GE5 Purposive Communication Notes PDF

GE5 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION 2. BODY MOVEMENTS AND POSTURE The way you move and carry yourself 01 CHAPTER 1 co...

GE5 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION 2. BODY MOVEMENTS AND POSTURE The way you move and carry yourself 01 CHAPTER 1 communicates a lot of information to the lord. Communication Process, Principles, and ethics 3. GESTURES Communication and Globalization We wave, point, plead, and often use our hands when we are arguing and speaking animatedly. 4. EYE CONTACT COMMUNICATION the way you look at someone can act of transferring information from one place, communicate many things, including person or group to another. interest, affection, hostility, or attraction. Concerns how we give and receive information and It is also important in maintaining the convey our ideas and opinions to those around us. flow of conversation and for assessing COMMUNICATION SKILLS ARE IMPORTANT TO another person’s response. EVERYONE. 5. TOUCH A firm handshake, a timid pat on the shoulder, a warm bear hug, a reassuring TYPES OF COMMUNICATION (5) pat on the back, a patronizing pat on the head or a controlling grip on your arm. 1. VERBAL COMMUNICATION 6. SPACE Encompasses all communication using You can use physical space to spoken words, or unspoken words as in communicate many different non-verbal the case with sign languages. messages, including signals of intimacy, 2. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION aggression, dominance, or affection. This means your tone, facial expressions, 7. VOICE body language, hand movements, and Non-verbal speech sounds such as tone, eye contract. pitch, volume, inflection, rhythm, and rate 3. WRITTEN COMMUNICATION are important communication elements; A form of verbal communication, but it is sounds provide subtle but powerful clues so different than spoken verbal into our true feelings. communication 4. VISUAL COMMUNICATION Delivering information, messages, and points by way of graphical THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS representations, or visual aids. (slide presentations, diagrams, physical models, drawings, and illustrations) 5. AURAL COMMUNICATION Involves transmission of information through the auditory sensory system – the system of speaking and hearing. Usually encompasses both verbal communication and paralinguistic communication to convey meaning. Communication process refers to a series of actions or 7 TYPES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION steps taken successfully communicate. 1. FACIAL EXPRESSION Involves several components such as sender of the The human face is extremely expressive, communication, the actual message being sent, able to convey countless emotions the encoding of the message, the receiver, and the without saying a word. decoding of the message.  There are also various of channels of COMMUNICATION ETHICS communication to consider within the communication process. Ethics is the study and practice of what is good, right, or This refers to the way a message is sent virtuous. Can be through various mediums (voice, audio, video, email, fax, or body language) 1. Respectful of their audiences The overall goal of the communication process is 2. Considerate for the consequences of their to present an individual or party with information communication and have them understand it. 3. Truthful 4. Efficient in using information PARTS OF THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS 5. Watchful of falsified information Sender the person that is delivering a 6. Respectful of the rights of others to information message to a recipient. Message refers to the information that the COMMUNICATION AND GLOBALIZATION sender is relaying to the receiver Channel of the transmission or method of Globalization – a process of interaction and integration Communication delivering the message among people, companies, and governments of different Decoding the interpretation of the message. nations, a process driven by international trade and (performed by the receiver) investment and aided by information technology. This Receiver the person who is getting or process has effects on the environment, on culture, on receiving the message political systems, on economic development and prosperity, Feedback in some instances, the receiver and on human physical well-being in societies around the might have feedback or response world. from the sender. (Starts an Interaction) IMPACTS OF IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON GLOBALIZATION ON COMMUNICATION GLOBAL COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLES 1. Virtual Interaction 1. Availability of 1. Communication Involves Symbols 2. Cultural Awareness in Information A symbol is an arbitrary representation of Speech 2. Business Conduct something else an object, an idea, a place, a 3. Cultural Awareness in 3. Social Awareness person, a relationship, a word, a movement, a Body Language 4. The Problem sound, a picture, a logo, a gesture, or a mark. 4. Time Difference 2. Communication requires meaning Communication requires that symbols convey meaning. a. Social construction of meaning involves how symbols take on meaning in social context or society as they are used overtime. b. Meaning and context may vary. c. Verbal and nonverbal influence on meaning d. Meaning and the medium are interconnected 3. Communication is culture related 4. Communication is relational 5. Communication