Final State Exam 5 Course MBBS PDF

? person with raised JVP, edema, hepatomegaly. Investigation? - Troponin i - CXR - ECG +Echocardiography ?Which of the following is protective against colon cancer? - Vitamin A - Vitamin E + Vitamin D - Vitamin E ?All of the following are complications of massive blood transfusion except: -Hyperka...

? person with raised JVP, edema, hepatomegaly. Investigation? - Troponin i - CXR - ECG +Echocardiography ?Which of the following is protective against colon cancer? - Vitamin A - Vitamin E + Vitamin D - Vitamin E ?All of the following are complications of massive blood transfusion except: -Hyperkalemia -Acidosis -Left-shift of 02 dissociation curve +Hypercalcemia ?A patient present with jaundice, Hb 6.5 g/dl, HCT 25%, total bilirubin 4 gm/dl, both direct and indirect bilirubin are raised, ALK. PHOS raised, PT 16/12 , aPTT 13/20, Albumin 2.0 g/dl, total protein 6.0 g/dl. After initial resuscitation, what is the next step you will do? +FFPs -Vitamin K supplement -Whole blood transfusion -Platelets ?A 46 years old male with productive cough for 2 months. Now, he has developed progressively worsening dyspnea. On examination, bilateral rhonchi are heard with increased anteroposterior diameter of chest noted. What is the most likely diagnosis? -Lung cancer +Chronic bronchitis -TB -Asthma ?An obese diabetic with RBS > 260 mg/dl. What is the most appropriate management? - Diet and exercise + Diet, exercise and biguanides - Diet, exercise and sulfonylureas - Diet, exercise and prevention ?A 35 years old pregnant female at 16 weeks gestation has a blood pressure of 160/100 mm Hg. One week later, her blood pressure is 159/98 mm Hg. What is the most likely diagnosis? - Labile hypertension + Essential hypertension - Pre-eclampsia - Eclampsia ?An 8 months' child with history of exposure to measles. Which of the following is the most appropriate management? - Administer vaccine + Give immunoglobulin - Give antibiotics - Reassur ?All of the following changes occur in asthma EXCEPT: - Increased mucus production - Goblet cell hypertrophy + Increased secretions - Thinning of basement membrane ? A 61years old male successfully treated for pneumonia has residual cough without any A. Repeat antibiotic course - Repeate antibiotic course - Continue same antibiotics for 20 days - Chest X-ray STAT + Chest X-ray and follow-up after 3 week ?An AIDS patient being treated with zidovudine presents with complaints of lethargy and weakness. An ECG is ordered, which shows peaked T waves. What is the most likely cause? + Hyperkalemia - Zidovudine toxicity - Pericarditis - Diabetes ? Non bilious vomiting and peristaltic splash. Best immediate step in management is. + NG Decompression - Antibiotics - IV fluids - Urgent laparotomy ?23-year-old man presents with weight loss fatigue and lymphadenopathy. He is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which of the following processes most closely matches the underlying pathological process? - Type1hypersensitivity reaction - Type 2 hypersensitivity reaction - Type 3 hypersensitivity reaction + Type 4 hypersensitivity reaction ?A 22-year-old man presents with a discharging area on his lower back. On examination there is an epithelial defect located 6cm proximal to the tip of his coccyx and located in the midline. There are two further defects located about 2cmsuperiorly in the same position. He is extremely hirsute. What is the most likely diagnosis? - Pre sacral tumour - Sacrococcygeal teratoma + Pilonidal sinus - Fistula in ano ?A motorcyclist is involved in a road traffic accident. He suffers a complex humeral shaft fracture which is plated. Postoperatively he complains of an inability to extend his fingers. Which of the following structures is most likely to havebeen injured? -Ulnar nerve +Radial nerve -Median nerve -Axillary nerve ?A 28-year-old lady is breast feeding her first child. She presents with discomfort of the right breast. Clinical examination demonstrates erythema and an area that is fluctuant. Aspiration and culture of the fluid is most likely to demonstrateinfection with which of the following organisms? -Clostridium perfringens +Staphylococcus aureus -Streptococcus pyogenes -Staphylococcus epidermidis - HARBINGERS OF CHILDBIRTH - PHYSIOLOGICAL PRELIMINARY PERIOD - URGENT LABOR ? DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR THE WEAKNESS OF LABOR ARE: + ALL OF THE ABOVE - INFREQUENT, SATISFACTORY STRENGTH OR FREQUENT BUT WEAK AND SHORT CONTRACTIONS - SLOWER RATE OF OPENING OF THE UTERINE PHARYNX - SLOW ADVANCEMENT OF THE PRESENTING PART ? SECONDARY WEAKNESS OF LABOR IS CHARACTERIZED BY: + NONE OF THE ABOVE - LACK OF COORDINATION OF CONTRACTIONS BETWEEN THE RIGHT AND LEFT HALF OF THE UTERUS, ITS UPPER AND LOWER PARTS - THE PRESENCE OF CONVULSIVE CONTRACTIONS OF THE UTERUS - DYSTOCIA OF THE CERVIX ? COMPLICATIONS OF THE WEAKNESS OF LABOR CAN BE: + ALL OF THE ABOVE - INTRAUTERINE FETAL HYPOXIA - UNTIMELY DISCHARGE OF AMNIOTIC FLUID - HYPOTONIC BLEEDING ? FOR THE TREATMENT OF WEAKNESS OF LABOR, USE: + UTEROTONIC MEDICINES - ESTROGENS - ANTISPASMODICS - GESTAGENS ? THE MAXIMUM RATE OF INTRAVENOUS DRIP OF OXYTOCIN DURING RHODOSTIMULATION WITH WEAKNESS OF LABOR: + 40 DROPS PER MINUTE - 15 DROPS PER MINUTE - 20 DROPS PER MINUTE - 50 DROPS PER MINUTE ? THE REASONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISCOORDINATED LABOR ARE ALL, EXCEPT: + POLYHYDRAMNIOS - HYPOESTROGENISM - MALFORMATIONS OF THE UTERUS - PATHOLOGICAL PRELIMINARY PERIOD ? DISCOORDINATION OF LABOR IS: + ALL OF THE ABOVE - DISPLACEMENT OF THE "PACEMAKER" HORIZONTALLY (THE RIGHT AND LEFT HALVES OF THE UTERUS CONTRACT IN A DIFFERENT RHYTHM) - VERTICAL DISPLACEMENT OF THE "PACEMAKER" (TO THE BODY OR LOWER SEGMENT OF THE UTERUS) - THE EMERGENCE OF SEVERAL "PACEMAKERS" IN THE UTERUS ? THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF DISCOORDINATED LABOR ARE: + ALL OF THE ABOVE - HYPOXIA AND FETAL ASPHYXIA - DELAYED DILATATION OF THE CERVIX, CERVICAL EDEMA - CONTRACTIONS OF VARYING INTENSITY AND DURATION ? RAPID LABOR IN MULTIPAROUS CHILDREN CONTINUES: + 2-4 HOURS - 30 MINUTES-1 HOUR - 1-2 HOURS - 4-6 HOURS ? WHEN THE PLACENTA IS REMOVED, A RETROPLACENTAL HEMATOMA IS FORMED AS A RESULT OF: + CENTRAL BRANCH OF THE PLACENTA - REGIONAL DEPARTMENT OF THE PLACENTA - PARTIAL SEPARATION OF THE PLACENTA - COMPLETE SEPARATION OF THE PLACENTA ? SIGNS OF SEPARATION OF THE PLACENTA INCLUDE: + ALL OF THE ABOVE IS TRUE - CHANGING THE SHAPE AND HEIGHT OF THE FUNDUS OF THE UTERUS - THE INSTRUMENT PLACED ON THE UMBILICAL CORD AT THE LEVEL OF THE GENITAL SLIT IS LOWERED BY 10 - 12 CM - WHEN PRESSING ON THE ABDOMEN OVER THE PUBIC REGION, THE UMBILICAL CORD DOES NOT RETRACT ? PREVENTION OF BLEEDING SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT: + AT THE END OF THE SECOND STAGE OF LABOR - FROM THE THIRD PERIOD - WITH THE ONSET OF PUSHING ACTIVITY - AT THE END OF THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOR ? INDICATIONS FOR INDUCED LABOR: + ALL OF THE ABOVE - FETAL ANOMALIES - INTRAUTERINE FETAL DEATH -COMPLICATIONSOFPREGNANCYTHATTHREATENTHECONDITIONOFTHEFETUS ? THE MOST EFFECTIVE METHOD OF PAIN RELIEF IN THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOR IS: + PROLONGED EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA - NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESICS - CHOLINERGIC DRUGS - NARCOTIC ANALGESICS ? LABOR PAIN RELIEF IS CARRIED OUT: + COMPLEX METHOD - INHALATION METHOD - BY METHODS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION - BY METHODS OF NON-DRUG EXPOSURE ? WHEN MANUALLY EXAMINING THE POSTPARTUM UTERUS, THE FOLLOWING PAIN RELIEF IS USUALLY APPLIED + INTRAVENOUS NON-INHALATION ANESTHETIC - INHALATION OF NITROUS OXIDE WITH OXYGEN (2: 1) - INTRAVENOUS ANALGESIC - INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF SEDATIVES AND ANTISPASMODICS ? THE HIGH-RISK GROUP FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ABNORMALITIES OF LABOR INCLUDES WOMEN WHO HAVE + FIRST PREGNANCY - HISTORY OF VARIOUS MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITIES - OBESITY - SEXUAL INFANTILISM ? THE MODERN APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF WEAKNESS IN LABOR INCLUDES MEASURES AIMED + FOR COMPLETE AND LONG-TERM CESSATION OF UTERINE CONTRACTILE ACTIVITY - TO INCREASE THE BODY'S ENERGY RESOURCES - TO CREATE A CERTAIN HORMONAL BACKGROUND - TO PRESERVE THE PHYSIOLOGICAL BIORHYTHM ? WITH SECONDARY WEAKNESS OF LABOR, LABOR MAY BE COMPLETED. + WITH INTRAVENOUS DRIP OF BETA-ADRENOMIMETICS - BY CAESAREAN SECTION - BY THE OPERATION OF APPLYING OBSTETRIC FORCEPS - BY PERINEOTOMY SURGERY ? THE LEVELS OF REGULATION OF LABOR INCLUDE + ALL ANSWERS ARE CORRECT - NEUROMUSCULAR APPARATUS OF THE UTERUS - SPINAL CORD, AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM - SUBCORTICAL FORMATIONS ? BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS IS: + LOCAL DYSBIOSIS OF THE VAGINA - INFLAMMATION OF THE VAGINAL MUCOSA - INFLAMMATION OF THE LARGE GLAND OF THE VESTIBULE - INFLAMMATION OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE CERVICAL CANAL ? THE DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS ARE: + THE PRESENCE OF KEY CELLS IN VAGINAL SMEARS - POSITIVE AMINE TEST - GRAY-WHITE HOMOGENEOUS VAGINAL DISCHARGE - VAGINAL PH> 4.5 ? EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION IS USED: + AFTER UNPROTECTED INTERCOURSE WITHIN 72 HOURS - JUST BEFORE UNPROTECTED INTERCOURSE - AFTER PROTECTED INTERCOURSE WITHIN 24 HOURS - DURING INTERCOURSE ? THE FOLLOWING PROGESTERONE-CONTAINING CONTRACEPTIVES ARE REFERRED TO AS MINI-PILLS: + FERMULENE, EXCLUTON, MICROLUT - NORPLANT, MICROLUTH, MARVELON - EXCAPEL, NOREISTERONEENANTHATE - NEOGEST, CHAROSETTE, MICROVAL ? NITROUS OXIDE (N 42 0O) IS EXCRETED FROM THE BODY: + THROUGH THE LUNGS UNCHANGED - METABOLIZED AND EXCRETED THROUGH THE KIDNEYS - THROUGH THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT - OXIDIZED IN THE LIVER ? ETHER ANESTHESIA HAS STAGES: + 4 STAGES - 3 STAGES - 2 STAGES - 5 STAGES ? ETHER VAPORS AFFECT THE RESPIRATORY TRACT: + IRRITATES, INCREASES SECRETION - FAVORABLE - DRIES UP MUCOUS MEMBRANES - NARROWS THE BRONCHI ? ETHER ANESTHESIA AFFECTS HEMODYNAMICS: + INCREASES THE LEVEL OF CATECHOLAMINES AND INCREASES BLOOD PRESSURE - REDUCES SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE - DOES NOT AFFECT HEMODYNAMICS - REDUCES DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE ? THE EFFECT OF HALOTHANE ON THE RESPIRATORY TRACT: + EXPANDS THE BRONCHI, SUPPRESSES REFLEXES - IRRITATES THE RESPIRATORY TRACT - NARROWS THE BRONCHI, CAUSES HYPERSECRETION - CAUSES COUGH ? THE EFFECT OF HALOTHANE ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: + REDUCES CARDIAC OUTPUT, LOWERS BLOOD PRESSURE - INCREASES CARDIAC OUTPUT AND RAISES BLOOD PRESSURE - DOES NOT AFFECT THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM - CAUSES TACHYCARDIA, DISRUPTS CONDUCTION ? EFFECT OF HALOTHANE ON LIVER FUNCTION: + HAS A HEPATOTOXIC EFFECT - IT HAS A BENEFICIAL EFFECT ON LIVER FUNCTION - HEPATOTOXIC EFFECT HAS NOT BEEN PROVEN - CAUSES ACUTE HEPATOCYRRHOSIS ? WHAT INHALATION ANESTHETICS ARE USED FOR AUTOANALGESIA: + METHOXYFLURANE, TRICHLORETHYLENE - ETHER, HALOTHANE - ETHER, CHLOROFORM - CYCLOPROPANE ? THE SHANE-ASHMAN METHOD OF INHALATION ANESTHESIA INCLUDES: + OXYGEN NITROUS OXIDE CYCLOPROPANE - OXYGEN ETHER NITROUS OXIDE - OXYGEN ETHER HALOTHANE - METHOXYFLURANE TRICHLORETHYLENE ? AZEOTROPIC MIXTURE IS: + 33% - ETHER AND 67% - HALOTHANE - 33% - HALOTHANE AND 67% - ETHER - 50% ETHER AND 50% HALOTHANE - 30% ETHER, 30% HALOTHANE AND 40% AIR ? CAUDAL ANESTHESIA IS A TYPE OF ANESTHESIA: + SPINAL - EPIDURAL - PROVODNIKOVA - MARGINAL ? FOR "FILLING" WITH SIMULTANEOUS EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA IS NOT USED: + HEMODEZ - POLIGLUKIN - PLASMA - BLOOD ? FOR "FILLING" WITH SIMULTANEOUS EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA IS USED: + BLOOD - HEMODEZ - POLIGLUKIN - PLASMA ? INDUCTION ANESTHESIA IS THE PERIOD OF ANESTHESIA FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE INTRODUCTION OF DRUGS TO + INTUBATION - END OF INTUBATION - SKIN INCISION - INTUBATION ? THE ANESTHETIC HAS THE GREATEST NEGATIVE EFFECT ON THE LIVER: + FLUOROTAN - ETHER - CYCLOPROPANE - NITROUS OXIDE ? WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DRUGS SHOULD NOT BE USED DURING ANESTHESIA WITH HALOTHANE: + ADRENALIN - HORMONES - ALBUMEN - MEZATON ? WHAT CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA IS TYPICAL FOR ANESTHESIA WITH HALOTHANE: + SINUS BRADYCARDIA - ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK - ATRIAL FIBRILLATION - SINUS TACHYCARDIA ? 