Gender and Sexuality Through Time: A Historical Overview PDF

Gender and Sexuality across time Instructor: Jang Giane Carla G. Taule OBJECTIVES: Discuss the historical roots of our understanding of gender and sexuality; Show appreciation of how this understanding evolved through time affected various aspect of human life. Definition of Terms: Patriarch...

Gender and Sexuality across time Instructor: Jang Giane Carla G. Taule OBJECTIVES: Discuss the historical roots of our understanding of gender and sexuality; Show appreciation of how this understanding evolved through time affected various aspect of human life. Definition of Terms: Patriarchy is a social system where men primarily holds power in the political and the private sphere. Feminism is a continuing series of social movements that aim to challenge the patriarchal society that creates these oppressive political structures, beliefs, and practices against women. Society has progressed so much in a way that information and knowledge is available to everyone. Historical accounts shows that across time humans’ conception of gender and sexuality has also changed. Divine Feminine concept is sacredness of the woman due to her ability to conceive children and prevailed that woman are equally treated with man. Egalitarian makes the societies men and woman have equitable power and roles. Patriarchy Paternity (fatherhood/role of the father) Structure that upholds male supremacy in the law, home, work place, and in society. From a Greek word Patriarkhes means “the rule of the father” Primarily where men holds power in the political and private sphere.  In the social system, society is organized and maintained in a way that men rule over women and their children. In the social, legal, political, and economic spheres men are expected to lead while women are expected to obey and relegated to house chores, bearing children, and child care. Patrilineal Society means only men can inherit property and the family name. Women were left with no inheritance and are expected to marry a man who can support her economically.  Not supported to learn (NO rights for education & politics) Historical Views on Gender Greek Aristotle, Plato and other Greek philosopher viewed woman as the inferior sex and are properties of men whose only job is to obey their husband, bear children and take care of households. Forbidden to learn philosophy, politics and science Egypt Herodotus, Greek historian observed the Egyptian civilization that woman enjoyed higher social status than Greek because they can inherit property and engage in trade and politics. However Greek influences Egypt through the conquests of Alexander the Great across Asia and Africa. Women have come a long way since the ancient times through feminist movement, however patriarchy taken on subtle forms of oppression that often go unnoticed such as: Sexism prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination based on sex Gender pay gap Men earn more than woman Rape on woman and the stigma making ashamed to report the crime Very conservative expectations on woman on how they behave. Boys where trained to be leaders while woman trained to do house chores. Woman Empowerment woman suffrage – Woman are not allowed to vote before because they were viewed as irrational and temperamental and therefore not able to make rational decisions. Equality in politics and society – for hundred of years, women’s voices were silenced so society must make an effort to restores their rights. Reproductive Rights means woman is in control of her body and she can decide for herself on what she sees is best for her. Contraception, abortion, and other reproductive options should be available to woman. Domestic Violence Such as marital rape and physical abuse are often dismissed by society as “part” of marriage. RA 9262 Anti Violence Against women and their childen. Sexual harassment and sexual violence Center for women’s resources in the Philippines estimates that one woman or child is raped every hour mostly by someone they know. Rights to choose wherein divorce their husband, rights to make decisions on her pregnancy, equitable wages, and equal employment opportunity. Summary Feminism gained women access to education, right to vote, right to work take control of their reproduction and right to say no instead of just obeying. Usage of gender neutral language that is not sexist. Babae kase, lalake kase and pakipot You do not have to be woman to understand we must treat everyone with the same respect that we are free and equal in dignity and in rights. Thank you!