G10-ENG-LP10 1986 PDF

G10-ENG-LP10 have worth. For example: Hard lockdowns of barangays Fowler H. Ramsay (1986), as outlined in the has not been effective in controlling Colorado State Un...

G10-ENG-LP10 have worth. For example: Hard lockdowns of barangays Fowler H. Ramsay (1986), as outlined in the has not been effective in controlling Colorado State University website, the spread of the coronavirus. described assertion as a term generally used to refer to statements of fact, opinion, 3. Statement of Policy- It claims that belief and prejudice. something should or should not be done. ​ A fact is a verifiable statement. It can For example: Amidst the ongoing pandemic, be proven objectively by verified what teachers and students need is not observations or the results of academic freeze but material, moral and research among others. instructional support from the leaders in the education department. The third category is ​ an opinion is a personal judgment called belief, which is a conviction based on based on facts; hence, it is cultural or personal faith, morality or values. debatable and potentially changeable. A statement of belief may look similar to an opinion, but they are not based on evidence; that is why they cannot be An opinion is a type of assertion which contested or argued in a rational or logical expresses a judgment, viewpoint, or manner. statement about matters commonly considered to be subjective. It is a personal Lastly, An assertion is a stylistic approach view; however, it is still based on facts. In that involves a strong declaration, a forceful other words, it is an honest attempt to draw or confident a conclusion from factual evidence, and not and positive statement regarding a belief a mere statement of one’s belief, letting the readers accept the idea or notion preference, or prejudice. as an indisputable fact. ❑ Three Categories of Opinion Statements: Four Types of Assertion 1. Statement of Truth - It is an opinion that 1. Basic Assertion is a straightforward something is or is not the case. For statement for expressing feelings, opinions or beliefs example: With the minimal number of Covid-19 cases in the city, Baguio City 2. Emphatic Assertion conveys sympathy to clearly has more effective contact tracing someone recognizing his/her feeling or methods than most cities in the country. situation, then showing support for his/ her viewpoint, 2. Statement of Value- It is an opinion feelings or rights. statement which claims that something does or does not 3. Escalating Assertion occurs when introductory paragraphs or clearly labeled someone is not able to give a response to a sections." person’s basic ❑ Implicit Claims assertion and therefore that person becomes firm about him or her. ✓ Implied or understood though not plainly or directly expressed 4. Language Assertion is the use of Pronoun " and is useful for expressing ✓ Not directly stated but suggested or negative feelings. necessary for the purpose the rather vague category called ✓ Analyze the wording for suggestions or commonplace assertion. This is a underlying messages, consider the context stereotype, an oversimplification or a and purpose prejudice, which is a half-baked opinion of the text based on insufficient or unexamined evidence, but it presented as if it were a Example: "Implicit claims require careful fact. reading and critical thinking to uncover the underlying messages within the text." Further, a commonplace assertion is a statement used to make a declaration or to What is a Claim? express strong belief on a particular topic, often without evidence. They are so ✓ The word claim comes from the Latin common (because they are passed word clamare, which means “to cry out, on by friends, family members, and the shout.” media) that they are believed to be true even without proof, and some statements of ✓ In literature, a claim is a statement that commonplace assertion have become asserts something to be true and can either stereotypes. be a fact or a Judgment. G10-ENG-LP11 ✓ According to del Gandio J. (2008), a claim is an arguable statement- an idea that ❑ Explicit Claims a rhetor (that is, a speaker or writer) asks the audience to accept or an anticipation ✓ Fully and clearly expressed, leaving no that they should agree with it. room for confusion. ✓ A claim is the central argument of the ✓ Clearly stated and spelled out. text which can work on its own or in conjunction with other claims to form a ✓ Look for direct statements, thesis larger argument. statements, and topic sentences. ✓ It persuades, argues, convinces, proves Example: "Identifying explicit claims can be or provocatively suggests something to a straightforward, as they are often found in reader who may or may not initially agree with you. ✓ It can be classified into three types (3); Examples: Fact, Value and Policy. 