18 RESUSCITATION STUDIES THE PROBLEMS: +REVITALIZATIONOFTHEBODYANDDEVELOPMENTOFPRINCIPLESFORTHE PREVENTION, TREATMENT OF CRITICAL AND TERMINAL CONDITIONS - REVITALIZATION OF THE BODY - DEVELOPS THE PRINCIPLES OF RESUSCITATION - TERMINAL STATES ? 19 WHICH METHOD IS MORE EFFECTIVE IN CARDIAC ARREST: + COMBINED USE OF A CARDIOPAMP WITH MECHANICAL VENTILATION - DIRECT CARDIAC MASSAGE - INDIRECT CARDIAC MASSAGE - INDIRECT CARDIAC MASSAGE WITH IVL ? 20 DETERMINE YOUR ACTIONS IN ASYSTOLE OF THE HEART: + INDIRECT CARDIAC MASSAGE - DEFIBRILLATION - GLYCOSIDES - CORTICOSTEROIDS ? 21 DETERMINE THE MOST EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR THE ELIMINATION OF CARDIAC FIBRILLATION: + DEFIBRILLATION - INDIRECT CARDIAC MASSAGE - THE INTRODUCTION OF ADRENALINE AND CALCIUM CHLORIDE - DIRECT CARDIAC MASSAGE ? 22 FOR LAPAROTOMY FOR OVARIAN CYST TORSION, THE OPTIMAL METHOD OF ANESTHESIA IS: + SPINAL - MASK - GENERAL INTUBATION - EPIDURAL ? 23 AFTER REMOVAL OF A HUGE OVARIAN CYST, ONE MUST BE WARY IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD: + THROMBOEMBOLISM OF THE PULMONARY ARTERY - ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE - ACUTE RENAL FAILURE - SYNDROME OF DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION ? 24 NITROUS OXIDE CROSSES THE PLACENTA: + ACCORDING TO THE LAW OF DIFFUSION OF GASES - ACCORDING TO THE LAW OF OSMOTIC PRESSURE - ACCORDING TO THE BOYLE-MARIOTTE LAW - ACCORDING TO AVOGADRO'S LAW ? 25 DEPOSITED IN THE PLACENTA: + 200 ML OF BLOOD - 100 ML OF BLOOD - 400 ML OF BLOOD - 300 ML OF BLOOD ? 26 PRONOUNCED RELAXATION OF THE UTERUS CAUSES: + FLUOROTAN - ETHER - CYCLOPROPANE - TRICHLORETHYLENE ? 27 BUFFER ORGANS INCLUDE: + LUNGS, KIDNEYS, LIVER - ENDOCRINE ORGANS - SPLEEN, GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT - BRAIN, THYROID ? 28 RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS IS CAUSED BY: + AN INCREASE IN PCO 2 - AN INCREASE IN THE CONCENTRATION OF H-IONS - DECREASED PO 2 - A DECREASE IN THE LEVEL OF PO 2 AND PCO 2 ? 29 RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS IS CAUSED BY: + A DECREASE IN THE LEVEL OF PCO 2 - DECREASE IN THE CONCENTRATION OF H-IONS - AN INCREASE IN PCO 2 - A DECREASE IN THE LEVEL OF PO 2 ? 30 METABOLIC ACIDOSIS IS CAUSED BY: + AN EXCESS OF H-IONS IN THE BLOOD AND A DEFICIENCY OF BUFFER BASES - AN INCREASE IN PCO 2 MORE THAN 45 MM HG - DECREASED PO 2 - DECREASE IN THE LEVEL OF H-IONS ? 31 METABOLIC ALKALOSIS IS CAUSED BY: + DEFICIENCY OF H-IONS - DECREASED PCO 2 BELOW 35 MM HG - AN INCREASE IN PCO 2 MORE THAN 45 MM HG - IMPAIRED KIDNEY FUNCTION ? 32 TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS IS CARRIED OUT: + HYPERVENTILATION - THE INTRODUCTION OF ALKALINE SOLUTIONS - HEMODILUTION - IVL WITH A SEMI-CLOSED CIRCUIT ? 33 CRYOPRECIPITATE AND CRYOPLASMA ARE USED FOR SYNDROME OF DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION: + IN STAGE III-IV - IN STAGE II-III - IN STAGES I-II - NOT APPLICABLE ? 34 STARTING DOSE OF HEPARIN FOR SYNDROME OF DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULARCOAGULATION: + 10 - THOUSAND UNITS - 2 5 - 5 THOUSAND UNITS - 20 THOUSAND UNITS - 5 - 10 THOUSAND UNITS ? 35 TRIGGER MECHANISM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE LIVER FAILURE: + VIOLATION OF CELLULAR AND SUBCELLULAR MEMBRANES OF HEPATOCYTES - VIOLATION OF PROTEIN METABOLISM - VIOLATION OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM - HYPOVOLEMIA ? 36 ACCORDING TO ETIOLOGY, HEPATIC COMA IS DIVIDED INTO: + ENDOGENOUS AND EXOGENOUS - CENTRAL - SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP - CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL ? 37 DEFIBRILLATION IS INEFFECTIVE WHEN THE DISCHARGE ENERGY IS LESS THAN: + 150 J - 250 J - 200 J - 100 J ? 38 TO NEUTRALIZE POTASSIUM AFTER CHEMICAL DEFIBRILLATION, THE FOLLOWING ARE USED: + CALCIUM CHLORIDE - MAGNESIUM SULFATE - SODIUM CITRATE - SODA SOLUTION ? 39 FOR CHEMICAL DEFIBRILLATION ARE USED: + SOLUTION KCL 4% - 60 ML - SOLUTION KCL 1% - 60 ML - SOLUTION KCL 0 5% - 60 ML - SOLUTION KCL 4% - 30 ML ? 40 THE FRANK INDEX IS CALCULATED FOR: + DETERMINING THE AREA OF ??THE BURN - PREDICTING THE COURSE AND OUTCOME - CALCULATION OF INFUSION THERAPY - ? 41 THE DURATION OF THE BURN SHOCK IS: + 24-72 HOURS - 3-6 HOURS - 12-24 HOURS - 7-8 DAYS ? 42 BURN SHOCK DEVELOPS WHEN THE BURN AREA IS MORE THAN: + 15(10)% - 25(20)% - 35(25)% - ? 43 HOSPITALIZATION IS SUBJECT TO PATIENTS WITH AN AREA OF ??BURNS MORE THAN: +5% -10% -15% - ? 44 THE SECOND STAGE OF THE BURN DISEASE IS: + TOXEMIA - SEPTICOTOXEMIA - RECONVALESCENCE - ? 45 PATIENTS WITH ELECTRICAL INJURY ARE SUBJECT TO OBSERVATION IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT DURING: + 3 DAYS - 3-4 HOURS - 12-24 HOURS - ? 46 THE CAUSE OF ELECTRICAL ASPHYXIA IS: + SPASM OF THE VOCAL CORDS - THE DEFEAT OF THE RESPIRATORY CENTER - REFLEX CESSATION OF BREATHING - ? 47 A FEATURE OF ELECTRIC SHOCK WITH ALTERNATING CURRENT IS: + WAVELIKE FLOW - THE SHORT DURATION OF THE FLOW - EASE OF FLOW - ? 48 INDICATE A VIOLATION NOT TYPICAL FOR DROWNING IN SEA WATER + HEMOLYSIS - HEART DYSRHYTHMIAS - HYPOTENSION - ATELECTASIS ? 49 INDICATIONS FOR CLOSED HEART MASSAGE ARE: + CARDIAC ARREST, VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION - RESPIRATORY ARREST - LACK OF CONSCIOUSNESS - CORRECT A) AND B) ? 50 IN CASE OF POISONING BY WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DRUGS IS IT ADVISABLE TO PERFORM A BLOOD REPLACEMENT OPERATION? + VINEGAR ESSENCE WITH HIGH HEMOLYSIS - ARSENIC HYDROGEN - ONLY A) AND B) ARE CORRECT - ONLY B) AND C) ARE CORRECT ?. WHICH FORM OF CHRONIC SINUSITIS IS DIAGNOSED PRIMARILY IN YOUNG CHILDREN? + CATARRHAL-EDEMATOUS - SUPPURATIVE POLYPOUS. - POLYPOUS SUPPURATIVE, NECROTIC. - SEROUS, NECROTIC. ?. WHAT IS MOST IMPORTANT FOR ENDONASAL MAXILLARY SINUSOTOMY? + THE SIZE OF FISTULA - CAREFUL HANDLING TERRITORY - THE HEIGHT OF THE LOWER EDGE OF THE ANASTOMOSIS. - REMOVAL OF ABNORMAL SINUS CONTENTS. ?. WHAT IT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT IN THE OPERATION TO RESTORE THE SENSE OF SMELL? + RESTORATION OF PATENCY OF THE OLFACTORY AREA - REMOVING THE FRONT ENDS OF THE SHELLS. - RESTORING CROSS FURROWS. - RESTORATION OF THE LUMEN OF THE LOWER NASAL PASSAGE ?. THE MAN DEVELOPED NUMBER OF SINUSES: + RESHETCHAT TH MAZE, SPHENOID, MAXILLARY, FRONTAL - RESHETCHAT TH MAZE, SPHENOID, FRONTAL - RESHETCHAT TH MAZE, SPHENOID, MAXILLARY - RESHETCHAT TH MAZE KLINOVIDNAYALOBNAYA ?. THE MAIN PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF THE SPHENOID SINUS: + RESONATORS ARE IN THEIR CAVITIES IS AMPLIFIED PART HARMONICS ARISING IN THE THROAT - WARM INHALED AIR - PRODUCE MUCOSE - DEFECATING AIR ?. ON THE UPPER WALL OF THE SPHENOID SINUS IS LOCATED: + PITUITARY - CAVERNOUS VENOUS SINUS - THALAMUS - HYPOTHALAMUS ?. THE THINNEST WALL OF THE FRONTAL SINUS: + BACK - LOBBY - LOWER - LATERAL ?. AT THE OUTER WALL OF THE SPHENOID SINUS IS LOCATED: + CAVERNOUS VENOUS SINUS, INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY, OCULOMOTOR NERVE, THE FIRST BRANCH OF THE TRIGEMINAL NERVE - PITUITARY - HYPOTHALAMUS - CELLS OF A TRELLISED LABYRINTH, INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY, THE FIRST BRANCH OF THE TRIGEMINAL NERVE ?. THEREISNOWALLOFTHEFRONTALSINUS: + LATERAL - LOWER - REAR - MEDIAL ?. VENOUSBLOODFROMTHENASALCAVITYANDPARANASALSINUSESFLOWSOFF IN: + SYSTEM, AND THE FRONT FACE OF THE OPHTHALMIC VEIN - RETROPHARYNGEAL SPACE - PERIPHARYNGEAL SPACE - PREDNEGLOTOCHNOE SPACE ?. THE MOST VARIABILITY IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE SINUS: + FRONTAL - MAXILLARY - SIGMOID - MAXILLARY AND SPHENOID ?. THE INNER WALL OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS MOST SUBTLE LEVEL NASAL PASSAGE: + AT THE PLACE OF ATTACHMENT OF THE INFERIOR TURBINATE - LOWER - AVERAGE - AT THE PLACE OF ATTACHMENT OF THE UPPER TURBINATE ?. THE BEST CONDITIONS FOR DRAINAGE OF PUS IN THE SINUSES ARE: + LATTICED L X - WEDGE - MAXILLARY - EVERYONE HAS ?. THE FORMATION OF THE MAXILLARY SINUSES CAN BE CLOSED: + DEVIATED SEPTUM - INCISORS - TONSIL - THE WING OF THE NOSE ?. MAXILLARY SINUS FISTULA OFTEN CONTACT THE ROOTS OF THE TEETH: + THE FIRST AND SECOND MOLARS - INCISORS - CANINES - LARGE AND SMALL L X KORENNH ?. MOST THIN WALL OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS: +TOP - LOWER - MEDIAL - LATERAL ?. WHAT INTRACRANIAL COMPLICATIONS WERE OBSERVED IN INFLAMMATORY DISEASESOFTHENOSEANDPARANASALSINUSES: +C. CAVERNOUSSINUSTHROMBOSIS,EXTRADURALANDSUBDURALABSCESS -THROMBOSISOFTHETRANSVERSESINUS; - ABSCESS OF THE TEMPORAL LOBE OF THE BRAIN, THROMBOSIS OF THE SIGMOID SINUS; -NASALSINUSTHROMBOSIS; ?. THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS IN THE MAXILLARY SINUS CAN OCCUR AS A RESULT OF: +D. ANYOFTHEABOVEFACTORS -ACUTERESPIRATORYINFECTION(INFLUENZA,MEASLES,SCARLETFEVER); -B.KARIESOFUPPERJAW; -C. ACUTEANDCHRONICRHINITIS; ?.COMPLICATIONSOFSINUSITIS: +E. ORBITALANDINTRACRANIALCOMPLICATIONS -NOSEBLEEDS; -INTRACRANIALLIQUORRHEA; -LIQUORRHEAANDVASOMOTORRHINITIS; ?. SPECIFYHOWTHENOSEDURINGFOUNDPUSINTHESINUS? + AVERAGE -TOP - LOWER - GENERAL ?. AN INFECTION OF THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES PERMEATES INTRACRANIAL STRUCTURES (EXCEPT) + BY FASCIA - THROUGH BLOOD VESSELS; - BY CONTACT; - ALONG THE I AND V OF THE CRANIAL NERVES; ?. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF BRONCHOPULMONARY COMPLICATIONS OF SINUSITIS: + ALL OF THE ABOVE - LEAKING PUS IN THE TRACHEA AND BRONCHI; - ALLERGIC FACTORS; - IRRITATION OF THE REFLEX ZONES OF THE NASAL CAVITY; ?. COMPLICATIONS OF DISEASES OF THE PARANASAL SINUSES MAY BE: (ALL BUT) + CHOLECYSTITIS - OPTIC NEURITIS; - MENINGITIS; - CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS; ?. NEWBORN FULLY DEVELOPED: (ALL BUT) + FRONTAL SINUSES - ETHMOID SINUSES; - MAXILLARY SINUSES; - SPHENOID SINUSES. ?. WITH WHAT BORDERS ON THE REAR WALL OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS: + WINGS - PALATAL FOSSA - EYE SOCKET; - BRAIN - THERE IS NO RIGHT ANSWER ?. THE LOCALIZATION OF THE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS AT THE FRONT: + FRONTAL SINUS - THERE IS NO RIGHT ANSWER - FIELD MORGANIEVA VENTRICLE; - UNDER THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE TRUE VOCAL CORDS. ?. INTRACRANIAL COMPLICATIONS OF THE MIDDLE CRANIAL FOSSA ARE MORE COMMON IN DISEASES OF THE PARANASAL SINUSES FOLLOWING: + BASIC - MAXILLARY. - THE CELLS OF A TRELLISED LABYRINTH - FRONTAL ?. WITH WHAT BORDERS ON THE BASIS OF THE REAR WALL OF THE SINUS: + SLOPE OF THE OCCIPITAL BONE - JAW. - TEETH. - AURICLE ?. AT WHAT AGE APPEARS THE FRONTAL SINUS IN CHILDREN: + 2-YEAR LIFE - 14-YEAR LIFE - 16-YEAR LIFE - IMMEDIATELY AFTER BIRTH ?. WHAT IS THE SHAPE HOLE THROUGH WHICH THE MAXILLARY SINUS COMMUNICATES WITH THE NASAL CAVITY IN A CHILD YEARS OF AGE? + OVAL - RHOMBOID - TRIANGULAR - SQUARE ?. WHAT IS THE SHAPE HOLE THROUGH WHICH THE MAXILLARY SINUS COMMUNICATES WITH THE NASAL CAVITY OF A CHILD TO YEARS? + ROUNDED - NOT REPORTED - RHOMBOID - TRIANGULAR ?.CHARACTERISTICE SIGNS OF ODONTOGENIC SINUSITIS + DURING AN AVERAGE NASAL PUS - DIFFICULTY IN NASAL BREATHING - IN THE LOWER NASAL PASSAGE PURULENT DISCHARGE - IN THE UPPER NASAL PASSAGE PURULENT DISCHARGE ?. THE FIRST PHASE OF THE TREATMENT OF ODONTOGENIC SINUSITIS: + REMOVAL OF CARIOUS TOOTH - SUBMUCOSAL RESECTION OF THE NASAL SEPTUM - TURBINOTOMY - MUKOTOMIYA ?. BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS IS CARRIED OUT? + MAXILLARY ARTERY - VERTEBRAL ARTERY - FACIAL ARTERY - INCISAL ARTERY ?. INFERIOR WALL OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS EDUCATION? + ALVEOLAR RIDGE OF THE UPPER JAW AND PART OF THE HARD PALATE - OPENER - THE ROOTS OF THE TEETH OF THE UPPER JAW AND THE MUCOSA - THE BOTTOM OF THE NASAL CAVITY ?. A CLEAR FILLING DEFECT IN THE X-RAY CONTRAST AGENT IN THE PARANASAL SINUSES IN THE FOLLOWING STATES + CATARRH OF THE MUCOSA - HYPERPLASTIC MUCOSA THICKENING - CYST - POLYPOSIS ?. AT WHAT POINT IN THE NASAL CAVITY OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS PUNCTURE PERFORMED? + THROUGH THE LOWER NASAL PASSAGE - THROUGH THE MIDDLE NASAL PASSAGE - THROUGH THE UPPER NOSTRIL - THROUGH A COMMON NASAL PASSAGE ?. THE UPPER WALL OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS BORDERS? + WITH EYE SOCKET - THE MAIN BOSOM - WITH THE FRONTAL SINUS - WITH THE ETHMOID BONE ?. IN MAYOR RESEARCH METHOD IS NOT USED IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PURULENT SINUSITIS? + SALPINGOSCOPY - RADIOGRAPHY - TRANSILLUMINATION - SINUS PUNCTURE ?. WHATFLORAOFTENCAUSESODONTOGENICGAYMAR? + PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA IN COMBINATION WITH PROTEUS - COLIBACILLUS - PATHOGENIC AEROBIC COMBINED WITH NON-CLOSTRIDIAL ANAEROBES - CANDIDA FUNGI IN COMBINATION WITH STAPHYLOCOCCUS ?. IN WHICH OF THE DISEASES CAN NOT BE THE CAUSE OF ODONTOGENIC SINUSITIS: + APHTHOUS STOMATITIS - CONGENITAL HYPERTROPHY OF THE TURBINATES - PERIODONTITIS, THE TEETH OF THE UPPER JAW - ABSCESSED PERIODONTAL DISEASE ?. SIGNS OF PRODUCTIVE INFLAMMATION OF THE SINUSES, EXCEPT: + SEROUS IMPREGNATION MUCOSA OF THE SINUSES - NASAL POLYPS - B. HETEROGENEOUS SHADOW ON THE RADIOGRAPH - FILLING DEFECT ON THE X-RAY CONTRAST ?. CRISP FILLING DEFECT ON THE X-RAY CONTRAST AGENT SINUSES UNDER THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: + CATARRH OF THE MUCOSA - OSTEOMA - POLYPOSIS - CYST ?.CHARACTERSYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC SINUSITIS: + PUS IN THE MIDDLE NASAL PASSAGE - A COMMON NASAL PASSAGE - CRUSTS IN THE NASAL CAVITY - IN GENERAL, THE NOSE DURING ADHESIVELY SHAPED DISCHARGE ?.PATHOLOGYANY TEETH CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ODONTOGENIC SINUSITIS: + 1ST PREMOLAR - 1ST MOLARS - TUSK - 2ND PREMOLAR ?.B AULNAY YEARS COMPLAINS OF DIFFICULTY IN NASAL BREATHING THE LEFT HALF OF THE NOSE, PURULENT DISCHARGE FROM THIS HALF, WITH A SHARP AND UNPLEASANTSMELL. TWOWEEKSAGOWEMADETHEEXTRACTIONOFTHEND PREMOLAR. WHAT TACTICS OF THE DOCTOR? + MAXILLARY SINUS PUNCTURE - CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT IN A HOSPITAL - SANITATION CAUSAL TOOTH - SURGICAL TREATMENT IN HOSPITAL ?. WHAT MEDICATIONS TO TAKE IN ACUTE RHINOSINUSITIS. + DECONGESTANTS, ANTIBIOTICS - DESENSITIZING AGENTS, ANTIHISTAMINE; - GLUCOCORTICOIDS, PAINKILLERS. - MOISTURIZERS, AEROSOLS. ?. AT WHAT DISEASES ARE COMMON RHINOGENOUS INTRACRANIAL COMPLICATIONS? + FRONTS - GENYANTRITIS - ETHMOIDITIS - SPHENOIDITIS ?. THE SURVEY IS NOT CHARACTERISTIC OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE PARANASAL SINUSES. + MEASUREMENT OF BLOOD PRESSURE OF THE PATIENT - TOMOGRAPHY PNS. - RADIOGRAPHY OF THE PNS. - RHINOSCOPY. ? FOR ACUTE PURULENT SINUSITIS IS CHARACTERIZED BY ALL THE SIGNS, EXCEPT: + BLEEDING FROM THE AREA KISSELBACH - REDNESS SHELLS. - PURULENT NASAL STRIP ON AVERAGE DURING. - SWELLING SHELLS. ? TYPICAL SIGNS OF KERATITIS? + SENSATION OF AN IODINE BODY UNDER THE UPPER EYELID - BLEEDING - A STABBING PAIN COMPARED TO LIGHT - A FEELING OF HEAVINESS ? THE DRUG USED IN THE TREATMENT OF VIRAL CONJUNCTIVITIS? + LEFT. ZOVIRAHI - UNG. NELADEXI 0.25%0.5% - LEFT. IT DIDN'T WORK - LEFT. MEDECHOL 0.1% ? THE DRUG USED IN THE TREATMENT OF VIRAL CONJUNCTIVITIS? + LEFT. OPHTHALMOFERON - LEFT. ATROPINE - LEFT. DEXAMETHASONE 0.1% - LEFT. TETRACAINE 1% ? BLEPHARITIS SYMPTOMS? + INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER - BLURRED VISION - BLEPHARASPASM - FEAR OF LIGHT ? CAUSES OF SECONDARY TRAUMATIC GLAUCOMA: + CHOROIDAL TEAR - BLEEDING INTO THE EYE - GAVHAR INJURY AND DISLOCATION - ANTERIOR CHAMBER ANGLE RECESSION ? CHARACTERISTIC OF DRUG-INDUCED CONJUNCTIVITIS? + MARKED HYPEREMIA IN CONJUNCTIVITIS - FAILURE TO OCCUR WHEN INSTILLING LOCAL MEDICATION - HEMORRHAGE WITH A LARGE FOCUS IN THE CONJUNCTIVA OF THE EYELID - HEMORRHAGE WITH A LARGE FOCUS IN THE CONJUNCTIVA OF THE SCLERA ? CHARACTERISTIC OF DRUG-INDUCED CONJUNCTIVITIS? + IT OCCURS AS A RESULT OF LONG-TERM INSTILLATION OF LOCAL DRUGS - HYPERTROPHY OF THE GLANDS OF CONJUNCTIVITIS - PETHYAL HEMORRHAGES IN THE CONJUNCTIVA OF THE EYELID - A LARGE PETECHIAE HEMORRHAGE IN THE CONJUNCTIVA OF THE SCLERA ? CAUSE OF BLEPHARITIS? + ENDOCRINE DISORDERS - HEART DISEASES - KIDNEY DISEASES - LUNG DISEASES ? CAUSE OF BLEPHARITIS? + ANEMIA - CORRECT CORRECTION OF REFRACTIVE ANOMALIES (HYPERMETROPIA, ASTIGMATISM) - PARESIS OF THE EYE MOTOR NERVE - PATHOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM ? OPHTHALMOHYPERTENSION CLASSIFICATION: + ESSENTIAL AND SYMPTOMATIC - ESSENTIAL - SYMPTOMATIC - CLOSED CORNER ? THE TYPES OF HYPOTENSIVE OPERATIONS IN THE EYE ARE NOT INCLUDED: + VITRECTOMY - FISTULATOR - CYCLODESTRUCTION - CYCLODIALYSIS ? A CURE FOR ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS? + SUSP. HYDROCORTISONE 0.5 1% - LEFT. TETRACAINE 0.1% - LEFT. TIMOLOL 0.5% - LEFT. TIMOLOL 0.25% ? ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS CURE? + LEFT. LECROLIN 4% - LEFT. ATROPINE 0.1% - LEFT. TIMOLOL 0.5% - LEFT. MESATON 0.1% ? LASER HYPOTENSIVE SURGERY DOES NOT INCLUDE: + RETINAL LASER PANCOAGULATION - LASER TRABECULOPLASTY - LASER IRIDECTOMY - GONIOPLASTY G ? SIDE EFFECTS OF ADRENALINE EYE DROPS: + TACHYCARDIA - CONJUNCTIVAL REACTIVE HYPEREMIA - ADENOCHROME PIGMENTATION OF THE CONJUNCTIVA - CYSTIC MACULOPATHY ? WHAT TYPES OF HEMIANOPSIA DO YOU KNOW? + HOMONYM - MONOTEMPORAL - TERTIARY - SECONDARY ? WHAT TYPES OF HEMIANOPSIA DO YOU KNOW? + BINAZAL - TETRAANOPSIA - ROUND - OVAL ? TYPICAL SIGNS OF IRIDOCYCLITIS? + STINGING PAIN THAN LIGHT - STINGING EYELIDS IN THE MORNING - LIGHT FOG BEFORE THE EYES - SENSATION OF AN IODINE BODY UNDER THE UPPER EYELID ? TYPICAL SIGNS OF IRIDOSECLITE? + BLEPHAROSPASM, FEAR OF LIGHT - MORNING PAIN - A BURNING SENSATION IN THE EYES - STINGING EYELIDS IN THE MORNING ? COMPLAINTS OF A PATIENT WITH ACUTE CONJUNCTIVITIS? + FEELING OF SAND IN THE EYES - REDNESS OF THE EYELID - RAINBOW RINGS COMPARED TO LIGHT - EVENING PAIN IN THE EYE ? TREATMENT OF AN ACUTE ATTACK OF GLAUCOMA: + ALL ANSWERS ARE CORRECT - MIOTIC DROPS - PRESCRIBING BETA-ADRENOBLOCKERS - SYMPATHOMIMETICS DRIP ? WHICH DISEASE IS A COMPLICATION OF DACROADENITIS? +FLU - FRONTITIS - MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION - DIABETES ? THE MAIN SYMPTOM OF BLEPHARITIS? + PANCREATIC SWELLING - ECTRAPION - AN OUTWARD TURNING OF THE SKULL - LOCAL TEMPERATURE RISE ?WHATISINCLUDEDINTHEDRAINAGESYSTEMOFTHEEYE:: + SCHLEMM CHANNEL - VORTICUS ARTERIES - A BAG OF TEARS - TEAR POINTS ?WHATISDETERMINEDINTHEHISTOLOGICALEXAMINATIONOFTHECORNEA: + ANTERIOR EPITHELIUM - FRONT LIMITER PLATE - ANTERIOR PIGMENT EPITHELIUM - BACK PIGMENT EPITHELIUM ? A CHARACTERISTIC CLINICAL SIGN OF A CREEPING ULCER OF THE CORNEA + EARLY IRIDOCYCLITIS - KERATOGLOBUS - KERATOCONUS - HYPHEMA ? CAUSES OF TEARS: + ALL THE ANSWERS ARE CORRECT - NON-SUBMERGENCE OF TEAR POINTS INTO TEAR POOLS - INFLAMMATION OF TEAR DUCTS - INFLAMMATION OF THE LACRIMAL SAC ? A COMMON COMPLICATION OF PURULENT CORNEAL ULCER? + ENDOPHTHALMUS - PINGUECULA - PANNUS - KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS ? THE ELEMENT THAT MAKES UP THE OPTICAL SYSTEM OF THE EYE? + INTRAOCULAR FLUID - SCLERA - CHORIOIDEA - RETINA ? THE ELEMENT THAT MAKES UP THE OPTICAL SYSTEM OF THE EYE? + VITREOUS BODY - SCLERA - COLORFUL CURTAIN - KARACHIK ? A COMPLICATION OF KERATITIS? + BELMO - CATARACT - MYOPIA - HYPERMETROPIA ? A COMPLICATION OF KERATITIS? + CORNEAL ULCER - HYPERMETROPIA - GLAUCOMA - CATARACT ? TYPE OF ASTIGMATISM? + THE OPPOSITE - LINEAR - LINEAR - TERMINAL ? TYPE OF ASTIGMATISM? + COMPLICATED - LINEAR - SECONDARY - COMPLICATED ? TYPE OF ASTIGMATISM? + SIMPLE - GLAUCOMA - TERMINAL - CATARACT ? TYPE OF ASTIGMATISM? + CURVED AXIS - CATARACT - DOUBLE SIDED - COMPLICATED ? TEAR FUNCTION? + BACTERIOCYTE - OBSTRUCTED - CREATES LIBIDO - FORMS BONE CELLS ? IMMUNE FACTOR IN TEARS? + LACTOFERRIN - GLOBULIN - PROSTAGLANDIN - CHOLINESTERASE ? IMMUNE FACTOR IN TEARS? + INTERFERON - GLOBULIN - BRADY'S - HISTAMINE ? INNERVATION OF THE LACRIMAL GLAND? + LACRIMAL NERVE - MOTORIZED - BLOCKY NERVE - OPTIC NERVE ? TEARS ENTER THE DRAINAGE SYSTEM? + ISLAND OF TEARS - WELL OF TEARS - KRAUSE'S GLAND - MANSA GLAND ? TEARS ENTER THE DRAINAGE SYSTEM? + TEAR SAC - WELL OF TEARS - TEAR GLAND - TUNGSTEN GLAND ? AT WHAT AGE IS THE RISK OF DEVELOPING MYOPIA? +17 -40 -2 -5 ? NAME THE GLAND LOCATED IN THE CONJUNCTIVA OF THE EYELID? + GENLY - SCHULTZ - BEKHTEREV - ASHOV TALALAYEV ? WHAT CONGENITAL ANOMALIES DO YOU KNOW? + DEUTERANAMALIA - QUADRANOMALY - CYANOPSIA - ERYTROPIA ? WHAT CONGENITAL ANOMALIES DO YOU KNOW? + DICHROMASIA - PENTANOPSIA - NORMAL TRICHROMASIA - XANTHOPSIA ? DETERMINE THE NORMAL INDICATOR OF KIB (TONOMETRIC)? + 18 MM. CM. ABOVE - 29 MM. CM. ABOVE - 13 MM. CM. ABOVE - 28 MM. CM. ABOVE ? DEFINE A NORMAL PERIMETRIC BOUNDARY FOR WHITE? + HIGH - 50 DEGREES - INTERNAL - 80 DEGREES - INTERNAL - 50 DEGREES - EXTERNAL - 60 DEGREES ? WHEN THE CANALICULAR TEST IS POSITIVE, THE EYEBALL IS LEFT 3%. WHEN DOES IT FADE AFTER STAINING WITH COLLARGOLI? + AFTER 1-2 MINUTES - AFTER 3-4 MINUTES - 5 MINUTES - 10 MINUTES ? ANOREXIA IS + ABSENCE OF APPETITE - INABILITY TO SWALLOW - EXCESSIVELY INCREASED APPETITE - INCREASED FOOD INTAKE ? AGRANULOCYTOSIS IS + ABSENCE OR SHARP DECREASE IN THE ABSOLUTE NUMBER OF GRANULOCYTES IN THE BLOOD; - DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF LYMPHOCYTES AND MONOCYTES IN THE BLOOD; - INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF GRANULOCYTES IN THE BLOOD; - A SHARP DECREASE IN RETICULOCYTES IN THE BLOOD. ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF DUODENAL ULCER , IT IS OF GREAT IMPORTANCE + ACID-CHEMICAL AGGRESSION - REDUCTION OF THE PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF THE GASTRIC MUCOSA - REGENERATION OF THE INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM - ADEQUATE BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE INTESTINAL WALLS ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERLACTATACIDEMIA , IT IS IMPORTANT + ACTIVATION OF ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS - INCREASED GLYCOGENOLYSIS - ACTIVATION OF LIPOLYSIS - OXIDATION AMPLIFICATION IN THE KREBS CYCLE ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF NEPHRITIC EDEMA, THE LEADING ROLE IS PLAYED BY: + ACTIVATION OF THE RENIN- ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM - HYPOXIA OF BLOOD PLASMA - VIOLATION OF LYMPH OUTFLOW - INCREASED VASCULAR WALL PERMEABILITY ? ASPHYXIA IS + ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE - DIFFICULTY AND LENGTHENING OF INSPIRATION - DIFFICULTY AND LENGTHENING OF EXHALATION - HYPERVENTILATION OF THE LUNGS ? A WOMAN TURNED TO A MEDICAL AND GENETIC CONSULTATION TO ESTABLISH THE LIKELIHOOD OF HEMOPHILIA DURING THE BIRTH OF HER SON. HER HUSBAND SUFFERS FROM THIS DISEASE. THE WOMAN AND HER PARENTS ARE HEALTHY. WHAT IS THE PROBABILITY OF THE APPEARANCE OF THE DISEASE IN BOYS IN THIS FAMILY? + ALL BOYS WILL BE HEALTHY - 50% OF BOYS WILL BE SICK - 25% OF BOYS WILL BE SICK - ALL BOYS WILL BE SICK ? ACETYLCHOLINE, BRADYKININ, HISTAMINE CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF + ARTERIAL HYPEREMIA - ISCHEMIA - THROMBOSIS - EMBOLISM ?... IS A CHRONIC DISEASE, THE MAIN MANIFESTATIONS OF WHICH ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE FORMATION OF PLAQUES SPECIFIC TO THIS PATHOLOGY IN THE ARTERY WALL, CAUSING A VIOLATION OF BLOOD FLOW IN ORGANS AND TISSUES. + ATHEROSCLEROSIS - FIBROSIS - AMYLOIDOSIS - HYALINOSIS ? ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCKADES ARE CAUSED BY A VIOLATION OF THE CONDUCTION OF IMPULSES BY + ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE - CONDUCTING SYSTEM OF THE ATRIA - THE MAIN TRUNK OF THE GIS BUNDLE - ALL BRANCHES OF THE GIS BUNDLE ? BY ACTIVATING WHICH COMPONENT OF THE COMPLEMENT, THE ALTERNATIVE ACTIVATION OF THE COMPLEMENT IN INFLAMMATION BEGINS? +C3 -C1 -C5 -C1S ? ERYTHROCYTE ANISOCYTOSIS IS + CHANGES IN THE SIZE OF RED BLOOD CELLS; - ERYTHROCYTE HYPERCHROMIA; - TARGET-SHAPED RED BLOOD CELLS; - ERYTHROCYTES WITH PATHOLOGICAL INCLUSIONS; ?... IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE PROLIFERATION OF A POOL OF MONOCYTIC CELLS IN THE BLOOD AND TISSUES. + CHRONIC MONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA - CHRONIC MYELOPROLIFERATIVE LEUKEMIAS. - ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA - CHRONIC LYMPHOBLASTIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA ? THE BASIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPRESSION ISCHEMIA IS: + COMPRESSION OF AN ARTERY OR ARTERIOLE BY A TUMOR, SCAR, EDEMATOUS FLUID - BLOOD REDISTRIBUTION - REDUCTION OF THE LUMEN OF AN ARTERY OR ARTERIOLE BY A THROMBUS, EMBOLUS - LOCAL ACCUMULATION OF SUBSTANCES WITH VASOCONSTRICTOR EFFECT ? THE BASIS OF THE VIOLATION OF THE FEEDBACK MECHANISM IS + DECREASED SENSITIVITY OF HYPOTHALAMIC CENTERS THAT PERCEIVE FLUCTUATIONS IN HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE BLOOD - INCREASE IN STATIN PRODUCTION - INCREASED HORMONE PRODUCTION OF THE ADENOHYPOPHYSIS - REDUCTION OF STATIN PRODUCTION ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF PERIODIC RESPIRATION , IT IS IMPORTANT + DECREASED SENSITIVITY OF THE RESPIRATORY CENTER TO CO2 - INCREASED SENSITIVITY OF THE RESPIRATORY CENTER TO CO2 - AROUSAL OF THE RESPIRATORY CENTER - CONSTANT STIMULATION OF INSPIRATORY NEURONS OF THE RESPIRATORY CENTER ? CREATINE PHOSPHOKINASE ACTIVITY IN CARDIOMYOCYTE DAMAGE + DECREASES IN CARDIOMYOCYTES, INCREASES IN BLOOD PLASMA - INCREASES IN CARDIOMYOCYTES - DECREASES IN BLOOD PLASMA - INCREASES IN CARDIOMYOCYTES AND DECREASES IN BLOOD PLASMA ? BRADYPNEA IS OBSERVED WHEN + DEPRESSION OF THE RESPIRATORY CENTER - HEART FAILURE - HYPOXIA - PNEUMONIA ? AMINACIDURIA CAN OCCUR WHEN + DIABETES MELLITUS - EXCESS OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS - PROTEIN STARVATION - INSUFFICIENCY OF THE ENZYME SYSTEMS OF THE RENAL TUBULES ? THE BASIS OF VENOUS HYPEREMIA IS + DIFFICULTY IN BLOOD OUTFLOW - INCREASED BLOOD FLOW - SCLEROTIC CHANGES OF THE ARTERIES - REFLEX EXPANSION OF ARTERIOLES ? BASOPHILIC ADENOMA OF THE ADENOHYPOPHYSIS LEADS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF + DISEASES OF ITSENKO- KUSHIING - ACROMEGALY - HYPERTHYROIDISM - GIGANTISM ? ALLERGIC DISEASES ARE + DISEASES WITH HEREDITARY PREDISPOSITION - HEREDITARY DISEASES - GENE DISEASES - CHROMOSOMAL DISEASES ? IMMUNOGLOBULINS OF THE CLASS PARTICIPATE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS OF THE TYPEI +E -M -A -G ? BULEMIA IS + EXCESSIVELY INCREASED APPETITE - INABILITY TO SWALLOW - LACK OF APPETITE - INCREASED FOOD INTAKE ? THE IMMUNOLOGICAL STAGE OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS IS BASED ON + FORMATION OF ANTIBODIES, SENSITIZED T-LYMPHOCYTES - DEGRANULATION OF MAST CELLS - THE REACTION OF CELLS TO THE ACTION OF ALLERGY MEDIATORS - FORMATION OF KININS ? ANTIATHEROGENIC PROPERTIES ARE + HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS - VERY LOW DENSITY - LIPOPROTEINS INTERMEDIATE DENSITY - LIPOPROTEINS LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS ? ALLERGIC INFLAMMATION IS AN EXAMPLE + HYPERERGIA - HYPO- ALLERGIES - NORMOERGIES - TRACE REACTION ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERLACTATACIDEMIA , IT IS IMPORTANT + IMPAIRED LIVER FUNCTION (MEASLES CYCLE) - INCREASED GLYCOGENOLYSIS - ACTIVATION OF LIPOLYSIS - ENHANCEMENT OF GLYCOGENESIS ? ACHOLIA IS THE ABSENCE OF BILE + IN THE INTESTINE - IN THE URINE - IN THE BLOOD - IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ? ARTERIAL HYPEREMIA IS + INCREASED BLOOD FILLING OF AN ORGAN OR TISSUE DUE TO INCREASED BLOOD FLOW - INCREASED BLOOD FILLING OF AN ORGAN OR TISSUE DUE TO DIFFICULTY IN BLOOD OUTFLOW - DECREASE IN BLOOD FILLING OF AN ORGAN OR TISSUE DUE TO A DECREASE IN BLOOD FLOW - LOCAL STOP OF BLOOD FLOW IN THE VESSELS OF THE MICROCIRCULATORY BED, MOST OFTEN IN THE CAPILLARIES ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF VENOUS HYPEREMIA IN INFLAMMATION , IT IS IMPORTANT + INCREASED BLOOD VISCOSITY - ARTERIOLE DILATION - THE EFFECT OF ACETYLCHOLINE ON THE VASCULAR WALL - INCREASED BLOOD FLOW ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF EXUDATION , IT IS IMPORTANT + INCREASED OSMOTIC AND ONCOTIC TISSUE PRESSURE - LOWERING BLOOD PRESSURE - DECREASE IN VASCULAR WALL PERMEABILITY - INCREASE IN ONCOTIC BLOOD PRESSURE ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HEMATURIA , IT IS IMPORTANT + INCREASED PERMEABILITY OF THE FILTER MEMBRANE OF THE BOWMAN-SHUMLYANSKYCAPSULE - VIOLATION OF REABSORPTION PROCESSES IN THE DISTAL RENAL TUBULES - VIOLATION OF REABSORPTION PROCESSES IN THE PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES - VIOLATION OF SECRETION PROCESSES IN THE RENAL TUBULES ? THE BASIS OF PATHOGENETIC THERAPY IS THE EFFECT ON + LEADING LINKS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE DISEASE - THE CAUSE OF THE DISEASE - CONDITIONS OF THE DISEASE OCCURRENCE - REACTIVITY OF THE BODY ? THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANGIOSPASTIC ISCHEMIA IS BASED ON: + LOCAL ACCUMULATION OF SUBSTANCES WITH VASOCONSTRICTOR EFFECT (NOREPINEPHRINE, ANGIOTENSIN) - COMPRESSION OF AN ARTERY OR ARTERIOLE BY A SCAR, TUMOR, EDEMATOUS FLUID. - REDUCTION OF THE LUMEN OF THE ARTERY OR ARTERIOLE DUE TO THROMBOSIS, EMBOLISM. - INCREASED TISSUE CONSUMPTION OF OXYGEN AND SUBSTRATES METABOLISM ? FIRST OF ALL, THE VIOLATION OF CELL MEMBRANES DEVELOPS WHEN DAMAGED + MECHANICAL - THERMAL - CHEMICAL - BIOLOGICAL ? A RAPID RISE IN TEMPERATURE IN THE FIRST STAGE OF FEVER IS ACCOMPANIED BY + MUSCLE TREMORS AND CHILLS - TACHYPNEA - REDNESS OF THE SKIN - LOWERING BLOOD PRESSURE ? ONCOGENE ACTIVATION OCCURS DUE TO + MUTATIONS - HYPOGLYCEMIA - INFLAMMATION - NECROSIS ? ASTHENIC CONSTITUTION PREDISPOSES TO DEVELOPMENT + PEPTIC ULCER OF THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM - CORONARY HEART DISEASE - CHOLELITHIASIS - HYPERTENSION ? THE PATHOGENESIS OF PRIMARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION INVOLVES: + PERSISTENT INCREASED EXCITABILITY AND HYPERERGIA OF THE HIGHER SYMPATHETIC NERVE CENTERS - PROLONGED INHIBITION OF EMOTIONAL CENTERS - INCREASING THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX ON THE PRESSOR CENTERS - INCREASED PRODUCTION OF NATRIURETIC HORMONE ? BRADYPNEA IS + RARE BREATHING - FREQUENT, DEEP BREATHING - FREQUENT, SHALLOW BREATHING - PERIODIC BREATHING ? IN THE FIRST STAGE OF CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE , THERE IS + REDUCTION OF GLOMERULAR FILTRATION TO 50% - INCREASED CREATININE CONTENT IN THE BLOOD - AN INCREASE IN THE LEVEL OF UREA IN THE BLOOD - INCREASE OF RESIDUAL NITROGEN IN THE BLOOD ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF SINUS BRADYCARDIA , IT IS IMPORTANT + SLOWING OF SPONTANEOUS DEPOLARIZATION OF THE CARDIOMYOCYTE MEMBRANE - ACCELERATION OF SPONTANEOUS DEPOLARIZATION OF THE CARDIOMYOCYTE MEMBRANE - THE APPEARANCE OF DAMAGE CURRENTS IN THE MYOCARDIUM - PROLONGATION OF THE PERIOD OF REFRACTORY CARDIOMYOCYTES ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF GOUT, A VIOLATION IS IMPORTANT + SOLUBILITY OF URIC ACID - SYNTHESIS OF UREA IN THE LIVER AND MUSCLES - SYNTHESIS AND EXCRETION OF BIOGENIC AMINES - EXCRETION OF AMMONIA THROUGH THE KIDNEYS ? ABSOLUTE ERYTHROCYTOSIS OCCURS + THE INHABITANTS OF THE HIGHLANDS - WHEN SWEATING PROFUSELY - WITH SIGNIFICANT DIARRHEA - FOR MYELOID LEUKEMIA ? THE BASIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEUKEMIA IS + UNCONTROLLED PROLIFERATION OF HEMATOPOIETIC CELLS - INCREASED ACTIVITY OF THE BODY'S ANTIBLASTOMA RESISTANCE - INCREASED ABILITY OF CELLS TO DIFFERENTIATE AND MATURE - REDUCED MITOTIC ACTIVITY OF CELLS ? IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF SINUS (RESPIRATORY) ARRHYTHMIA, IT IS IMPORTANT + VAGAL TONE FLUCTUATIONS - FORMATION OF AN ECTOPIC FOCUS OF IMPULSIVITY - VIOLATION OF THE CONDUCTION OF EXCITATION FROM THE ATRIA TO THE VENTRICLES - THE "RE-ENTRY" MECHANISM ? ATAXIA IS + VIOLATION OF TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL COORDINATION OF MOVEMENT - A TYPE OF MOTOR DISORDERS CHARACTERIZED BY EXCESSIVE MOVEMENTS - VIOLATION OF INITIATION AND MOVEMENT PLANNING - NECK DEFORMITY AND INCORRECT HEAD POSITION ? IN THE SMEAR: ANISOCYTOSIS AND POIKILOCYTOSIS OF ERYTHROCYTES, MEGALOCYTES, MEGALOBLASTS. + VITAMIN B12- FOLATE DEFICIENCY ANEMIA - ACUTE ACQUIRED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA - IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA - ACUTE POSTHEMORRHAGIC ANEMIA ? ABSOLUTE ERYTHROCYTOSIS OCCURS + WITH CHRONIC HYPOXIA - WHEN SWEATING PROFUSELY - WITH SIGNIFICANT DIARRHEA - FOR MYELOID LEUKEMIA ? ONSET OF PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA: + IT IS NON-SPECIFIC AND RESEMBLES ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS - IT IS NON-SPECIFIC AND RESEMBLES WHOOPING COUGH -SPECIFICALLY,ITBEGINSWITHA3-DAYRISEINBODYTEMPERATURETO40O - SPECIFICALLY, IT BEGINS WITH A RISE IN BODY TEMPERATURE TO 39O AND THE APPEARANCE OF A MACULAR-PAPULAR RASH ? ON THE RADIOGRAPH FOR PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA: + EMPHYSEMA AND HEAVY FOCAL SHADOWS WITH BLURRED CONTOURS - FOCAL AND INFILTRATIVE SHADOWS IN BASAL ZONES - FOCAL AND INFILTRATIVE SHADOWS IN BOTH LUNGS - THERE IS A CLOUD-LIKE SHADOW IN THE UPPER LOBE OF THE RIGHT LUNG ?ATWHATAGEARECHILDRENMORELIKELYTODEVELOPSTAPHYLOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA? + FROM 0 TO 3 YEARS OLD - AT 4-6 YEARS OLD - AT 6-8 YEARS OLD - AT 8-10 YEARS OLD ? THE LEADING PATHOGENETIC SYNDROMES IN STAPHYLOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA ARE: + NEUROTOXICOSIS, RESPIRATORY FAILURE - TOXICOSIS WITH EXICOSIS - EXICOSIS, DIARRHEA - GASTROINTESTINAL SYNDROME ? WHAT LUNG PERCUSSION DATA ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA? + SHORTENING OF TONE, SOMETIMES TYMPANITIS - TYMPANIC SOUND - SHORTENING THE PERCUSSION TONE - A DULL SOUND ?WHATARETHEMAINCLINICALSYMPTOMSOFSTAPHYLOCOCCALPNEUMONIAIN CHILDREN? + SHORTNESS OF BREATH, TOXICOSIS, TEMPERATURE UP TO 39 O - SHORTNESS OF BREATH, TEMPERATURE 38O - WET COUGH, SHORTNESS OF BREATH - DRY COUGH, NASOLABIAL TRIANGLE CYANOSIS ? CHOOSE A HERBAL MEDICINE PRESCRIBED FOR DRY COUGH: + ALTEYNY ROOT - ST JOHN'S WORT - THERMOPSIS - PLANTAIN ? COUGH WITH EXUDATIVE PLEURISY + DRY, PAROXYSMAL, LESS OFTEN WET - WET, WITH MUCOPURULENT SPUTUM - DRY, INTRUSIVE - WITH RUSTY PHLEGM ? THE TRAUBE SPACE DISAPPEARS WHEN: + LEFT-SIDED EXUDATIVE PLEURISY - EMPHYSEMA OF THE LUNGS - RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY - GASTRIC ULCER PERFORATIONS ? DETECTION OF SMALL VOLUMES OF FLUID IN THE PLEURAL CAVITY IS MOST EFFECTIVE WITH THE HELP OF: + ULTRASOUND METHOD - BRONCHOSCOPIES - NEEDLE BIOPSY OF THE PLEURA - X-RAY METHOD ? WHEN ACUTE PNEUMONIA IS COMPLICATED BY EXUDATIVE PLEURISY, IT IS INDICATED + DRAIN THE PLEURAL CAVITY - OXYGEN THERAPY - ELECTROPHYSIOTHERAPY - ASSIGN BUTADIONE ? SIGNS OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYNDROME IN ACUTE PNEUMONIA ARE ALL LISTED, EXCEPT: + MUSCLE HYPOTENSION - CYANOSIS - BRADYCARDIA - GRAYISH SKIN COLOR ? SIGNS OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYNDROME IN ACUTE PNEUMONIA ARE ALL LISTED, EXCEPT + MUSCLE HYPOTENSION - CYANOSIS - BRADYCARDIA - GRAYISH SKIN COLOR ?ATWHATAGEARECHILDRENMORELIKELYTODEVELOPPNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA? + FROM 1 TO 14 YEARS OLD - FROM 0 TO 3 YEARS OLD - FROM 6 MONTHS TO 1 YEAR - UP TO 1 YEAR ? THE LEADING PATHOGENETIC SYNDROMES