Forensic Medicine Lecture 4 (Identification) PDF

LECTURE (4) Identification   Recognition of a person through certain features that differentiate him from all other persons (individuality).   Individuals accused of assault, murder or  Marriage rape.  Inheritance  Interchange of newborn babi...

LECTURE (4) Identification   Recognition of a person through certain features that differentiate him from all other persons (individuality).   Individuals accused of assault, murder or  Marriage rape.  Inheritance  Interchange of newborn babies in  Passport/license hospitals.  Missing persons  Impersonation  Insurance claim  ① In cases of fire, explosion and accidents. ② When unknown dead body is found on the road, fields, railway compartment or water. ③ In cases of decomposed body. ④ In cases of mutilated body.  Collection of bones: Report on a bone ① Age. ⑥ Origin of bone ② Sex. ⑦ Person or more ③ Race. ⑧ Time passed since death ④ Stature. ⑨ Cause of death ⑤ Deformities.  20 in number (10 upper and 10 lower)  The eruption starts at about 6 months after birth &  Completed the end of the 2nd year.  There are no milk premolars.  32 in number {16 in upper jaw & 16 in lower jaw}  6 (‫)سن المدرسة‬ 7 8 9 10 11 12 18-25 1. Order of eruption of permanent teeth is in the following sequence Mama Is In Pain; Papa Can Make Medicine 2. Mother is in bed; baby comes Monday morning. Same as above, except that B→ Bicuspid  Which one is the oldest permanent tooth in adult ?  Oldest permanent tooth in oral cavity (in adults) - First molars.  Which one is the youngest permanent tooth in adult?  Youngest permanent tooth in oral cavity (in adults) - Third molars. – Mixed dentition:  Between 6-10 y, the child has both temporary and permanent teeth. In mixed dentition, the total number of teeth is always 24. ① Personal identification: Irregularities, Crowdness, Deformities, Dental fillings etc. ② Age estimation. ③ Sex determination: Identifying Y-chromosome in dental pulp ④ Occupation and habits:  Tailors: show notched upper incisors from wear and tear.  Smokers: Dark brown stains on the back of incisors. ⑤ Identification of the type and date of a crime: From the site and date of the abrasions and contusions of the bite  Ossification begins centrally in an epiphysis spreads peripherally as it gets bigger.  Determination of age based on union of epiphyses with a range of ± 6 months.  In females, union of epiphysis is TWO years earlier than males.   The pelvis tells the story.  Highly arched Less arched Narrow, deep, small Broad, shallow, large Narrow, triangular Broad, rectangular U-shaped, rounded, broader V-shaped, sharp angle, 70°-75° angle, 90°-100° Heart-shaped or Circular triangular Smaller Larger The bones forming the angle/arch are more concave in females but straight in males ① Parietal eminences. ② Superciliary ridges. ③ Frontonasal junction. ④ Mastoid processes. ⑤ Occipital condyles. ⑥ Occiput ⑦ Foramen magnum Negroid skull  Frontal suture.  More prominent superciliary ridges  Flat nasal bridge with wide nasal apertures.  Flat hard palate.  Prognathism.  Small mastoid processes.  Strong, ivory, white large teeth.  pointed pterion.  Impression made by the ball of the finger.  The principle that skin of the balls of fingers and thumb is covered with papillary ridges with pores of sweat glands.  They develop during intrauterine life (at 16th week) and remain constant throughout life.  They cannot be altered except in: ① Transitory absence due to exposure to ionizing radiation and steel industry. ② Permanently destroyed in some chronic skin diseases as leprosy and scleroderma. ① It is used for all ages. ② Persistent: even after peeling of the epidermis due to putrefaction. ③ Absolute identification. ④ Needs no special training or expensive instruments ① In children, first erupted permanent tooth is: A. Central incisor B. First molar C. Canine D. Lateral incisor E. First premolar ② The anterior fontanelle closure occurs at: A. 6-9 months B. 9-12 months C. 18 months D. 3 years ③ In old age, the mental foramen: A. opens near the lower margin B. opens near the alveolar margin C. opens Midway between upper and lower margins D. it is closed