HAPR 101 Fall 2024 Study Guide PDF

Final Study Guide HAPR 101 Fall 2024 The Final will cover all information covered in Units 2 and 3. The Final will cover some information covered in Unit 1. ¾ of the Final Questions will be about Units 2 and 3 ¼ of the Final Questions will be about...

Final Study Guide HAPR 101 Fall 2024 The Final will cover all information covered in Units 2 and 3. The Final will cover some information covered in Unit 1. ¾ of the Final Questions will be about Units 2 and 3 ¼ of the Final Questions will be about Unit 1 There will be one short written essay question called: How We Hear The Final will be closed book and supervised. You will have 2 hours to write. The number of questions and point count will be announced closer to the Final date. Questions will be: o multiple choice o fill in the blank o True/False You will label anatomy of the: o outer ear o middle ear o inner ear **If you live 0-100 KM from campus, the Midterm starts on campus at 10 am on October 19th. See meskanas for more information. **If you live 101+ KM from campus, schedule your supervision with Exam Services asap. You will write at 10 am on October 19th. See meskanas for more information and Exam Services’ contact information. If you do not have Exam Services approval for an exam supervisor on the day of the Midterm you will not be allowed to write on the day. Unit 2 and 3 Questions will come from: (Will be ¾ of the Exam Questions) o Unit 2 modules o Unit 3 modules o Unit 2 and 3 Lass and Donai textbook pages o Unit 3 Martin and Clark readings o the Activity 3 workbooks  Unit 1 Questions will come from: (Will be 1/4 of the Exam Questions) o the Anatomy Labelling Workbook o Unit 1 modules o Unit I Lass and Donai textbook pages Units 2 and 3: Sound, Physics, Acoustics and Psychoacoustics Know how to read: X-Y graphs sine wave graphs Know the definition of the following: o Volume o Time o Amplitude o Hertz o Period o Velocity o Cycle o Oscillation o Frequency o Wavelength o Compression o Resistance o Rarefaction o Inertia o Resonance o Stiffness o Power o Mass o Sound o Impedance o Distance o Pressure o Length Complex Sounds What is this? When do you hear this in the real world? Periodic Sounds What is this? When do you hear this in the real world? Aperiodic Sound What is this? When do you hear this in the real world? Noise What is this? When do you hear this in the real world? Speech What is this? When do you hear this in the real world? Fundamental Frequency What is this? If 3 frequencies are heard at the same time, which one is the fundamental frequency? Cavity/Tube Resonance What is this? 2700 Hz How does it relate to hearing? Audiometric Zero What is this? How does it connect to HL? How does it connect to SPL? Fourier Analysis What is this? What do you do with it? Decibels What are they? What do they represent? How are they connected to human hearing ability? Are they liner or logarithmic? How are logarithmic decibels and SPL connected: What happens to the SPL when decibels increase or decrease Why is the relationship between decibels and SPL not 1 to 1 when there is an increase or decrease? Is the amount of SPL the same for each decibel increase/decrease? Why not? (Hint, it’s because decibels are logarithmic and so…) What happens to the decibel count when 2 sound waves combine and are: Exactly the same intensity, phase and frequency The same intensity but different phase and frequency Different intensities, different phase and different frequency Hearing Level Scales: dB HL, dB SPL and dB SL what does HL stand for? What does SL stand for? What does SPL stand for? What it hearing level? What is sensation level? What is sound pressure level Where is HL used? Where/when is SL used? Where is SPL used? Audiometric Zero What is it? How is it connected to dB HL? How is it connected to SPL? Why is it NOT connected to SL? How does HL, SL and SPL show up on an audiogram? How are: HL and SL connected on an audiogram. HL and SPL connected on an audiogram. Know how to add and subtract SL and HL from one another. Duration of sound How does duration contribute to hearing? Lateralization What is it? How does it affect hearing? Head Shadow Effect What is it? How does it affect hearing? Loudness Summation What is it? How does it affect hearing? Masking in sound and hearing (Not hearing testing masking) What is it? How does it affect hearing? Range of Human Hearing Total range of human hearing Range of speech frequencies Localization What is it? How does it affect hearing? Pitch vs Frequency What is pitch What is frequency How are they connected How are they NOT the same thing Intensity Vs Loudness What is intensity What is loudness How are they connected How are the NOT the same thing “Normal” Hearing How was “normal hearing’ established. What does 0 dB HL mean/stand for How are Air conduction hearing and bone conduction hearing different? Signal to Noise Ratio What does Signal to Noise Ratio mean? What does a negative Signal to Noise Ratio indicate? What does a positive signal to noise Ratio indicate? Unit 1 Anatomy and Physiology Label the different parts /anatomy of the: Pinna Tympanic membrane Middle ear Cochlea Organ of Corti Auditory cortex Temporal lobe The cerebellum The cerebrum You will have to write these out yourself. Spelling mistakes will lose half a point per. If the spelling mistake makes the answer mean something other than the correct answer, full point will be lost. (This happens in anatomy sometimes when you look at the entire body: One small change to the word makes it mean something totally different/names a different body part). Look at Fig 5.7 in Lass and Donai (2023) on page 121. Know what part of the ear uses: Acoustic energy Mechanical energy Hydrodynamic energy Electric/neurologic energy Conductive system: What parts of the ear are a part of the conductive system? What is the function of the conductive system? How does it transfer sound from the air to the ear drum? How does it transfer sound from the ear drum to the oval window? Sensory system: What parts of the ear are a part of the sensory system? What is the function of the sensory system? How does the sensory system transfer sound from the oval window to the auditory cortex? What is tonotopic organization? On the basilar membrane, where are the low frequencies and where are the high frequencies?