IN PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA ARE + NO OBSTRUCTIVE SYNDROME - SEVERE TOXICOSIS WITH EXICOSIS - NEUROTOXICOSIS, DYSBIOSIS - CONVULSIONS, DYSBIOSIS ?WHATPERCUSSIONDATAINTHELUNGSARECHARACTERISTICOFPNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA + SHORTENING THE PERCUSSION SOUND - TYMPANIC SOUND - A DULL SOUND - LUNG SOUND WITH A BOXY TINT ? DESTRUCTION OF LUNG TISSUE IS POSSIBLE WITH PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY: + STAPHYLOCOCCUS, STREPTOCOCCUS, PNEUMOCOCCUS - CHLAMYDIA, LEGIONELLA - MYCOPLASMA, HEMOPHILIC BACILLUS - CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, PNEUMOCYSTIS ? DESTRUCTIVE PNEUMONIA OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL ETIOLOGY IS CHARACTERIZED BY: + LEUKOCYTOSIS, UNILATERAL LESION, PLEURAL COMPLICATIONS - MASSIVE LARGE-BUBBLE WHEEZES - BILATERAL AGREEMENTS - ABSENCE OF WHEEZING AT THE BEGINNING OF THE DISEASE ? INDICATIONS FOR INFUSION THERAPY FOR PNEUMONIA ARE + SEVERE EXICOSIS, DECREASED VOLUME OF CIRCULATING BLOOD, IMPAIRED MICROCIRCULATION - DRY COUGH - BODY TEMPERATURE 38 - PERSISTENT COUGH ? CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR ACUTE PNEUMONIA ARE PRESCRIBED AS A MEANS OF COMBATING: + BRAIN EDEMA, PULMONARY EDEMA, DIC SYNDROME - HYPERTHERMIA, DIARRHEA - SHORTNESS OF BREATH, EXSICOSIS - COUGH, DYSBIOSIS ? EFFECTIVE FOR PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA ARE: + CEPHALOSPORINS, AMINOGLYCOSIDES, AND RIFAMPICIN - LEVAMIZOLE, ERYTHROMYTHCIN, NYSTATIN - SULFONYAMIDES, MACROLIDES, ANTIHISTAMINES PREP - ETHAZOLE, BISEPTOL, DIPHENHYDRAMINE ? EFFECTIVE FOR STREPTOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA ARE: + PENICILLIN, AMPICILLIN, MACROLIDES - MACROLIDES, SULFONAMIDES - METRONIDAZOLE - LEVOMYCETIN ? EFFECTIVE FOR PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY HEMOPHYLUS INFLUENZAE ARE + AMPICILLIN, LEVOMYCETIN , GENTAMICIN - AMOXICILLIN, CARSIL - NYSTATIN, FURAZOLIDONE - CEFTRAXONE, METRONIDAZOLE ? EFFECTIVE IN MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA ARE: + ERYTHROMYCIN , SUMAMED - CEFTRAXONE, METRONIDAZOLE - AMPICILLIN, METRONIDAZOLE - GENTAMICIN, LEVOMYCETIN ? IN THE ETIOLOGY OF ACUTE (SIMPLE) BRONCHITIS, THE MOST COMMON ROLE IS PLAYED BY + MS VIRUS , INFLUENZA VIRUS, MYCOPLASMA - CMV, STREPTOCOCCI - STREPTOCOCCUS, MS VIRUS, - STAPHYLOCOCCI, CHLAMYDIA ? WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF METAPNEUMONIC PLEURISY, IT IS NECESSARY TO PRESCRIBE + PUNCTURE OF THE PLEURAL CAVITY, CHANGE OF ANTIBIOTICS - CORTICOSTEROIDS - ANTIVIRAL DRUG - ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION ? LIST THE TYPES OF PLEURISY BY CLASSIFICATION + COSTAL , CHYLOUS, FIBRINOUS , DRY - ATELECTATIC, HEREDITARY - ALLERGIC, MEDICINAL - CONGENITAL, ACQUIRED ? THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF PNEUMONIA INCLUDE:: + HEREDITARY ISSUES - NOSOCOMIAL SERVICES - IN PERSONS WITH REDUCED IMMUNITY - OUT-OF-HOSPITAL (HOME) SERVICES ? AMONG THE PATHOGENS OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA ARE MOST COMMON + STAPHYLOCOCCUS MYCOPLASMA CHLAMYDIA - STREPTOCOCCUS, E COLI - MS VIRUS, TOXOPLASMA - PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA, ADENOVIRUSES ? AMONG THE PATHOGENS OF NOSOCOMIAL PNEUMONIA ARE MOST COMMON: + STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, ESCHERICHIA COLI , PROTEUS, HEMOPHILIC BACILLUS - FUNGI, CMV, AND HERPES - STREPTOCOCCUS, MS VIRUS, - E COLI ? THE PATHWAYS OF THE PATHOGEN SPREAD IN PNEUMONIA ARE: + BRONCHOGENIC, HEMATOGENIC, AND LYMPHOGENIC - ALIMENTARY,ASCENDING,HEMATOGENIC - ASCENDING,BRONCHOGENIC,ALIMENTARY - INTESTINAL, LYMPHOGENIC,HEMATOGENIC ?MAINLY,THEBRONCHOGENICPATHWAYOFINFECTIONISOBSERVEDINPNEUMONIA CAUSED BY INFECTION: + PNEUMOCOCCUS, LEGIONELLA, PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA - E COLI - PNEUMOCYSTIS - CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ? PNEUMONIA BY TYPE IS DIVIDED INTO: + FOCAL , INTERSTITIAL , SEGMENTAL , CROUPOUS - SINGLE-SIDED, TWO-SIDED - COMPLICATED, UNCOMPLICATED - ACUTE, CHRONIC ? PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS IN PNEUMONIA ARE CONSIDERED TO BE: + PNEUMOTHORAX , DESTRUCTION, PYOPNEUMOTHORAX , ABSCESS - HEART FAILURE - INFECTIOUS AND TOXIC SHOCK - DIC-SYNDROME, ? THE MOST COMMON EXTRAPULMONARY COMPLICATIONS OF PNEUMONIA ARE: + DIC-SYNDROME - ABCESS - DESTRUCTION, - HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME ? IN THE CLINICAL PICTURE OF CROUP PNEUMONIA, THE FOLLOWING ARE NOTED:: + PAIN IN THE SIDE, GENTLE BREATHING, WEAK BREATHING - WHEEZING OF BREATH, EPIGASTRIC PAIN - PUERILE RESPIRATION, MYTS RIGIDITY - HARD BREATHING, CRAMPS ? WHAT IS THE ETIOLOGY OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS? + NOT KNOWN - INFECTIOUS - PARASITIC - VIOLATION OF INNERVATION ?WHATISTHEMOSTCOMMONCLINICALSIGNOFULCERATIVECOLITIS? + FREQUENT BLOODY BOWEL MOVEMENTS - SPILLED ABDOMINAL PAIN - LOOSE STOOLS - CONSTIPATION ? WHAT LABORATORY AND INSTRUMENTAL STUDY WILL CHARACTERIZE THE SECRETORY FUNCTION OF THE STOMACH + FRACTIONAL STUDY OF GASTRIC JUICE - ELECTROGASTROGRAPHY - GASTROFIBROSCOPY - DUODENAL SENSING ? SIGNS OF INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS ARE ? + INCREASED LEVELS OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE - INDICATORS OF THE BROMOSULFALEIN SAMPLE - THE LEVEL OF GAMMA GLOBULINS - THE LEVEL OF AMINOTRANSFERASES ? IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER, THE CRUCIAL TEST IS ? + NONE OF THE LISTED TESTS - SAMPLE WITH BROMOSULFALEIN - BILIRUBIN LEVEL - THYMOL TEST ? ASCITES IN CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER OCCURS DUE TO ? + HYPOALBUMINEMIA, PORTAL HYPERTENSION - DIC SYNDROME - HEART FAILURE - RESPIRATORY FAILURE ? WHAT DRUGS HAVE THE PROPERTY OF DISSOLVING GALLSTONES? + URSOFALK - NICODINUS - ALLAHOL - FURAZOLIDONE ? WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SYMPTOMS IS POSITIVE FOR CHOLECYSTITIS + KERA'S SYMPTOM - RABBLE SYMPTOM - SHCHETKIN-BLUMBERG SYMPTOM - KACHA SYMPTOM ?WHATCHANGESAREDETERMINEDDURINGX-RAYEXAMINATIONOFPATIENTSWITH PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE ? + CONVERGENCE OF FOLDS, A SYMPTOM OF A "NICHE" - BARIUM RETENTION IN THE STOMACH - HYPERPERISTALSIS - CLOIBER BOWLS ? ONE OF THE DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR NEPHROTIC SYNDROME: + PR OTEINURIA 3GR L PER DAY - HEMATURIA - INCREASED BLOOD PRESSURE - BACTERIURIA ? SPECIFY A DIAGNOSTIC CRITERION THAT IS NOT TYPICAL FOR THE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME: + COLOR OF URINE OF MEAT SLOPS - PROTEINURIA ABOVE 3 5 G / DAY - HYPOALBUMINEMIA - MASSIVE EDEMA ? INDICATE THE CHARACTERISTIC SIGN OF CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS DURING EXCRETORY UROGRAPHY: + DEFORMITY OF THE CALICO-PELVIC SYSTEM - SYMMETRICAL LESIONS - INCREASED KIDNEY SIZE - THE"BLADE" SYMPTOM ? INCREASED LEUKOCYTURIA, CYLINDURIA IS CHARACTERISTIC OF: + ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS - TUBULAR NECROSIS - NEPHROTIC SYNDROME - NEPHRITIC SYNDROME ? AN INCREASE IN THE SIZE OF BOTH KIDNEYS DURING X-RAY EXAMINATION IS CHARACTERISTIC OF: + POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE - CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS - CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS - TUBERCULOSIS OF THE KIDNEYS ?REPRESENTATIVESOFWHATTYPEOFPSYCHOPATHYAREMORELIKELYTO ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG ADDICTION + UNSTABLE - SCHIZOID - ASTHENIC - AFFECTIVE ? WHAT IS DONE IN THE EVENT OF A REACTIVE PSYCHOSIS THAT AROSE DURING THE JUDICIAL INVESTIGATION + TEMPORARILY DISMISS THE CRIMINAL CASE - LITIGATION CONTINUES - RECOGNIZED AS INSANE - RECOGNIZED AS INSANE ? WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE NEUROSIS OF OBSESSIVE FEARS IN CONNECTION WITH THE UPCOMING ACTIONS + OBSESSIONAL NEUROSIS - COMPULSIVE NEUROSIS - HYSTERICAL NEUROSIS - ASTHENIC NEUROSIS ? WHAT IS THE NAME OF A NEUROSIS CHARACTERIZED BY INCREASED IRRITABILITY, FATIGUE AND EXHAUSTION + NEURASTHENIA - HYSTERICAL NEUROSIS - COMPULSIVE NEUROSIS - LOGONEUROSIS ? WHAT TYPE OF DRUG ADDICTION IS THE REGULAR USE OF KUKNAR + OPIUM - HASHISH - KAKOINOMANIA - HEROIN ? THE MOST RELIABLE CRITERION FOR DIAGNOSING DRUG ADDICTION + WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS IN DRUG WITHDRAWAL - APPEARANCE AND MENTAL DEPENDENCE - DRUG DETECTION - DEVELOPMENT OF INTOXICATION PSYCHOSIS ? WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF TETURAM IN THE TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLISM + SENSITIZATION - DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAG REFLEX - DETOXIFICATION - RESTORATIVE THERAPY ? THE MAIN CRITERION FOR DIFFERENTIATING THE TRANSITION OF DOMESTIC DRUNKENNESS INTO CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM (EXCEPT) + THE APPEARANCE OF BINGE - THE EMERGENCE OF PATHOLOGICAL ATTRACTION - DECREASED GAG REFLEX - INCREASING TOLERANCE TO ALCOHOL ? THE MAIN SYMPTOM OF THE 2ND STAGE OF ALCOHOLISM + FORMATION OF WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME - FORMATION OF CRITICAL DOSE SYMPTOMS - FORMATION OF TOLERANCE PLATEAU SYMPTOMS - THE FORMATION OF BINGES ? WHICH DRUG DOES NOT CAUSE PARKINSON-LIKE SIDE EFFECTS + SONAPAX - AMINAZIN - TRIFTAZIN - TRISEDIL ? WHICH NEUROLEPTIC HAS THE MOST PRONOUNCED SIDE HYPOTENSIVE EFFECT + AMINAZINE - HALOPRIDOL - TRIFTAZIN - FRENOLON ? WHAT IS THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE ONSET OF SCHIZOPHRENIA WITH NEGATIVE DISORDERS + UNFAVORABLE - AUSPICIOUS - DOESN'T MATTER - MALIGNANT FORM ? WHAT IS THE NAME OF AN ATTACK OF SCHIZOPHRENIA THAT LEAVES BEHIND A PERSONALITY DEFECT + FUR COAT - PERIODIC - CONTINUOUS - PROGREDIENT ? WHAT IS THE PERIOD OF ALMOST COMPLETE RECOVERY BETWEEN BOUTS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA CALLED? + REMISSION - FUR COAT - PHASE - INTERMISSION ? FALSE PERCEPTION OF REAL CONVERSATIONS OF OTHER PEOPLE + VERBAL ILLUSIONS - AFFECTIVE ILLUSIONS - HALLUCINATIONS - CONFABULATIONS ?WHATSYNDROMEISCHARACTERIZEDBYACOMBINATIONOFDELUSIONSOF PERSECUTION AND INFLUENCE, MENTAL AUTOMATISM AND PSEUDOHALLUCINATIONS + KANDINSKY-CLERAMBAULT SYNDROME - CAPGRAS SYNDROME - KORSAKOV'S SYNDROME - GANSER SYNDROME ? HALLUCINATIONS OCCURRING BEFORE FALLING ASLEEP WITH EYES CLOSED AGAINST A DARK BACKGROUND + HYPNOGOGIC - FUNCTIONAL - HYGRIC - HYPNOPOMPIC ? WHAT DISEASE IS CHARACTERIZED BY BROKEN THINKING + SCHIZOPHRENIA - ALCOHOLISM - EPILEPSY - PSYCHOPATHY ?WHATTYPEOFDEPRESSIONISACCOMPANIEDBYMOTOREXCITATIONWITH PRONOUNCED ANXIETY + AGITATED - ADYNAMIC - ANESTHETIC - VITAL ?WHATTYPEOFDEPRESSIONISACCOMPANIEDBYADISORDEROF SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS IN THE FORM OF A FEELING OF LOSS OF ONE S OWN PROCESSES, LACK OF EMOTIONS + ANESTHETIC - AGITATED - ADYNAMIC - STUPOROUS ? SADLY MALICIOUS GLOOMY GLOOMY MOOD WITH IRRITABILITY, ANGER + DYSPHORIA - EUPHORIA - APATHY - ASTHENIA ? DEPRESSIVE STATE OCCUPYING AN INTERMEDIATE POSITION BETWEEN ENDOGENOUS AND PSYCHOGENIC FORMATIONS + ENDOREACTIVE DEPRESSION - DEPRESSION WITH NIHILISTIC DELUSIONS - SENESTOPATHIC DEPRESSION - DEPRESSION WITH DELUSIONS OF INTERMETAMORPHOSIS ? IN WHAT FORM OF ALCOHOLIC PSYCHOSIS IS A VIOLATION OF CONSCIOUSNESS + DELIRIUM - PARANOID - VERBAL HALLUCINOSIS - KORSAKOV'S PSYCHOSIS ? WHAT TACTICS OF PSYCHOPHARMACOTHERAPY IN SYMPTOMATIC PSYCHOSIS + NOT HIGH DOSES AND GRADUAL BUILD-UP - A SHARP INCREASE IN THE DOSE OF THE DRUG - CONSTANT LEVEL OF DOSES OF DRUGS, REGARDLESS OF THE SEVERITY OF THE CONDITION - ABRUPT DISCONTINUATION OF DRUGS UPON IMPROVEMENT ? WHAT TYPE OF PSYCHOPATHY ARE DYSTHYMICS AND HYPERTHYMICS + AFFECTIVE - PSYCHOASTHENIC - ASTHENIC - EXCITABLE ? CONGENITAL DISHARMONY OF THE MENTAL MAKE-UP OF A PERSON IS CALLED + PSYCHOPATHY - NEUROSIS - HYSTERIA - NEURASTHENIA ? NEUROSIS ARISING FROM LONG PERIODS OF MENTAL AND PHYSICAL FATIGUE IS CALLED + NEURASTHENIA - DEPRESSION - OBSESSION - PSYCHOPATHY ? IRRESISTIBLE DESIRE FOR THEFT, APPROPRIATION OF OTHER PEOPLE'S THINGS + KLEPTOMANIA - DROMOMANIA - PYROMANIA - GRAPHOMANIA ? WHAT IS THE NAME OF DEMENTIA ACQUIRED AS A RESULT OF THE DISEASE + DEMENTIA - PARAPHRENIA - OLIGOPHRENIA - HEBEPHRENIA ? THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ONEIROID STATE AND OTHER TYPES OF CLOUDING OF CONSCIOUSNESS + DISORDER OF SELF-AWARENESS, DEPERSONALIZATION - SUDDEN OCCURRENCE - REVERSIBILITY CRITICAL OUTPUT - FANTASTIC EXPERIENCE ? WHAT IS THE NAME OF PATHOLOGICAL SILENCE - THE ABSENCE OF SPEECH CONTACT WHILE MAINTAINING ARTICULATORY FUNCTIONS + MUTISM - NEGATIVISM - PARAMNESIA - AUTIZATION ?DREAMY,DREAM-LIKEOBSCURATIONOFCONSCIOUSNESSWITHANINFLUXOF FANTASTICVISIONS + ONEIROID - STUN - DELIRIUM - OMENTIA ? RULE OUT A SYMPTOM THAT IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE TRIAD OF THE MAIN SIGNS OF DEPRESSION + TENDENCY TO CONSTIPATION - DEPRESSED MOOD - IDEATION INHIBITION - DECREASED MOTOR ACTIVITY ? WHAT IS PSEUDO-DEMENTIA? + CLINICAL FORM OF HYSTERICAL PSYCHOSIS - ACUTE KORSAKOFF SYNDROME - CLINICAL FORM OF SENILE DEMENTIA - BRIEF BLACKOUT ? PARTIAL EPILEPTIC SEIZURES MANIFESTED BY CONVULSIONS OF ONE HALF OF THE BODY + JACKSON'S SEIZURES - NARCOLEPTIC SEIZURES - CATALEPTIC SEIZURES - EPILEPSY KOZHEVNIKOV ? SIGN DISTINGUISHING PARANOID SYNDROME FROM PARANOID + ABSENCE OF HALLUCINATIONS AND PSEUDO-HALLUCINATIONS - SYSTEMATIZATION OF DELIRIUM - POLYTHEMATICITY OF DELUSIONAL DISORDERS - MAINTAINING CLARITY OF MIND ? WHAT TYPE OF CONFUSION CAN CAUSE THE SUGGESTION OF HALLUCINATORY SYMPTOMS OF REICHARD ASCHAFFENBURG LIPMANN WHEN PRESSING THE EYEBALLS + DELIRIUM - STUN - AMENTIA - ONEIROID ? IN WHAT DISEASE CAN THE EEG REVEAL PATHOLOGICAL BIOELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN THE FORM OF HIGH-AMPLITUDE WAVES OF THE PEAK WAVE TYPE + EPILEPSY - SCHIZOPHRENIA - COMPULSIVE NEUROSIS - OLIGOPHRENIA ? WHO IS THE AUTHOR OF THE TERM SCHIZOPHRENIA + BLEYLER - KRAEPELIN - KORSAKOV - KRETSCHMER ? THE MAIN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTIC CRITERION BETWEEN SCHIZOPHRENIA AND BIPOLAR DISORDER + CLINICAL AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL PICTURE OF SEIZURES - SEIZURE FREQUENCY OR EXACERBATION - SIGNS OF PROGRESSION - LEVEL OF SOCIAL AND LABOR ADAPTATION ? PERCEPTION IS + REPRODUCTION IN THE MIND OF A HOLISTIC IMAGE - REFLECTION OF INDIVIDUAL PROPERTIES OF AN OBJECT -REVIVALINTHEMINDOFIMAGESPERCEIVEDINTHEPAST - REFLECTION OF OBJECTS AND PHENOMENA IN THEIR DEPENDENCE ? QUALIFY THE PATIENT'S SENSATIONS: "GURGLING IN THE HEAD", TURNING THE BRAIN + SENESTOPATHIES - ILLUSIONS - PSEUDO-HALLUCINATIONS - HYPERESTHESIA ? THE PATIENT SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THE TICKING OF THE CLOCK HEARS: "DRANK, DRANK, DRANK. SPECIFY THE TYPE OF DISORDER + FUNCTIONAL HALLUCINATION - COMMENTARY HALLUCINATIONS - ILLUSIONS - DEREALIZATION ? THE MAIN METHOD OF RESEARCH FOR VIOLATIONS OF PERCEPTION + TESTS - PATIENT MONITORING - INSTRUMENTAL RESEARCH - LABORATORY RESEARCH ? REFLECTION OF PAST EXPERIENCE, WHICH CONSISTS IN REMEMBERING AND PRESERVING SUBSEQUENT REPRODUCTION AND RECOGNITION OF WHAT WAS PERCEIVED BEFORE IS CALLED + MEMORY - ATTENTION - PERFORMANCE - FEELING ? WHAT SYNDROME IS CHARACTERIZED BY SHIFTING ATTENTION + MANIC SYNDROME - ANXIETY SYNDROME - ASTHENIC - DEPRESSIVE ? HYPERMNESIA CAN BE OBSERVED WHEN + MANIC SYNDROME - APATHETIC DEPRESSION - SCHIZOPHRENIA - PIQU? DISEASE ? WITH FIXATIVE AMNESIA, THE PATIENT IS UNABLE TO + REMEMBER CURRENT EVENTS - PLAY CURRENT EVENTS - REPLAY EVENTS PRIOR TO ILLNESS - REMEMBER DATES ? KORSAKOFF'S SYNDROME IS CHARACTERIZED BY + FIXATION AMNESIA, CONFABULATION, DISORIENTATION - FIXATION AMNESIA, RETROGRADE AMNESIA, PSEUDOREMINESCENCE - AMNESTIC APHASIA, CONFABULATION, ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA - CONFABULATIONS, RETROGRADE AMNESIA, PSEUDOREMINISCENCES ? 10TH SEGMENT OF BOTH LUNGS? + INFERO-POSTERIOR - LOWER-OUTER - BACK - INFEROANTERIOR ? 1ST SEGMENT OF THE SUPERIOR PULMONARY LOBULE? +TOP - BACK - FRONT - INTERNAL ? 2-SEGMENT OF THE SUPERIOR PULMONARY LOBULE? + BACK - FRONT - INTERNAL - EXTERNAL ? NAME RADIORESISTANT TUMORS. + MELANOMA. - RETICULOSARCOMA. - TIMOMA. - LYMPHOSARCOMA. ? 3-SEGMENT OF THE SUPERIOR PULMONARY LOBULE? + FRONT - CARTS - EXTERNAL -TOP ? 4-SEGMENT LEFT PULMONARY LOBULE? +TOP - BACK - LOWER - INFERO-POSTERIOR ? 4-SEGMENT PULMONARY LOBULE? + EXTERNAL (POSTERIOR-EXTERNAL) - LOWER-INNER - INFEROANTERIOR - INTERNAL ? 5-SEGMENT LEFT PULMONARY LOBULE? + LOWER -TOP - BACK - INFERO-POSTERIOR ? 5-SEGMENT PULMONARY LOBULE? + INTERNAL(FRONT-EXTERNAL) - EXTERNAL - LOWER-INNER - LOWER-OUTER ? 6-SEGMENT OF THE RIGHT PULMONARY LOBE? + UPPER (LOWER LOBULE) - BACK - INFERO-POSTERIOR -TOP ? 7-SEGMENT OF THE RIGHT PULMONARY LOBE? + ANTERIOR-INTERNAL - INFERO-POSTERIOR - BACK - LOWER-OUTER ? 7-SEGMENT OF THE RIGHT LUNG + CARDIAC SEGMENT - INFERO- POSTERIOR - BACK - LOWER- OUTER ? 8-SEGMENT OF BOTH LUNGS? + INFEROANTERIOR - INFERO-POSTERIOR -TOP - LOWER-OUTER ? 9-SEGMENT OF BOTH LUNGS + LOWER-OUTER - INFERO-POSTERIOR - CARDIAC SEGMENT - INFEROANTERIOR ? IS THE MOST COMMON NON-MALIGNANT TUMOR? + HEMANGIOMA - ADENOMA - NODULAR HYPERPLASIA - FIBROUS LESION ? IN WHAT MAIN PROJECTIONS ARE BONE RADIOGRAPHY PERFORMED? + ANTEROLATERAL - OBLIQUE - STRAIGHT - REAR ? WHAT PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES CAUSE KIDNEY SIZE TO DECREASE? + WRINKLING - HYDRONEPHROSIS - KIDNEY TUMORS -ICD ? IN WHICH JOINTS IS RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS LOCALIZED? + LARGE JOINTS OF THE LIMBS - SMALL JOINTS OF THE HANDS AND FEET - JOINT SPACES ARE WIDE - JOINT SPACES ARE NARROW ? IN WHAT UNITS WILL THE ABSORBED DOSE IN THE PATIENT'S BODY BE MEASURED? + X-RAYS - RADACH - GRAYS - AMPERE/KG ? IN WHICH ORGANS DO RADIOACTIVE RAYS ACCUMULATE MORE? + UPPER LIMB BONES - HEART - LUNGS - STOMACH AND INTESTINES ? IN WHAT MAIN PROJECTIONS ARE BONE X-RAYS TAKEN? + ANTEROLATERAL - STRAIGHT - LEFT-LATERAL - RIGHT-LATERAL ? IN WHAT PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES THE SIZE OF THE KIDNEYS INCREASES + HYDRONEPHROSIS, TUMORS, LARGE CYSTS - KIDNEY SHRINKAGE - PYELONEPHRITIS - GLOMERULONEPHRITIS ? IN WHAT CASES IS A SPLIT COURSE OF RADIATION THERAPY PRESCRIBED? + WEAKENED PATIENTS. - FOR FEBRILE CONDITIONS - IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. - TO REDUCE LOCAL RADIATION REACTIONS. ? IN WHAT CASES IS THE USE OF LEAD BLOCKS INDICATED? + TO CREATE CURLY FIELDS. - FOR SHIELDING VITAL ORGANS. - TO INCREASE THE DOSE IN THE AFFECTED AREA. - FOR LARGE TUMORS. ? IN WHAT CASES IS THE USE OF LEAD GRATINGS INDICATED? + WITH LOW SENSITIVITY OF THE TUMOR TO IONIZING RADIATION. - WITH REPEATED COURSES OF RADIATION THERAPY. - DURING A PREOPERATIVE COURSE OF RADIATION THERAPY. - TO PROTECT THE SKIN. ? IN WHAT CASES DO CHANGES IN THE CONTOURS OF THE KIDNEYS OCCUR: + FOR TUMORS - HYDRONEPHROSIS - JADES - PYELONEPHRITIS ? IN WHICH JOINTS IS RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS LOCALIZED? + IN THE LARGE JOINTS OF THE LIMBS - IN SMALL JOINTS OF THE LIMBS - INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS - ON THE SKULL ? IN WHAT PART OF THE DENTAL APPARATUS ARE X-RAYS GENERATED? + IN AN X-RAY TUBE - IN A STEP-DOWN TRANSFORMER - IN A STEP-UP TRANSFORMER - IN A TIME RELAY ? IN WHAT POSITION OF THE PATIENT IS THE ESOPHAGUS EXAMINED? + VERTICAL - HORIZONTAL - FRONT - REAR ? ARE THE CONTOURS OF THE GALLBLADDER NORMAL? + CLEAR AND EVEN - CLEAR AND UNEVEN - NOT CLEAR AND EVEN - NOT CLEAR AND NOT EVEN ? MRI EXAMINATION IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE SYSTEM. + IONIZING RAYS - RADIO WAVES - RADIO WAVE COIL - COMPUTER ? IN HOW MANY PROJECTIONS ARE RADIOGRAPHY GENERALLY PERFORMED? + RADIOGRAPHS IN 2 PROJECTIONS - X-RAYS IN 4 PROJECTIONS - X-RAYS IN 3 PROJECTIONS - RADIOGRAPHS IN 1 PROJECTION ?WHATISTHEESSENCEOFTHEINTENSIVEMETHODOFPREOPERATIVE IRRADIATION ? + IRRADIATION WITH LARGE FRACTIONS AT INTERVALS OF 48 HOURS. - IRRADIATION WITH MEDIUM FRACTIONS AFTER 48 HOURS. - IRRADIATION WITH LARGE FRACTIONS AFTER 24 HOURS. - IRRADIATION WITH LARGE FRACTIONS AFTER 12 HOURS. ? VENOGRAPHY (PHLEBOGRAPHY) STUDIES... + VEINS - ARTERIES - CAPILLARIES - AORTA ? VERTICAL SIZE OF THE THYROID GLAND? + 50MM - 20MM - 16MM - 30MM ? TYPE OF PANCREATIC CANCER ON ANGIOGRAPHY? + WITHOUT ROOT ZONE - EXPANSION OF CANCEROUS ROOTS - THICKENING OF ARTERY WALLS - THE GASTRIC PART IS NOT CHANGED ? TYPES OF BONE JOINTS? + SYNARTHROSIS - SYNDESMOS - DIARTHROS - OSTEOCHONDROSIS ? TIME TO HEAL FRACTURES IN OLD AGE? + 4-5 WEEKS - A WEEK - 2 WEEKS - 3 WEEKS ? TIME TO HEAL FRACTURES IN CHILDREN? + 3 WEEKS - 4-5 WEEKS - A WEEK - 2 WEEKS ? TIME TO TAKE A PICTURE OF AN EXCRETORY UROGRAM? + 7-15-25-40 MINUTES - 5-15-35 MINUTES - 25-40-90 MINUTES - 15-40-120 MINUTES ? AUXILIARY RESEARCH METHODS ARE: + MAMMOGRAPHY - FLUOROGRAPHY - ANGIOGRAPHY - FLUOROSCOPY ? SELECT THE TYPE OF IONIZING RADIATION FOR CLOSE FOCUS RADIATION THERAPY. + X-RAY. - GAMMA RADIATION. - BETA RADIATION. - HIGH-ENERGY BREMSSTRAHLUNG. ? SELECT THE GAMMA RADIATION SOURCES USED FOR LONG- DISTANCE GAMMA THERAPY. + RA -226. - CO-60. - CS -137. - I -13 ? SELECT METHODS FOR DELIVERING THE DOSE TO THE TUMOR DURING LONG- DISTANCE RADIOTHERAPY. + SINGLE-FIELD IRRADIATION. - MULTIFIELD IRRADIATION. - CONTINUOUS IRRADIATION. - IRRADIATION THROUGH LEAD BLOCKS AND GRATINGS. ? WHERE DOES THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION BEGIN AND END? + RIGHT VENTRICLE - LEFT ATRIUM - LEFT VENTRICLE - RIGHT ATRIUM - LEFT VENTRICLE - LEFT ATRIUM - RIGHT VENTRICLE - RIGHT ATRIUM ? WHERE IS THE THYMUS GLAND LOCATED? + BEHIND THE STERNUM - FRONT OF THROAT - ON THE SURFACE OF THE KIDNEYS - SADDLE TURCICA ? WHERE IS THE ADRENAL GLAND LOCATED? + ON THE SURFACE OF THE KIDNEYS - SADDLE TURCICA - FRONT OF THROAT - BEHIND THE STERNUM ? WHERE IS THE GROWING CARTILAGE LOCATED? + BETWEEN THE EPIPHYSIS AND METAPHYSIS - IN THE MIDDLE OF THE EPIPHYSIS - BETWEEN THE DIAPHYSIS AND METAPHYSIS - BETWEEN THE EPIPHYSIS AND DIAPHYSIS ? WHERE IS THE THYROID GLAND LOCATED? + FRONT OF THROAT - BEHIND THE STERNUM - ON THE SURFACE OF THE KIDNEYS - SADDLE TURCICA ? WHERE ARE PANCREATIC STONES LOCATED? + FROM THE LEFT AT THE LEVEL OF THE II-III LUMBAR VERTEBRA - IN THE STOMACH - AT THE BOTTOM OF THE LUMBAR VERTEBRA - AT THE LEVEL OF THE LARGE INTESTINE ? THE TERM ORTHOPAEDICS WAS COINED BY + NICHOLAS AUDREY - HUGH OWEN THOMAS - THOMAS BRYANT - SIR ROBERT JONES ? WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MUSCLES ARE STANCE PHASE MUSCLES? + QUADRICEPS. SOLEUS - GASTROCNEMIUS - HAMSTRING MUSCLES - ANTERIOR TIBIAL - PERONEUS LONGUS ? ORTOLANI'S TEST IS DONE FOR + CONGENITAL DISLOCATION HIP - DISLOCATION PATELLA - MENISCAL INJURY OF KNEE JOINT - PENHES' DISEASE ? WADDLING GAIT IS DUE TO + GLUTEAL MUSCLE WEAKNESS - PARAVERTEBRAL MUSCLE WEAKNESS - OBTURATOR NERVE PALSY - ADDUCTOR MUSCLE WEAKNESS ? ALL OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ABOUT A POSITIVE TRENDELENBERG'S SIGN ARE TRUE, EXCEPT + IF IT IS PRESENT ON BOTH THE SIDES, THE GAIT CAN LOOK NORMAL - IT OCCURS WITH PARALYSIS OF HIP ADDUCTORS - IT OCCURS WITH COXA VARA - IF IT IS PRESENT ON ONE SIDE, THE PATIENT HAS A LURCHING GAIT DOWNWARDS TOWARDS THE UNSUPPORTED SIDE ? ANTALGIC HIP GAIT IS RELATED TO WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING + PAINFUL HIP GAIT - TRENDELENBERG GAIT - WADDLING GAIT - SHONLEGGAIT ? ALL OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ABOUT A POSITIVE TRENDELENBERG'S SIGN ARE TRUE, EXCEPT + IF IT IS PRESENT ON BOTH THE SIDES, THE GAIT CAN LOOK NORMAL - IT OCCURS WITH PARALYSIS OF HIP ADDUCTORS - IT OCCURS WITH COXA VARA - IF IT IS PRESENT ON ONE SIDE, THE PATIENT HAS A LURCHING GAIT DOWNWARDS TOWARDS THE UNSUPPORTED SIDE ? TREATMENT OF CTEV SHOULD BEGIN : + SOON AFTER BIRTH - AFTER DISCHARGE FROM HOSPITAL - AFTERONEMONTH - AT 2 YEARS ? MOST IMPORTANT PATHOLOGY IN CLUB FOOT IS : + CONGENITAL TALONAVICULAR DISLOCATION - TIGHTENING OF TENDOACHILLES - CALCANEAL FRACTURE - LATERALDERANGEMENT ? IN A NEWBORN CHILD, ABDUCTION AND INTERNAL ROTATION PRODUCES A CLICK SOUNIT IS KNOWAS : + OTOROLANI'S