1. Schools should adopt a Reading Enhancement Program. ★​Three Kinds of Claims 2. Universal identification card should be ❑ Claim of Fact - is a statement of established in the country. something that has existed (past), Exists (present) or will exist (future). 3. Good Manners and Right Conduct needs to be restored in the curriculum. Examples: SAMPLE OUTPUT: 1. The home quarantine did not lower the 1. Claim of Fact - Sometimes people use number of COVID-19 infected individuals. Facebook, Twitter, and other social media to bully one another. 2. Washing of hands is the most effective measure to prevent getting infected from the 2. Claim of Value - It is wrong to use social virus. media to bully people. 3. The death penalty does not deter crime. 3. Claim of Policy - There should be criminal charges brought against people who use ❑ Claim of Value - A claim of value is social media to bully others. based on preference such as likes/dislikes (good or bad) Examples: 1. It is good to stay at home to avoid getting infected with the disease. 2. Washing our hands is the best way to keep ourselves healthy. 3. Drug abuse is not an option if you have problems ❑ Claim of Policy - Is a statement that indicates that an action must be taken is specific policies. When identifying a claim of policy, look for keywords “should”, “ought” and “must”. They may not always be present, but if they are, actions are usually called for.  ✓ Characterization and Development Characters in literary works are often G09-ENG-LO12 well-developed and multidimensional. Writers explore the complexities of human Literary Writing nature, providing readers with insights into ​ Literary writing refers to a form of characters' thoughts, motivations, and creative expression that emphasizes emotions. artistic and aesthetic qualities, often characterized by a deliberate and ✓ Narrative Techniques skillful use of language. Literary writing employs various narrative It is a broad term that encompasses various techniques, such as point of view, structure, genres, including fiction, poetry, drama, and and pacing, to create engaging and creative nonfiction. meaningful stories. Experimentation with narrative forms is common in literary works. Literary writing is distinct from everyday or utilitarian writing, as it places a strong ✓ Emphasis on Style emphasis on the artistic aspects of language and storytelling. Style plays a crucial role in literary writing. Key features of literary writing Writers develop their own distinctive styles, which can include sentence structure, include rhythm, and tone ✓ Artistic Language ✓ Exploration of Language and Form Literary works often employ language in a Literary writers may experiment with way that goes beyond mere communication. language and form to create innovative and Writers pay attention to word choice, thought-provoking works rhythm, and style to create a unique and. evocative ✓ Reader Engagement experience for the reader. Literary works often invite readers to ✓ Imagery and Symbolism engage actively with the text. Literary writing frequently uses vivid Literary Purpose imagery and symbolism to convey deeper meanings. When engaging with a novel, poem, movie, Writers may employ metaphors, similes, TV comedy, or song, you are immersed in and other figurative language to evoke the literary purpose. Whether you're sharing sensory experiences and emotions. a joke or crafting a love poem, you are employing the literary purpose, which aims to entertain and provide aesthetic pleasure.  ✓ Secondary Characteristics This purpose centers on the words themselves, emphasizing a deliberate Common use of first-person or arrangement to create third-person pronouns a pleasing or enriching effect. Style tends to be informal, colloquial, or Literary writing is predominantly fictional, even vulgar utilizing figurative or symbolic language. When the literary purpose is the primary ✓ When Employing the Literary Purpose focus, the writing should be fictional. As a in Writing secondary purpose, literary writing may coexist with the expressive or persuasive Consider your message and carefully purpose. Due to its figurative nature, literary choose your words. writing is seldom combined with referential writing, which is more literal in its approach. Experiment with language to elicit pleasure or emotional response in the reader. TYPES OF LITERARY WRITING Incorporate figurative language. Novels, short stories, poems Appeal to the senses. Plays and musicals Introduce a problem or tension, resolving it Movie and TV scripts within the narrative. Parodies and satire Strive to convey essential meaning or ideas to the reader. Memoirs and reflective essays Literary Form ✓ Characteristics