Philippine History Review PDF

**Barangay** -- It was the primary political unit in pre-colonial Philippines society consisted of around 20-100 families. It was also the first Filipino's earliest form of government by the Filipino people. **Datu** -- the chief leader of a barangay during the pre-colonial period. **Christianity*...

**Barangay** -- It was the primary political unit in pre-colonial Philippines society consisted of around 20-100 families. It was also the first Filipino's earliest form of government by the Filipino people. **Datu** -- the chief leader of a barangay during the pre-colonial period. **Christianity** -- It was the primary religion practiced by Filipinos before Spanish colonization. **Governor-general** -- It is appointed by the king's representative also known or called as "little king." **Gobernadorcillo** -- a local chief or leader during the Spanish period. **Treaty of Paris** -- Signed on September 3, 1783 between the American colonies and Great Britain, ended the American Revolution and formally recognized the United States as an independent nation. This treaty officially ended the Philippine-American War. **Centralized Governance** -- a system introduced by the Spanish to govern the Philippines. **The Propaganda Movement** -- a form of resistance against Spanish rule. **Encomienda System** -- to collect taxes and labor. **Taxes** -- the primary source of income for the Spanish colonial government period in the Philippines. **Battle of Manila Bay** -- a battle that marked the decisive defeat of Spanish during the Spanish-American War. ***Sultanates in Mindanao*** is independent from Spanish control throughout the colonial period. **Noli Me Tangere** of Rizal highlights the abuses of the Spanish clergy. **Bandala System** - a type of direct taxation implemented by the Spanish in the Philippines that forced native farmers to sell their goods to the government at low prices. **1565** -- where Philippines declared a province of Spain. **Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade** - the sole means of communication between Spain and its Philippine colony and served as an economic lifeline development for the Spaniards in Manila.  ***Spanish occupation*** led to Warfare and slavery expanded under Spanish rule, while women and transgender men, lost power within Philippine society. ***Philippine Revolution*** began in 1896 as a response to Spanish colonial oppression. **Pre-Colonial Period (1521-1565)** **Spanish Colonial Period/Spanish Occupation (1565-1898)** **Philippine Revolution (1896-1898)** **Spanish-American War (APRIL-DECEMBER 1898)** **Philippine-American War (1899-1913)** **Commonwealth Period (1935-1946)** **Post World War II and Independence (1946)** **Martial Law Era (1972-1981)** **People Power (1896)** **Ferdinand Magellan** -- (1480 -- 27 April 1521) was a first Portuguese explorer who served to Spain. In 1521, he arrived in the Philippines. **Miguel Lopez de Legazpi** -- established the first Spanish settlement in Cebu. **Emilio Aguinaldo** - Leader of the Filipino forces during the Spanish-American War and the first President of the Philippines. **GomBurZa** -- led the revolt in Cavite against Spanish authorities in the year 1872. **Filipino** -- is a termed used "those born in the Philippines" where Spanish referred to this group. **Ilustrados** -- a educated Filipinos who sought reforms during the Spanish period.\ **Andres Bonifacio** -- Leader of the Katipunan and the Philippine Revolution against Spain.\ **General Antonio Luna** - known for his leadership in the Philippine-American War and his efforts to organize the Philippine army. **Commodore George Dewey** - Led the U.S. Navy during the Battle of Manila Bay.\ Jose Rizal - Nationalist intellectual and martyr whose execution helped ignite the revolution. **PREAMBLE** We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.