SIGN - TELESCOPING SIGN - MC MURRAY'S SIGN - LACHMAN'SSIGN ? CLUB FOOT SEEN IN A 15 YEAR OLD COULD BE TREATED SUCCESSFULLY BY A : + TRIPLE ARTHRODESIS - SOFT TISSUE OPERATION - APPROPRIATE FOOTWEAR - QUADRPLEFUSION ? SPRENGEL'S DEFORMITY OF SCAPULA IS : + UNDESCENDED / ELEVATED SCAPULA - UNDESCENDED NECK OF SCAPULA - EXOSTOSISSCAPULA - NONE OF THE ABOVE ? TREATMENT OF CLUB FOOT SHOULD BEGIN : + AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AFTER BIRTH - 1 MONTH AFTER BIRTH - 1 YEAR AFTER BIRTH - NONE OF THE ABOVE ? TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC CASES OF CLUB FOOT IS : + TRIPLE ARTHRODESIS - DORSO MEDIAL RELEASE - AMPUTATION. - NONE ? PHOCOMELIA IS BEST DESCRIBED AS + DEFECT IN DEVELOPMENT OF LONG BONES - DEFECT IN DEVELOPMENT OF FLAT BONES - DEFECTOFINTRAMEMBRANOUSOSSIFICATION - DEFECT OF CARTILAGE REPLACEMENT BY BONE ? IN CORRECTION OF CLUBFOOT BY MANIPULATION, WHICH DEFORMITY SHOULD BE CORRECTED FIRST : + FOREFOOT ADDUCTION - VARUS - UPPER END TIBIA - CALCANEUM ? CHILD 3'/4 YEARS IS TREATED FOR CTEV BY + POSTERO MEDIAL SOFT TISSUE RELEASE - TRIPLE ARTHRODESIS - LATERALWEDGERESECTION - TENDO ACHILLES LENGTHENING AND POSTERIOR CAPSULATOMY ? VON ROSEN SPLINT IN USED IN +CDH - CTEV - FRACTURE SHAFT OF FEMUR - FRACTURETIBIA ? COMMONEST DEFORMITY IN CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP. + SMALL HEAD OF FEMUR - ANGLE OF TORSION - DECREASED NECK SHAFT ANGLE - SHALLOW ACETABULUM ? CLUB FOOT IN A NEW BORN IS TREATED BY + MANIPULATION BY THE MOTHER - SURGERY - DENNISBROWNSPLINT - STRAPPING ? TREATMENT OF CLUBFOOT IN NEW BORN IS + MANIPULATION AND CORRECTIVE SPLINT - CORRECTIVE SPLINT - C.NOTHING TO BE DONE FOR 6 MONTHS - SURGICAL ? IN A NEWBORN CHILD, ABDUCTION AND INTERNAL ROTATION PRODUCES A CLICK SOUNIT IS + OTOROLANI'S SIGN - TELESCOPING SIGN - LACHMAN'S SIGN - MC MURRAY'S SIGN ? SPRENGEL'S SHOULDER IS DUE TO DEFORMITY + SCAPULA - HUMERUS - CLAVICLE - VERTEBRA ? BARLOW'S SIGN IS RELATED TO THE DIAGNOSIS OF + CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP - ULNAR NERVE PALSY - GENU VARUM - TALIPESEQUINOVARUS ?THEWORD'TALIPES"REFERSTO + CLUB FEET - B.FLAT FEET - LONG FEET WITH SPIDERY TOES - HAMMERTOES ? IN CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP, NOT TRUE IS + ASYMMETRICAL CREASE - TELESCOPING - TRENDELENBURG TEST - 1 LEAD OF FEMUR DOWNWARDS ? CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP IS MORE COMMONLY SEEN IN + CAUCASIANS - NEGROES - JAPANESE - ESKIMOS ? CONCERNING THE DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP AT THE EARLIEST OSSIBLE MOMENT IN LIFE ALL ARE TRUE EXCEPT + THE SIGN IS KNOWN AS BARLOW'S OR VON ROSEN'S SIGN - B.THE CONDITION IS DIAGNOSED AT BIRTH BY ELICITING A 'CLICK' OR A 'CLUNK' FROM THE HIP - ALL OBSTETRICIANS, MIDWIVES AND GENERAL PRACTITIONERS CAN BE ABLE TO DIAGNOSE CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP AT BIRTH - TRENDELCNBERG'S SIGN IS POSITIVE ? CONCERNING THE DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP AT THE EARLIEST OSSIBLE MOMENT IN LIFE ALL ARE TRUE EXCEPT + THE SIGN IS KNOWN AS BARLOW'S OR VON ROSEN'S SIGN - THE CONDITION IS DIAGNOSED AT BIRTH BY ELICITING A 'CLICK' OR A 'CLUNK' FROM THE HIP - ALL OBSTETRICIANS, MIDWIVES AND GENERAL PRACTITIONERS CAN BE ABLE TO DIAGNOSE CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP AT BIRTH - TRENDELCNBERG'S SIGN IS POSITIVE ? CLUB FOOT IS COMMONER AMONG + MALES - BINOVULARTWINS - FEMALES - UNIOVULARTWINS ? IN A NEWBORN CHILD, ABDUCTION AND INTERNAL ROTATION PRODUCES A CLICK SOUNIT IS + OTOROLANI'S SIGN - TELESCOPING SIGN - LACHMAN'S SIGN - MCMURRAY'SSIGN ? CAUSES OF A PAINLESS LIMP SINCE INFANCY INCLUDES + ALL OF THE ABOVE - INFANTILE COAX VARA - POLIOMYELITIS - CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP ? BARLOW'S TEST IS DONE FOR TESTING + CDH IN INFANCY - CDH IN CHILD - FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE - SLIPPED FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS ? EARLY CTEV IS TREATED BY + MANIPULATION&STRAPPING - MANIPULATION - CTEV CAST FROM 1" POSTNATAL DAY - OPERATIVE REPAIR AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE ? WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TEST IS 3USEFUL IN DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP? + BARLOW'S TEST - THOMAS TEST - HIBB'S TEST - LAGUERRESTEST ? SPRENGEL'S DEFORMITY IS + CONGENITAL ELEVATION OF SCAPULA - ACOMIOCLAVICULAR DISLOCATION - ABSENCE OF CLAVICLE - RECURRENTDISLOCATIONOFSHOULDER ? WHICH CARPAL BONE F R A C T U R E CAUSES MEDIAN NERVE INVOLVEMENT? + LUNATE - SCAPHOID - TRAPEZIUM - TRAPEZOID ? A CLUB FOOT IS + CHARACTERISTICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH BREECH PRESENT-ATION - A CONSEQUENCE OF PLACENTA PRAEVIA - MOST COMMONLY OF THE EQUINO VALGUS VARIETY - NONE OF THE ABOVE ? THE MOST COMMON CONGENITAL ANOMALY AMONG THE FOLLOWING IS ENCOUNTERED IN OUR COUNTRY + CONGENITAL TALIPES EQUINOVARUS - CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP - CONGENITAL PSEUDOARTHROSISOF TIBIA - MULTIPLECONGENITALCONTRACTURES ? MADELUNG'S DEFORMITY INVOLVES THE FOLLOWING; + WRIST - KNEE -HIP - D.ELBOW ? SPINA BIFIDA OCCULTA IS + CONGENITAL NON FUSION OL THE SPINAL LAMINA - TRAUMATIC FRACTURE OF THE SPINE - CONGENITAL FUSION OF THE BODY OF THE VERTEBRA - INFECTION OF THE SPINE ? THE CLUB FOOT CHARACTERISTICALLY INVOLVES + FOOT AND ANKLE - FOOT, ANKLE AND LEG - FOOT ONLY - FOOT, ANKLE, LEG AND KNEE JOINT ? THE MOST COMMON DEFORMITY SEEN IN CLUB FOOT IS + TALIPESEQUINOVARUS - EQUINUS - EQUINOVALGUS - CALCANEOEQUINOVARUS ? VARIOUS CONGENITAL DEFORMITY OF THE ANKLE JOINT OCCURS AT + TALONAVICULAR JOINT - B.TALOCALCANEAL JOINT - CALCANIONAVICULAR JOINT - TARSONAVICULAR JOINT ? ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE ABSOLUTE INDICATIONS FOR RADIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF PELVIS FOR CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP, EXCEPT + BREECH PRESENTATION - POSITIVE FAMILY HISTORY - SHORTENING OF LIMB - UNSTABLE HIP ? TALIPESEQUINOVARUS IS + EQUINUS, INVERSION, ADDUCTION - EQUINUS, INVERSION, ABDUCTION - EQUINUS, EVERSION, ABDUCTION - EQUINUS, EVERSION, ABDUCTION ? CDH IS DUE TO + SMALLFEMORALHEAD - ROTATION OF FEMUR - SMALL NECK FEMUR - LARGE ACETABULUM ? PHOCOMELIA IS + DEFECTS OF LONG BONES OF LIMB - COMPLETE ABSENCE OF EXTREMITIES - ABSENCE OF SHORT BONES - PARTIALABSENCEOFEXTREMITIES ? PSEUDOARTHROSIS IN TRIPLE FUSION IS SEEN AT THE JOINT OF + TALONAVICULAR - CALCANEONAVICULAR - NAVIEULOCUBOID - CALCANEOCUBOID ? MUSCULOSKELETAL ABNORMALITIES IN NEUROFIBROMATOSIS IS +ALL - SCOLIOSIS - PSEUDO ARTHROSIS - HYPERTROPHY OF LIMB ? TALIPESEQUINOVARUS IS + EQUINUS, INVERSION, ADDUCTION - EQUINUS, INVERSION, ABDUCTION - EQUINUS, EVERSION, ABDUCTION - EQUINUS, EVERSION, ABDUCTION ? 1.HOW DOES THE TRIANGLE OF LETO APPEAR? + THE PLACE WHERE THE URETHRA IS INSERTED AND THE INNER OPENING OF THE URETHRA - THE EXTERNAL OPENING OF THE URETHRA AND THE PLACE WHERE THE URETHRA IS INSERTED - AT THE EXPENSE OF THE PELVIC FIN - AT THE EXPENSE OF THE SPINE AND RIB CAGE ? 2.HOW MUCH URINE DOES A HEALTHY PERSON PASS IN ONE NIGHT? + 1500 ML - 1800 ML - 2500 ML - 400 M ? 3.HOW MUCH OF THE LIQUID DRUNK IN ONE NIGHT IS URINE? +75% - 100% -25% -50% ? 4. HOW MUCH % OF THE FLUID THAT A HEALTHY PERSON DRINKS IN ONE NIGHT IS EXTRARENALLY REMOVED? +25% -90% -50% -15% ? 5.WHAT IS THE NORMAL DURATION OF URINATION? + 20 SECONDS - 1 HOUR - 30 MINUTES - 45 SECONDS ? 6.THE COLOR OF THE URINE IN MEYOR: + YELLOW -RED - KO'NGIR - GREEN ? 7.THE AMOUNT OF UREA IN THE BLOOD SERUM IN A HEALTHY PERSON? + 2.5-9 MMOL/L - 1.5-2.5 MMOL/L - 9-10.5 MMOL/L - 30-50 MG% ?8.BALLFILTRATIONINAHEALTHY PERSON : + 120-130 ML/MIN - 50-100 ML/MIN - 100-120 ML/MIN - 200-300 ML/MIN ?9.OLIGURIC STATE : + DIUREZE 500 ML AND KAM - DIUREZE 700 ML AND KAM - DIUREZE 600 ML AND KAM - DIUREZE 1200 ML AND KAM ? 10.THE AMOUNT OF TUBULAR REABSORPTION IN A HEALTHY PERSON: + 98-99% - 80-90% - 100-120% - IT DEPENDS ON HOW YOU DRINK THE LIQUID ? 11.SERUM CREATININE IN A HEALTHY PERSON: + 100-180 MMOL/ - 200-300 MMOL/L - 120-150 MMOL/L - 150-200 MMOL/L ? 12.BLADDER SIZE IN ADULTS: + 250-300 ML - 150-180 ML - 320- 350 ML - 500-800 ML ? 13.KIDNEY DIMENSIONS: +12X6SM -13X5SM -11X6SM -12X7SM ? 14.LOCATION OF THE BLADDER: + ABOVE THE PELVIC DIAPHRAGM, BEHIND THE SYMPHYSIS - BEHIND THE PERITONEUM, INTRAPERITONEAL - IN THE SMALL PELVIS, IN THE SYMPHYSIS ORCA - UNDER M.LEVATORANI ? 15.LETO TRIANGLE: + BETWEEN THE INNER OPENING OF THE URETHRA AND THE URETHRAL MEATUS - BETWEEN THE URETHRAL OPENING AND THE URETERS - BETWEEN THE FUNDUS OF THE BLADDER AND THE URETHRA - AT THE OPENING OF THE URETHRA AND THE BEGINNING OF THE URETHRA ? 16.LOCATION OF THE PROSTATE GLAND: + BELOW THE BLADDER, BETWEEN THE PUBIC BONE, THE UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM AND THE RECTUM - IN FRONT OF THE BLADDER, BEHIND THE RECTUM, ABOVE THE SYMPHYSIS, BELOW THE UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM - ABOVE THE BLADDER, ABOVE THE PUBIC BONE, BETWEEN THE UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM AND THE SIGMOID COLON - BLADDER AND BLADDER COMPOUND ? 17.THE CONCEPT OF BALL FILTRATION: + PRIMARY URINE FORMATION - SECONDARY URINE FORMATION - TERTIARY URINE FORMATION - MAINTENANCE OF WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE ? 18.WHAT CAUSES THE APPEARANCE OF PRIMARY URINE? + FILTRATION PRESSURE - HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE - ONCOTIC PRESSURE - OSMOTIC PRESSURE ? 19.CONCEPT OF TUBULAR REABSORPTION: + PRIMARY URINARY RETENTION - SECONDARY URINARY RETENTION - DIFFUSION OF URINE - OSMOTIC CONCENTRATION OF URINE ? 20.YUGA FEATURE: + RENIN SYNTHESIS - PROTEIN SYNTHESIS - AMMONIA SYNTHESIS - GLUCOSE SYNTHESIS ? 21.WHAT IS THE RESULT OF REGULATING THE ACID-BASE BALANCE? + BUFFER SYSTEMS - ALKALINE PRODUCTS - SOUR PRODUCTS - AMMONIA ? 22.THE FUNCTION OF THE PROSTATE GLAND: + PARTICIPATES IN THE DILUTION OF SPERM - SEVERAL SUBSTANCES ARE PRESERVATIVE, SECRETION PRODUCTION - PRODUCES ENZYMES - PRODUCES CITRIC ACID ? 23.BLADDER ACTIVITY (TASK): + URINE COLLECTION AND EVACUATION - TO PERFORM THE ACT OF URINATION - DETRUSOR CONTRACTION - FOR URINARY RETENTION ? 24.PHYSIOLOGICAL SIZE OF THE BLADDER: + 250-300 ML - 150-200 ML - 300-400 ML - 400- 500 ML ? 25.TESTICULAR ACTIVITY: + HORMONE AND SPERM PRODUCTION - SPERM PRODUCTION AND URINE EXCRETION - IT IS INVOLVED IN THE INCRETORY ORGAN AND THE EXCRETION OF URINE - TO DEVELOP SECONDARY SEXUAL CHARACTERISTICS ? 26.THE IMPORTANCE OF PROSTATE FLUID: + COMBINED WITH SPERMATOZOA, IT GIVES THEM ACTIVITY AND NEUTRALIZES THE ACIDIC ENVIRONMENT OF THE UTERUS - IT PRESERVES SECRETORY HORMONES, REDUCES AKB, STIMULATES DETRUSOR ACTIVITY, AND SHORTENS THE SMOOTH MUSCLE. - THERE ARE STRENGHEIMER-MALBIN CELLS IN THE SECRETION, WHICH CARRIES OUT FERTILIZATION - ENHANCES SEXUAL ACTIVITY ? 27.HOW MANY TIMES DOES AN ADULT USUALLY PEE A NIGHT? + 4-6 TIMES - 1-3 TIMES - 3-4 TIMES - 10-15 TIMES ? 28.WHAT DOES THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF URINE DEPEND ON? + DEPENDING ON THE RELATIVE MOLECULAR MASS OF SUBSTANCES DISSOLVED IN URINE - DEPENDING ON THE AMOUNT OF UREA AND CREATININE IN THE BLOOD SERUM - CAPS DEPENDING ON THE AMOUNT OF LIQUID FILTERED - DEPENDING ON THE FUNCTION OF THE PITUITARY AND ADRENAL GLANDS ? 29.THE VOLUMETRIC RATE OF URINE FLOW DEPENDS ON: + GENDER, AGE, URINE VOLUME AND THE CONDITION OF THE LOWER URINARY TRACT - THE CONDITION OF THE UPPER AND LOWER URINARY TRACT - THE CONDITION OF THE LOWER URINARY TRACT, THE AMOUNT OF URINE EXCRETED - TO THE CONSUMED LIQUID ? 30.WHAT IS THE AMOUNT OF URINE IN THE BLADDER WHEN THE PATIENT URINATES FOR THE FIRST TIME? + 150 ML - 250 ML - 300 ML - 500 ML ? 31.NORMAL INDICATORS OF URINE RN: +6-7 -4-5 -5-9 -8-9 ? 32.WHAT DOES PROTEIN IN URINE INDICATE? + DUE TO IMPAIRED RENAL FILTRATION - DUE TO THE VIOLATION OF YUGA - PARANEPHRITIS - FROM ORMOND'S DISEASE ? 