involves frames 6. Communication is both presentational and representational 7. Communication is a transaction  02 CHAPTER 2 INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION Communication in Multicultural Settings & (interaction with individuals from different cultures) Varieties, Registers of Spoken and Written FORMS OF INTERRCULTURAL COMMUNICATION Language Interracial Communication - interpreting and sharing of meanings with individuals from different races. Interethnic Communication GLOBALIZATION - interaction with different individuals from - Used to describe the growing interdependence of different ethnic origins the world’s economies, cultures, and populations, International Communication brought about by cross-border trade in goods and - communication between persons representing services, technology, and flows of investment, different political structures people, and information. International Communication - interaction with members of the same racial, DIVERSITY ethnic, group, or co-culture as yours. - The recognition of and valuing of difference, encompassing such factors as age, gender, race, CULTURE & CO-CULTURE ethnicity, ability, religion, education, marital status, sexual orientation, and income. CULTURE - is a system of knowledge, beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that acquired, IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON CULTURAL DIVERSITY shared, and used by members during daily living. Globalization encourages cultural diversity to be maintained CO-CULTURE and widened as a phenomenon and as characteristic. It also - cultures within cultures makes cultural diversity impact more people and more - composed of members of the same general places. culture who differ in some ethnic or sociological way from the parent culture. Globalization is the process of something becoming present or influential on a global scale. It is also used to describe the 1. ASSIMILATION – how co-culture members phenomenon of people all around the globe being attempt to fit in with the members of the interconnected in one way or another. Globalization will dominant culture. allow the interactions and communication between 2. ACCOMMODATION – how co-culture members different groups and communities. As people move and maintain their cultural identity while striving to interact, so will cultures. Globalization leads to different establish relationships with members of the cultures being seen by other communities with their dominant culture. cultural backgrounds. 3. SEPARATION – co-culture members use to resist interacting with member of the dominant culture. COMMUNICATION APPROACH (CO-CULTURE) MULTICULTURALIST Are persons respectful of and engage with people from PASSIVE avoid interacting with the distinctly different cultures dominant culture ASSERTIVE seeks to realize their objectives CULTURAL IGNORANCE AGGRESSIVE hurtfully expressive and self- Affects communication and may lead to lost opportunities promoting; attempting to control choices of and increased levels of tension between people others CONFRONTATIONAL seek to make the GLOBALIZATION dominant culture hear and react to them ETHNOCENTRISM the tendency to see Requires that we pay attention to related concepts – one’s culture as superior to all others DIVERSITY Race Gender Religion “The language if our thought and our emotions is our Age Income Ethnicity most valuable asset. Multilingualism is our ally in ensuring quality education for all in the promoting of inclusion and in combatting discrimination” JRINA BEKOVA VARIETIES AND REGISTER OF SPOKEN AND WRITTEN connection between the speaker and the LANGUAGE audience. 5 DEGREES OF FORMALITY IN LANGUAGE FROZEN level for of formality by Martin Joos (American Linguist) Most formal 1. Intimate Uses static language that doesn’t change (called 2. Casual frozen for a reason) 3. Consultative Consists of set phrases and relies on conventional 4. Formal grammar structures 5. Frozen Occurs in formal settings, such as weddings and religious ceremonies, as well as in safety briefings. “these are sometimes referred to as registers” LEVELS OF FORMALITY INTIMATE level of formality Used in an informal setting, usually among family members, close friends, and loves It can include slang and colloquialisms and it doesn’t necessarily adhere to conventional grammatical norms. CASUAL level of formality Also occurs in an informal environment but is not as personal as the intimate level. Frequently used among friends and acquaintances, such as classmates and colleagues. Casual language is informal and can include slang and colloquialisms. Friendly and hostile conversations can be in the casual register. CONSULTATIVE level of formality Used in formal, professional, and academic settings. Usually occurs in conversations among colleagues, teachers and students, and employers and employees Require the participant to address each other by their respective titles and honorifics (sir, madam, doctor) Can involve a specific jargon or knowledge connected to a professional context and participants involved. FORMAL level of formality Refers to a professional and academic environments commonly used in lectures, speeches, text analysis, and documents. There is usually no interaction between the speaker and the audience It includes academic and professional language, follows grammatical conversations, and involves more complex language. Usually doesn’t express personal opinions or emotions, nor does it require an emotional