Foundations-of-curriculum.pptx
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1. Philosophical Foundations Educators, teachers, educational planners and policy makers must have a philosophy or strong belief about education and schooling and the kind of curriculum in the teachers’ classrooms or learning environment. Philosophy of the curriculum answers ques...
1. Philosophical Foundations Educators, teachers, educational planners and policy makers must have a philosophy or strong belief about education and schooling and the kind of curriculum in the teachers’ classrooms or learning environment. Philosophy of the curriculum answers questions like: What are schools for? What subjects are important? How should students learn? What methods should be used? What outcomes should be achieved? Why? There are many philosophies in education but will only have few to illustrates as presented by Ornstein and Hunkins in 2004. 2. Historical Foundations Where is curriculum development coming from? The historical foundations will show to us the chronological development along a timeline. Reading materials would tell us that curriculum development started when Franklin Bobbit (1876-1956) wrote the book “The Curriculum.” Here are 8 among the many, we considered to have great contributions. 3. Psychological Foundation of Curriculum Psychology provides a basis to understand the teaching and learning process. It unifies elements of the learning process. Questions which can be addressed by psychological foundations of education are: How should curriculum be organized to enhance learning? What is the optimal level of students’ participation in learning the various contents of learning theories: behaviorism or association theories; cognitive-information processing theories and humanistic theories (Ornstien and Hunkins, 2004). Association and Behaviorism Cognitive Information Processing Theory