and Traits Emphasis is on the intentional and ✓ Narrative Prose Fiction thoughtful manipulation of words. Objective: to entertain and provide Narrative prose fiction is essentially a tale aesthetic enjoyment created from imagination and stands apart from factual accounts. While fiction can ✓ Primary Characteristics encompass various literary forms like poetry Typically fictional, conveying a sense of and drama, it is most frequently associated reality with narrative prose fiction. Presence of tension or conflict Artistic unity, conveying a central idea Examples of narrative prose fiction include Use of figurative language, including short stories, novellas, and novels, with similes, metaphors, irony, symbolism, and the primary distinction among them being analogy the word count ✓ Theatrical Presentation (Drama) Composition Composing a literary form involves a Theatrical presentation, or drama, involves thoughtful and creative process, whether conveying a narrative through you're working on a poem, short story, performance. Initially, various forms of novel, play, or any other literary work. Some drama included plays, ballet, and opera general steps and considerations to guide you through the process: ✓ Poetry ✓ Define Your Purpose Poetry is a literary expression conveyed in verse, often characterized by traditional Clarify the purpose of your literary form. elements like rhyme and meter. The earliest Are you aiming to entertain, inform, provoke known form of poetry is the epic, with thought, 'The Epic of Gilgamesh' believed to have or convey emotions? Understanding your been composed over four thousand years goal will shape your approach to writing. ago around 2,500 BCE. ✓ Select a Genre or Form ✓ Nonfiction Choose the literary genre or form that Nonfiction is the endeavor to convey a aligns with your creative vision. Whether it's factual narrative in prose. It spans various poetry, fiction, drama, or nonfiction, each genres, ranging genre has its conventions and from autobiography and memoir to characteristics. journalism and literary criticism. ✓ Develop a Concept or Theme ✓ Contemporary Literary Forms Identify the central concept or theme you Modern literature is generally defined as want to explore. This could be a specific any literary work created after the idea, emotion, question, or storyline that you conclusion of World War II. During this wish to convey through your literary period, innovative literary forms emerged, work. primarily through the amalgamation of existing ones. A notable instance is the ✓ Create Well-Defined Characters (If ascent of creative nonfiction, which employs Applicable) narrative literary styles to convey factual information. Various expressions of creative If your literary form involves characters, nonfiction include travelogues, memoirs, develop well-rounded and believable and nonfiction novels. individuals. Consider their motivations, backgrounds, and how they contribute to the overall narrative. ✓ Establish a Setting your expression, and let your unique voice shine through. Set the stage for your literary work by creating a vivid and appropriate setting. The ✓ Stay Persistent setting can significantly impact the atmosphere and tone of your piece. Writing is often an iterative process. Stay persistent and be open to refining and ✓ Craft Engaging Plot or Structure revisiting your work. Embrace the journey of improvement and growth as a writer. Develop a compelling plot or structure that captures the reader's attention. Consider the beginning, middle, and end, as well as any twists or turns that enhance the overall narrative. ✓ Experiment with Language Use language intentionally and experiment with different literary devices such as metaphors, similes, symbolism, and imagery. Consider the tone and style that best suit your creative vision ✓ Consider the Audience Think about the intended audience for your literary form. Consider their expectations, interests, and how you can effectively communicate your message or story to them. ✓ Capture Emotion and Atmosphere Pay attention to the emotional impact and atmosphere you want to convey. Use descriptive language and sensory details to immerse the reader in the world you are creating. ✓ Embrace Creativity and Originality Don't be afraid to take creative risks and explore new ideas. Strive for originality in LP13-ENG THREE MAIN TYPES OF PUBLIC SPEAKING ACCORDING TO ITS PURPOSE. PUBLIC SPEAKING 1. THE INFORMATIVE SPEECH ❏ To deliver or communicate information in An informative speech is called as such front of a live audience. because it provides information to the ❏ usually done in a formal setting or as part audience, as the term "informative" of a formal. suggests. The presenter is an educator ❏ conveys purposeful information