil? Battle of Chickamauga 8. What was the Atlanta Campaign? The Union’s effort to capture Atlanta, led by General Sherman 9. Why did the Union want to capture Atlanta? Railroads and factories were vital to Confederacy 10. What type of destruction did General Sherman’s army cause on their “March to the Sea”? Destroyed towns, plantations, railroads, etc. 11. What did General Sherman present to President Lincoln as a Christmas gift? City of Savannah 12. What was the location of the Confederate military prison camp with the highest death rate of any Civil War prison? Andersonville, Georgia 13. Why did 13000 Union soldiers die in this prison? Starvation, disease, insect attacks due to overcrowded, unsanitary living conditions © Brain Wrinkles  TEACHER INFO: Ticket Out the Door Print off the Ticket Out the Door for each student (two-per-page). The students will reflect on what they have learned about the Civil War and its effects on the United States. The students will make a prediction(s) about what they think life will be like for the newly-freed African-Americans. Will they be able to exercise their new rights? How will they be treated in the North? South? *This is a good way to lead into Reconstruction. You can save their predictions and share them when discussing that topic. © Brain Wrinkles Name: Name: What do you think life will be like for African-Americans What do you think life will be like for African-Americans now that they are free from slavery? Will they be able to now that they are free from slavery? Will they be able to exercise their new freedoms? Write a prediction about exercise their new freedoms? Write a prediction about your thoughts. your thoughts. © Brain Wrinkles © Brain Wrinkles Thank you so much for downloading this file. I sincerely hope you find it helpful and that your students learn a lot from it! I look forward to reading your feedback in my store. If you like this file, you might want to check out some of my other products that teach social studies topics in creative, engaging, and hands-on ways. 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