General Chemistry - Radioactivity and Light PDF

GENERAL CHEMISTRY RADIOACTIVITY AND LIGHT JOSE ALEJANDRO D HUMIGOP RADIOACTIVITY  NATURE OF RADIOACTIVITYY Radioactivity is the process by which unstable atomic nuclei release energy by emitting radiation. This occurs because the nucleus has an imbalance of protons and neutron...

GENERAL CHEMISTRY RADIOACTIVITY AND LIGHT JOSE ALEJANDRO D HUMIGOP RADIOACTIVITY  NATURE OF RADIOACTIVITYY Radioactivity is the process by which unstable atomic nuclei release energy by emitting radiation. This occurs because the nucleus has an imbalance of protons and neutrons, making it unstable. MAJOR FORMS OF RADIOACTIVITY  ALPHA PARTICLE (Α) The first is called an alpha particle, which is symbolized by the Greek letter α. An alpha particle is composed of two protons and two neutrons  BETA PARTICLE (Β) The second type of radioactive emission is called a beta particle, which is symbolized by the Greek letter β. A beta particle is an electron ejected from the nucleus GAMMA RADIATION (Y) The third major type of radioactive emission is not a particle but a very energetic form of electromagnetic radiation called gamma rays, symbolized by the Greek letter γ. Electromagnetic radiation can be characterized into different categories based on the wavelength and photon energies.  ISOTOPES Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. Some isotopes are stable, while others are radioactive (radioisotopes). TYPES OF RADIOACTIVITY DECAY Alpha Decay Beta decay Gamma Decay Positro emission  HALF LIFE The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time it takes for half of a sample of the isotope to decay. It is a measure of the rate of decay and is unique to each radioisotope. APPLICATIONS OF RADIOACTIVITY Medicine Energy Industrial Applications LIGHT  LIGHT What we know as light is more properly called electromagnetic spectrum. We know from experiments that light acts as a wave. As such, it can be described as having a frequency and a wavelength.  The wavelength of light is the distance between corresponding points in two adjacent light cycles, and the frequency of light is the number of cycles of light that pass a given point in one second.  INTERACTION WITH LIGHT Absorption Emission Reflection and Refraction PHOTOCHEMISTRY Photochemistry involves chemical reactions that are driven by light. When molecules absorb photons, their electrons may be excited to higher energy levels, leading to reactions like photosynthesis, photodissociation, and photopolymerization. THANK YOU! I hope you learn something new today!