which whose aim is to enlighten the listeners on a airs to inform, influence, or entertain a subject, which could be a thing, happening, large group of audience. an idea, or a procedure. This type of public speaking is the most useful in real-life EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECHES situations, such as when you need to deliver ​ Extemporaneous Speeches are a formal presentation. speeches that the speaker has meticulously prepared and Speeches about Objects rehearsed before the speaking engagement. Objects are tangible items that can be seen with the eyes and therefore, easily IMPROMPTU SPEECHES identified. Speeches about objects often ​ Impromptu Speeches are delivered involve discussions of how they are without any notes or preparation and perceived through the senses of are spontaneously given. This is a hearing, taste, or touch. highly stressful scenario for many students as there is no set plan or Examples of things can include people, agenda to rely on; they must simply locations, creatures, buildings, etc. Things stand up and speak without any time to consider while searching buying a new to contemplate. computer setup. MANUSCRIPT SPEECHES ​ Manuscript speeches are speeches Speeches about Event where the speaker follows a written Events are happenings or occurrences, both script of the precise words to be past and present, so possible speech topics spoken. MEMORIZED SPEECHES Speeches about Concepts ​ Memorized speeches are speeches Concepts are ideas,philosophies, that are learned by heart. The hypotheses, and arguments, etc, so speaker thoroughly commits the informative speeches might address topics speech text to memory and then such as these: The Big Bang Theory recites it without using notes or an Speeches about Processes : outline. A process is how something is made, how The speech must meet the allotted time. something is done, or how something Speakers should be neither too brief nor too works; therefore, possible topics include long winded. Intended remarks must be these: How pearls develop in oyster accurate. For example, if someone is presenting an award and intends to begin THE PERSUASIVE SPEECH with interesting facts about the recipient, these facts must be correct A persuasive speech typically aims to question the beliefs of the audience and P.R.E.P STRUCTURE encourage them to reconsider their existing views or acknowledge the validity of other ▪ P= Point perspectives. Persuasive speeches are the most challenging to deliver, especially when ▪ R= Reason they address controversial topics that audience members have strong, ▪ E= Example deeply-rooted opinions about. ▪ P= Point Types of Persuasive Speeches There are three main types of persuasive POINT: State your point of view speeches: those that deal with questions of fact, those that deal with questions of value, ✔ Start off by making a clear point about and those that deal with questions of policy. the subject you’re speaking about. Examples of Questions of Fact ✔ In a short speech, it’s best to focus on just one point so that you don’t lose Examples of Questions of Fact your audience. Did Lee Harvey Oswald act alone in In a longer speech , use series of PREP’s to assassinating President John F. Kennedy? make different point and support them Examples of Questions of Policy Are smokers being unfairly singled out for REASON: Reason for you point of view. higher taxation? ✔ Describe your reason for that particular Examples of Questions of Value point. Do people have the right to choose to die with dignity? ✔ A reason say’s why you think that. Give reasons to explain why your point of SPEECHES FOR SPECIAL OCCASIONS the view is true. Support or back up your case with evidence from research ,fact , The speech must fit the occasion. If the data, statistics. occasion is formal, for example, the speech should be as well; but if the occasion is EXAMPLE: Prove it. Explain how you casual, the speech should reflect a similar reached this point of view. mood. ✔ Give a few examples to illustrate. ✔ Evidence and example show how you something to be true, and it bring humanity and connection to your point and reasons. POINT: Conclude it. Restate your point of view. ✔ Finish with some concluding remarks to wrap up your story. ✔ Conclude by showing how your position is right (both scientifically , practically ,etch) in spite of the arguments against it and restate your argument. This helps your audience remember it. S.T.A.R (Situation, Task, Action, Result) ✔ This is a good communication strategy during an interview. Situation - Describe the situation that you were in. Task - Describe the task that you completed. Action - Describe the specific actions that you took to complete the task. Result- Describe the positive result of your action.