Fondazione Umberto Veronesi per scuola media - Il Fumo (PDF)

# Vero o Falso? Scrivi V se pensi che l'affermazione sia vera, F se falsa. | | Affermazione | V/F | |---|---|---| | 1 | UN FUMATORE SENTE MENO GLI ODORI E I SAPORI RISPETTO A UN NON FUMATORE. | | | 2 | LE SIGARETTE CONTENGONO AMMONIACA E ACETONE. | | | 3 | IL FUMO PASSIVO, OVVERO QUELLO CHE INA...

# Vero o Falso? Scrivi V se pensi che l'affermazione sia vera, F se falsa. | | Affermazione | V/F | |---|---|---| | 1 | UN FUMATORE SENTE MENO GLI ODORI E I SAPORI RISPETTO A UN NON FUMATORE. | | | 2 | LE SIGARETTE CONTENGONO AMMONIACA E ACETONE. | | | 3 | IL FUMO PASSIVO, OVVERO QUELLO CHE INALIAMO INVOLONTARIAMENTE QUANDO CI TROVIAMO ACCANTO A DEI FUMATORI, NON È NOCIVO PER LA SALUTE. | | | 4 | IL FUMO CAUSA LA CARIE. | | | 5 | UN FUMATORE PUÒ SMETTERE QUANDO VUOLE SENZA PROBLEMI. | | | 6 | IL FUMO RILASSA. | | | 7 | IL FUMO DI SIGARETTA INQUINA. | | | 8 | LE SIGARETTE CONTENGONO UNA DECINA DI SOSTANZE. | | | 9 | LA MAGGIOR PARTE DEI RAGAZZI CHE FUMANO VORREBBE NON AVER MAI INIZIATO. | | | 10 | I POLMONI SONO GLI UNICI ORGANI DEL CORPO UMANO A ESSERE DANNEGGIATI DAL FUMO. | | | 11 | LA NICOTINA È UNA SOSTANZA CHE CREA DIPENDENZA, MA NON È TOSSICA PER L'UOMO. | | | 12 | OLTRE CHE PEGGIORARNE LA QUALITÀ IL FUMO ACCORCIA LA VITA. | | | 13 | SE AL PARCO UN ADULTO VICINO A TE SI ACCENDE UNA SIGARETTA HA IL DIRITTO DI FUMARSELA IN SANTA PACE ANCHE SE A TE DA FASTIDIO. | | | 14 | UN FUMATORE CHE CONSUMA UN PACCHETTO DI SIGARETTE AL GIORNO SPENDE IN UNA SETTIMANA I SOLDI CHE BASTEREBBERO PER 12 GELATI O UN GIOCO DELLA PSP. | | ## Immagine 1 The image shows a diagram of a circle with other circles connected on opposite sides. | Substance | Description | |---|---| | Mentolo | Aroma | | Acetone | Rimuove smalto | | Nicotina | Sostanza che da dipendenza, insetticidi | | Benzene | Additivo per il gasolio | | Acido Cianidrico | Armi chimiche, camere a gas | | Catrame | Fumare un pacchetto di sigarette al giorno per un anno equivale a bere una tazza piena di catrame | | Nitrosammine | Presenti nella plastica | | Polonio 210 | Elemento radioattivo | | Arsenico | Veleno | | Formaldeide | Fluido lisato per imbalsamare | | Monossido di Carbonio | Gas di scarico | | Cadmio | Componente delle batterie | | Ammoniaca | Detersivo per la casa | | Butadiene | Contenuto nel nylon | ## Immagine 2 The image shows 5 bar graphs with the following titles: **Il Podio dell'Astinenza** **Il Podio del Rinforzo** **Il Podio della Tolleranza** **Il Podio della Tossidicita** **Il Podio della Dipendenza** Each bar graph has 5 bars sorted from highest to lowest and they all have the following categories with a sentence underneath them: | Category | Sentence | |---|---| | Alcool | "Sto male senza" | | Eroina | | | Nicotina / Cocaina | | | Marijuana | | | Cocaina | "Ne voglio ancora" | | Eroina | | | Alcool | | | Nicotina | | | Marijuana | | | Cocaina | "Prima mi piaceva di più: devo aumentare!" | | Eroina | | | Nicotina / Alcool | | | Marijuana | | | Alcool | "Mi avveleno" | | Eroina | | | Cocaina | | | Marijuana | | | Nicotina | "Ne sono schiavo" | | Nicotina | | | Eroina | | | Cocaina | | | Alcool | | | Marijuana | | * **Il Podio dell'Astinenza:** Nicotina, Cocaina, Marijuana * **Il Podio del Rinforzo:** Nicotina, Marijuana * **Il Podio della Tolleranza:** Nicotina/Alcool, Marijuana * **Il Podio della Tossidicita:** Nicotina * **Il Podio della Dipendenza:** Alcool, Marijuana ## Immagine 3 The image shows two illustrations, both depicting the mouth. The first is a close-up view of a normal mouth with a small text bubble explaining that it is leucoplachia. The second is a close-up view of the burning end of a cigarette and a small portion of a person's mouth. The text below shows that 900°C is the temperature of the tobacco burning on the tip of a cigarette, similar to the temperature of lava. It also says "come se" and then a side illustration of a person's mouth with nearby fire and explains a volcano erupting lava 10 cm from the person's mouth. ## Immagine 4 The image shows a drawing of a person's hand showing the details of ingrown