AQA Chemistry A-level Flashcards - Organic Chemistry Introduction PDF

AQA Chemistry A-level Topic 3.1 - Organic Chemistry Introduction Flashcards Define empirical formula. Define empirical formula. Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a molecule Define molecular formula. Define molecular formula. Gives the actual number of atoms of different e...

AQA Chemistry A-level Topic 3.1 - Organic Chemistry Introduction Flashcards Define empirical formula. Define empirical formula. Simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a molecule Define molecular formula. Define molecular formula. Gives the actual number of atoms of different elements in a molecule Define displayed formula Define displayed formula Shows every atom and every bond in a molecule Define structural formula Define structural formula Shows arrangement of atoms in a molecule without showing every bond Define skeletal formula Define skeletal formula Drawn as lines with each vertex being a carbon atom. Carbon atoms not drawn, assumed each C atom has all unspecified bonds as C-H Give the suffixes for: a) No double bonds b) At least one double bond c) An alcohol d) An aldehyde e) A ketone f) A carboxylic acid Give the suffixes for: a) No double bonds -ane b) At least one double bond -ene c) An alcohol -ol d) An aldehyde -al e) A ketone -one f) A carboxylic acid -oic acid Give the prefixes for: a) CH3 group b) C2H5 group c) C3H7 group d) C4H9 group e) Cl group f) Br group g) I group Give the prefixes for: a) CH3 group methyl- b) C2H5 group ethyl- c) C3H7 group propyl- d) C4H9 group butyl- e) Cl group chloro- f) Br group bromo- g) I group iodo- Define structural isomerism Define structural isomerism When molecules have the same molecular formula but different structural formula What is positional isomerism? What is positional isomerism? Functional group is attached to the main chain at a different place What is functional group isomerism? What is functional group isomerism? Same atoms but a different functional group due to a different arrangement of atoms What is chain isomerism? What is chain isomerism? Hydrocarbon chain organised differently e.g. branched chains Define stereoisomerism. Define stereoisomerism. When molecules have the same structural and molecular formula, but have a different arrangement of atoms in space What is E-Z isomerism and how are the E and Z isomers decided? What is E-Z isomerism and how are the E and Z isomers decided? E-Z isomerism is caused by the limited rotation about C=C double bonds If the two substituents with the highest atomic number are on the same side of the double bond, it is the Z (zusammen) isomer If they are on different sides, it is the E (entgegen) isomer