Final Exam Study Guide Fall 2024 PDF

- Rich Media - using communication channels within an organization that allow for a high level of information exchange, typically involving multiple forms of media like video, audio, and interactive elements, enabling better understanding and clarity, especially when dealing with c...

- Rich Media - using communication channels within an organization that allow for a high level of information exchange, typically involving multiple forms of media like video, audio, and interactive elements, enabling better understanding and clarity, especially when dealing with complex or ambiguous situations - Lean Media- Fewer cues and limited feedback making them straightforward messages - Know Effective Media Predictions -- Media Richness Theory, Selecting channels based on complexity of the message and need for clarity - Types of power within organizations - Critical Approach- Analyzes how ICTs impact power dynamics, surveilance, and employee autonomy. - Traditional Approach -- Focuses on how ICTs improve efficiency, productivity, and streamline workflows - Symbolgical Approach -- Meanings and cultural significance that employees and organizaitions assign to technology. - Sources of Power in Organizations - Legitimate: Authority dervied from a formal position - Reward: Control over incentives, such as promotions - Coercive: Ability to enforce consequences or punish - Expert: Influence based on specialized knowledge - Referent: Power gained through respect or charisma - Informational: Access to and control over valuable infromation - Means of Production - Physical resources - Human resources - Capital Resources - Critical Theorist's view on the source of power in relationships - Control of Meaning: Influencing how ideas and values are interpreted - Structural Power: Embedded in Organizational system and roles, often favoring those in higher positions - Ideological Power: Reinforcing beliefs that justify inequalities, such as "natural" authroity of managers over employees - Ideology, Hegemony, Emancipation, Resistance - Ideology: A system of beliefs and norms - Hegemony: The dominance of one group's values, norms, or beliefs - Emancipation: The process of freeing individuals or groups from oppressive systems or structures - Resistance: Actions or behavior sby individuals or groups that challenge dominant power structures - Organizations as Political Pyramids - Few individuals at the top holding the power with many below not holding the power - Top Down - Down-Up - Horzizonal - Political Pyramids: Scarcity + Competiton - Scarcity- resources are limited, creating competition among individuals - Competition: Employees and managers compete to maintain or increase their influence, access to resources, and control over decisions - The Power of Constituents + Clients -- Leaders, Managers, Employees, and clients on the outside - The steps in preparing to undertake a diagnostic process -- Define purpose and goals, identify key stakeholders, choose a diagnostic model, collect and analyze data, report findings, plan and implement actions, review and revise - Five stages of research and evaluation - Research question, research plan, data collection, data analysis, results - Barriers to research in organizations - Big Decisions + Small Decisions - The reasons why we make bad decisions - Group think, cognitive bias, information overload or lack, poor communication, emotional responses - Examples of Decisions Commonly Made Within Organizations Table - Strategic- Entering new market - Financial- Budget allocations - Human Resources- Hiring new employees - Strategic Diversity Management- creating policies and strategies to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion - Surface Level Diversity -- Observable differences among individuals, such as race or gender - Deep Level Diversity -- Differences among individuals among values and beliefs and perspectives - Exclusion from Informal Communication Networks - When individiuals or groups are left out of casual conversations, gossip or social gatherings - Arguments for Diversity -- strategies, practices or tools used to support, enhance, and sustain diversity within organizations - Having a Diverse Network Matters - Broader Perspectives - Access to Opportunities - Problem-Solving - Cultural Intelligence - Collaboration - Barriers to Mentoring Relationships - Power Dynamic, Cultural Differences, Limited Resources - Judy Heumann- Prominent disability rights activist and leader - Talent Acquisition -- The stratefic process of identifying and hiring skill individuals - Talent Management -- process of attracting and developing employees skills and abilities to meet organizational goals - Traditional Talent Acquisition Route -- Relies on established, straightforward methods to recruit and hire employees. - Superior Talent Acquisition Route -- Focuses on strategic, proactive, and innovative approaches to attract and retain top talent to meet organizational goals effectively - Work Design -- Flexibility -- creating adaptible work arrangements that allow employees to have a balance life - Work Design -- Sustainability -- Creating work environemnt that supports well being - Trend- specific direction for workplace and technology - Fad- A practice that gains popularity quickly but has a short lifespan - Dimensions of Emotional Labor -- Emotional labor refers to the process of managing emotions to meet the expectation of a job or role - Emotional Causes of Burnout -- Burnout is a state of emotinal, physical and mental exhaustion - Compassionate Communication -- Practice of expressing empathy, understanding, and care during interperosnal interactions to build trust and connection - Emotional Intelligence - Organizational Outcomes of Burnout -- decreased productivity, increased turnover, negative workplace