nails. The text is about the effects of smoking on the skin. It explains that smoking causes ingrown nails, causes "zampe di gallina" and causes the skin to be yellowed. The right side of the image has an illustration of a person with heavy wrinkles and squinted eyes. It explains that smoking is like constantly making a face and that if you stop smoking, the wrinkles will stay but the yellowed color will fade. ## Immagine 5 The image shows an illustration of a human eye and text describing the damage smoking does to the eyes. The drawing shows the inside of the eye, making it clear to illustrate the difference between a clear and a clouded lens. It explains that smoking is problematic for your eyes because it damages the macula, damages the lens, and causes dry eyes. It further explains that smoking reduces the bloodflow to the eyes and that it can cause damage from free radicals. ## Immagine 6 The image shows an illustration of a human brain. The accompanying text talks about how smoking affects the brain. It states that smoking causes the brain to function as if it is 10 years older than it actually is. It further explains that nicotine in cigarettes causes a dopamine release in the brain which causes the user to crave more. ## Immagine 7 The image shows an illustration of the human lungs. The accompanying text talks about how smoking affects the lungs. It starts by explaining how soot from the cigarette smoke causes the lungs to become black. It goes on to explain how the smoke irritates the lungs causing the cells in the lungs to become mutated, which can lead to lung cancer. The image also mentions that smoking can also lead to emphysema. The image ends by comparing air pollution from smoke to air pollution from cars. ## Immagine 8 The image shows an illustration of a human heart. The accompanying text talks about how smoking affects the heart. It describes the process of atherosclerosis and how it can lead to a heart attack or stroke. It further explains how smoking can lead to other circulatory problems. ## Immagine 9 The image shows an illustration of a bladder. The accompanying text talks about how smoking affects the bladder. It explains that the toxins from cigarette smoke are filtered out of the body by the kidneys and are then stored in the bladder, making the bladder more susceptible to cancer. ## Immagine 10 The image shows an illustration of a pregnant woman. The accompanying text talks about how smoking affects pregnancy. It explains that smoking can cause a lack of oxygen for the fetus, can transfer toxins to the fetus, can cause issues with the fetus's nervous system, can increase the chance of miscarriage, and can increase the chances of the baby dying during birth. ## Immagine 11 The image shows a hand holding a cigarette. The accompanying text depicts a list of statistics based on the effects of smoking. It states that smoking causes 15% of deaths, 1/3rd of deaths caused by cancer, and 8 million deaths per year. It also states that smokers die an average of 13 years earlier than non-smokers. It further explains how smoking increases the risk of various cancers and diseases. ## Immagine 12 The image shows a timeline depicting the affects of stopping smoking on the body. | Time | Effect | |---|---| | 20 Minutes | Blood pressure and heart rate return to normal | | 8 Hours | Nicotine and carbon monoxide levels decrease while oxygen levels return to normal | | 24 Hours | Carbon monoxide is eliminated from the body, the lungs begin to clear themselves and the risk of heart attack decreases | | 6 Months | Coughing, shortness of breath, and fatigue significantly decrease | | 3 Months | Respiration and blood circulation improve, skin becomes more luminous, breath becomes less foul | | 48 Hours | Nicotine is eliminated, sense of smell and taste improves, breathing becomes easier | | 1 Year | The risk of developing a heart disease is halved | | 10 Years | The risk of lung cancer decreases, the risk of stroke returns to the same level as a non-smoker | | 15 Years | The risk of smoking-related diseases is similar to those who have never smoked |