33.WHAT DOES THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF URINE INDICATE? + FROM THE CONSTENTRASTION ACTIVITY OF THE KIDNEY - BECAUSE OF THE PRESENCE OF INFECTION - DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF ERYTHROCYTES - DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF HEMOGLOBIN ? 34.DOES RENAL EXCRETION OF CREATININE DEPEND ON FLUID INTAKE? + YO'Q - SHAH - YES, IF YOU DRINK MORE THAN 2 LITERS OF LIQUID - YES, IF THERE IS LIVER FAILURE ? 35.CREATININE CLEARANCE IN THE KIDNEY: + 120-130 ML/MIN - 90-110 ML/MIN - 50-80 ML/MIN - 200-300 ML/MIN ? 36.WHAT DOES CREATININE CLEARANCE INDICATE? + FROM CAPSULAR FILTRATION - FROM TUBULAR REABSORPTION - FROM LIVER FUNCTION - FROM THE ACTIVITY OF THE SPLEEN ? 37.WHAT IS CREATININE? + END PRODUCT OF METABOLISM IN SKELETAL MUSCLES - END PRODUCT OF PROTEIN METABOLISM - END PRODUCT OF BILIRUBIN METABOLISM - END PRODUCT OF ERYTHROCYTE BREAKDOWN ? 38.MOCHEVINAWOT? + END PRODUCT OF PROTEIN METABOLISM - END PRODUCT OF METABOLISM IN SKELETAL MUSCLES - END PRODUCT OF BILIRUBIN METABOLISM - END PRODUCT OF ERYTHROCYTE BREAKDOWN ? 39.IN A HEALTHY PERSON, HOW MANY ERYTHROCYTES ARE EXCRETED IN THE URINE DURING THE DAY AND NIGHT? + 1 MILLION - 5 MILLION - 8 MILLION - 10 MILLION ? 40.HOW MANY ERYTHROCYTES CAN BE IN 1 ML OF URINE OF A HEALTHY PERSON? + UP TO 1000 - UP TO 2000 - UP TO 5000 - UP TO 9000 ? 41.WHAT IS THE NORMAL AMOUNT OF PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (PSA) IN THE BLOOD? + 4 NG/ML - 10 NG/ML - 50 NG/ML - 100 NG/ML ? 42.WHAT IS THE NORMAL AMOUNT OF RESIDUAL URINE? + IT IS EQUAL TO 10% OF THE BLADDER VOLUME - IT IS EQUAL TO 20% OF THE BLADDER VOLUME - IT IS EQUAL TO 10% OF THE VOLUME OF URINE - THERE SHOULD BE NO RESIDUAL URINE ? 43.WHAT CAUSES A LOW URINARY VOLUME RATE? + DUE TO DETRUSOR HYPOACTIVITY - DUE TO DETRUSOR HYPERACTIVITY - DUE TO SPHINCTER HYPOACTIVITY - DUE TO SPHINCTER HYPERACTIVITY ? 44.BLADDER SIZE IN ADULTS: + 250-300 ML - 150-180 ML - 500-800 ML - 1000-1200 ML ? 45.HOW MUCH OF THE LIQUID DRUNK IN ONE NIGHT IS URINE? +75% - 100% -25% -50% ? 46.THE COMPOSITION OF THE RENAL PORTAL, ANTERIOR TO THE BACK: + VENA, ARTERIYA, JOM - ARTERIYA, VENA, JOM - C'MON, ARTERY, VEIN - VENA, JOM, ARTERIYA ? 47.SCLETOTOPIC LOCATION OF KIDNEYS? +RIGHTKIDNEYTH XII L III ,LEFTKIDNEYTH XI L II - UNGBUYRAKTHXLI, CHAPBUYRAKTHXILII -SEETH IX L II ,CHAPTERTH IX L III -CHAPTER XII L III ,CHAPTER XII L III ? 48.DETERMINE THE AVERAGE SIZE OF THE KIDNEY? + 5-6 ML - 9-12 ML - 8 - 12ML - 12-15 ML ? 49.WHAT IS THE AVERAGE LENGTH OF THE URETHRA IN ADULTS?. + 25- 30 SM - 30 -34 SM. -18-20SM - 15- 18 SM ? 50.HOW MANY PARTS OF THE URINARY TRACT ARE DISTINGUISHED? + 3 O'CLOCK -2BY - 1 HER - 4 HER ? "ANGINA PECTORIS" IN THE ABSENCE OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IS MOST COMMON + WITH AORTIC STENOSIS - WITH MITRAL STENOSIS - WITH MITRAL REGURGITATION - WITH STENOSIS OF THE MOUTH OF THE PULMONARY ARTERY ? WHAT FACTORS ARE LIKELY TO PLAY A ROLE IN THE ETIOLOGY OF SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA? + ALL OF THE ABOVE FACTORS. - INFECTION WITH AN UNKNOWN RNA VIRUS. - PROFESSIONAL CONTACT WITH PVC. - LONG WORK IN THE CONDITIONS OF VIBRATION. ? "RHYTHM OF THE QUAIL" CHARACTERISTIC FEATURE + MITRAL STENOSIS - AORTIC STENOSIS - MITRAL INSUFFICIENCY - AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY ? BP IN AORTIC VALVE INSUFFICIENCY: + 160/40 MMHG - 180/100 MMHG - 160/80 MMHG - 90/60 MMHG ? AUSCULTATORY SIGN OF BRONCHOSPASM: + ELONGATED EXPIRATION AND DRY WHEEZING - AMPHORAIC BREATH - LONG BREATH AND DRY RALES - BRONCHIAL BREATHING ? BASIC THERAPY FOR ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS (BEKHTEREV'S DISEASE) INCLUDES + SULFASALAZINE - NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS - OPIUM ANALGESICS - ANTIDEPRESSANTS ? BASIC THERAPY OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA INCLUDES THE USE OF: + BENACORT, FLUNISOLIDE, CROMOGLYCIC ACID - AMINOPHYLLINE, ASTHMOPENTA AND BRONCHOLITHIN - ALBUTOMOL, BEROTEK, SALBENA - PRATROPIUM BROMIDE, BERADUALA ? ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS MOST OFTEN AFFECTS: + YOUNG MEN - CHILDREN - GIRLS - WOMEN ? PATIENTS WITH HIGH PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY ARE MOST INDICATED + CAPTOPRIL - DOPEGIT - FUROSEMIDE - CORINFAR ? BILATERAL SACROILIITIS IS MOST CHARACTERISTIC: + ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS - REACTIVE ARTHRITIS - RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS - OSTEOARTHRITIS ? THE DIAGNOSIS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IS MADE BY ASCERTAINING + AT LEAST ONE EPISODE OF SUFFOCATION - CHRONIC ASTHMATIC BRONCHITIS - CHRONIC PNEUMONIA - POLYNOSA ? FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF AMYLOIDOSIS, THE MOST INFORMATIVE + KIDNEY BIOPSY - URINE SEDIMENT EXAMINATION - COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND ULTRASOUND - URINE ACCORDING TO NECHIPORENKO ? MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE FOLLOWING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC FEATURES: + LOCAL HYPOKINESIS - DIFFUSE HYPOKINESIS - DIFFUSE HYPERKINESIS - LOCAL HYPERKINESIS ? WHAT DISEASE IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE DETECTION OF CHARCOT-LEIDEN CRYSTALS IN THE SPUTUM + BRONCHIAL ASTHMA - ACUTE PNEUMONIA - PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS - CHRONICAL BRONCHITIS ? MITRAL VALVE INSUFFICIENCY IS CHARACTERIZED BY: + BLOWING SYSTOLIC MURMUR - AMPLIFICATION OF THE 1ST TONE AT THE TOP - QUAIL RHYTHM - GALLOP RHYTHM ? WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SIGNS ARE RARE IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS? + RHEUMATOID FACTOR - INCREASE IN ESR - HLA B27 - SACROILIITIS ? WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF SERONEGATIVE SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES? + EYE INFLAMMATION - NAIL DAMAGE - DAMAGE TO THE DISTAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINTS - PHOTOSENSITIVITY ? WHAT MUSCLES ARE AFFECTED PRIMARILY IN PATIENTS WITH DERMATOMYOSITIS-POLYMYOSITIS? + PROXIMAL MUSCLE GROUPS OF THE UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES. - OCULOMOTOR. - DISTAL MUSCLE GROUPS OF THE UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES. - ALL MENTIONED MUSCLE GROUPS. ? WHAT ORGANS ARE MOST OFTEN AFFECTED IN SECONDARY AMYLOIDOSIS? + KIDNEYS - A HEART - INTESTINES - SPLEEN ? WHAT COMPLICATIONS ARE POSSIBLE DURING THROMBOLYTIC THERAPY IN THE ACUTE PERIOD OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION? + ALL OF THE ABOVE - HYPOTENSION - ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK - HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK ? WHAT FEATURES ARE TYPICAL FOR THE CHRONIC COURSE OF SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA? + FORMATION OF CREST SYNDROME. - TENDENCY TO FORM A SCLERODERMA KIDNEY. - NO TENDENCY TO PULMONARY FIBROSIS. - PULMONARY ARTERY INVOLVEMENT IS NOT TYPICAL. ? WHAT MANIFESTATIONS OF MUSCULAR PATHOLOGY ARE TYPICAL FOR SYSTEMIC SCLERODERMA? + ALL OF THE OPTIONS LISTED - MUSCLE WEAKNESS - AMYOTROPHY - NONINFLAMMATORY MUSCULAR FIBROSIS ? TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN THE REMISSION PHASE INCLUDES (ELIMINATE UNNECESSARY): + CYTOSTATICS IN INJECTIONS - ACUPUNCTURE - HYPOSENSITIZATION - SANITATION OF FOCI OF INFECTION ? MARK THE CRITERIA FOR A SEVERE COURSE OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: + PERSISTENT PRESENCE OF SYMPTOMS - PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW > OR = 80% PREDICTED - SHORT-TERM SYMPTOMS LESS THAN ONCE A WEEK - NIGHT SYMPTOMS? 1 TIME PER WEEK ? MARK THE MOST CHARACTERISTIC SIGNS OF SERONEGATIVE SPONDYLOARTHRITIS + ALL OF THE ABOVE - DEVELOPMENT OF PERIPHERAL ARTHRITIS - FREQUENT DEVELOPMENT OF ANTERIOR UVEITIS - SIGNS OF SACROILIITIS ? MARK THE SIGN OF BRONCHIAL OBSTRUCTION IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS: + ANY OF THE ABOVE - WHEEZING WHEEZING ON EXHALATION - ELONGATION OF EXPIRATION DURING QUIET BREATHING - SYMPTOMS OF OBSTRUCTIVE EMPHYSEMA ? MARK THE CAUSES OF OBSTRUCTIVE SYNDROME IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS (ELIMINATE UNNECESSARY): + MUCUS HYPOSECRETION - SPASM OF BRONCHIAL MUSCLES - MUCUS HYPERSECRETION - ALLERGIC CHANGES IN THE BRONCHIAL MUCOSA ? PATHOGENETIC THERAPY OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA INCLUDES: + THERAPEUTIC BRONCHOSCOPY - CORRECTORS OF IMMUNE DISORDERS - EXTRACORPOREAL METHODS - PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS ? THE AREA OF ??THE MITRAL ORIFICE IS NORMALLY: + 4-6 CM2 - 3-4 CM2 - 6-7 CM2 - 2 CM2 ? AN INCREASE IN ESR IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IS NOTED AS A RULE: + BY THE END OF THE FIRST WEEK - IN THE FIRST HOURS - ON THE SECOND DAY - AFTER 12 HOURS ? INDICATIONS FOR THE USE OF STEROID HORMONES IN HIGH DOSES IN BRONCHIAL ASTHMA ARE: + ASTHMATIC STATUS - STAGE OF EXACERBATION - ASPHYXIATION - STAGE OF UNSTABLE REMISSION ? ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE SIGNS OF ACTIVE PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IN MITRAL STENOSIS EXCEPT + NORMAL II TONE ON THE PULMONARY ARTERY - FIXED DECREASE IN MINUTE AND STROKE VOLUMES OF BLOOD - HIGH PRESSURE GRADIENT DETECTED BY PULMONARY ARTERY PROBING OR DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY - RIGHT HEART HYPERTROPHY ON ECG ? AORTIC STENOSIS LEADS TO + INCREASED SYSTOLIC PRESSURE IN THE LEFT VENTRICLE - TO AN INCREASE IN SYSTOLIC PRESSURE IN THE AORTA - TO AN INCREASE IN CARDIAC OUTPUT - DECREASE IN PRESSURE IN THE LEFT ATRIUM ? ATRIAL FLUTTER IS MOST DIFFICULT TO DIFFERENTIATE FROM: + ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA WITH SECOND DEGREE AV BLOCK - PAROXYSMAL ANTIDROMIC TACHYCARDIA IN WPW SYNDROME - VENTRICULAR FLUTTER - NODULAR PAROXYSMAL TACHYCARDIA ? SPECIFY RADIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: + BULGING OF THE PULMONARY ARTERY - IN DIRECT PROJECTION, THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE MITRAL CONFIGURATION - FLATTENING OF THE CARDIAC WAIST "DRIP HEART" - RIGHT ATRIAL ENLARGEMENT ? SPECIFY THE ECG SIGNS TYPICAL FOR SINUS TACHYCARDIA. + HEART RATE MORE THAN 90 IN 1 MIN - HEART RATE MORE THAN 80 IN 1 MIN - DIFFERENT RR INTERVALS - HEART RATE LESS THAN 60 IN 1 MIN. ? SPECIFY THE POSSIBLE CAUSE OF SINUS BRADYCARDIA: + TYPHOID FEVER - EXERCISE STRESS - OVERDOSE OF B-AGONISTS - INCREASE IN BODY TEMPERATURE ? WHAT APPLIES TO HEPATOPROTECTORS (ELIMINATE UNNECESSARY): + VEROSHPIRON - ESSENTIALE - KARSIL - HEPTRAL ? WHAT DOES PORTAL HYPERTENSION SYNDROME INCLUDE: + EXPANSION OF THE PORTAL VEIN - EDEMA OF THE EYELIDS - HEARTACHE - COUGH ? THE NORMAL AREA OF THE MITRAL ORIFICE IS (IN CM2) +4-6 -2-4 -6-8 -3-5 ? THE INDICATION FOR SURGICAL MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT IS + ACUTE ONSET MITRAL REGURGITATION - VIOLATION OF THE HEART RHYTHM BY THE TYPE OF EXTRASYSTOLE - PROLAPSE OF BOTH LEAFLETS - MITRAL REGURGITATION THAT OCCUPIES HALF OF SYSTOLE ?WHATCOMPLAINTSDOPATIENTSPRESENTATTHESTAGEOFINITIAL DECOMPENSATION WITH AORTIC VALVE INSUFFICIENCY? + ALL OF THE ABOVE - HEART PAIN DURING EXERCISE - HEARTBEAT - INTERRUPTIONS IN THE HEART ? WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DISEASES IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF SECONDARY AMYLOIDOSIS? + RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS - DEFORMING OSTEOARTHRITIS - RHEUMATISM - CHRONIC PANCREATITIS ? WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SUGGESTS THE PRESENCE OF SECONDARY AMYLOIDOSIS OF THE KIDNEYS + PROTEINURIA EXCEEDING 3-5 G/DAY - PROTEINURIA 1 G/DAY, EDEMA - HEMATURIA AND RENAL FAILURE - HYPOPROTEINURIA ? THE MOST COMMON OUTCOME OF RENAL AMYLOIDOSIS IS + ANEMIA - KIDNEY FAILURE - MALIGNANT HYPERTENSION - UROLITHIASIS DISEASE ? WHAT DISEASE CAUSES AMYLOIDOSIS OF THE KIDNEYS + KIDNEY TUBERCULOSIS - COLLAGEN NEPHROPATHY - CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS - ACUTE INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS ? FOR TUBULOINTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS ARE CHARACTERISTIC + HYPOISOSTENURIA - BACTERIURIA - HYPERTENSION - DYSURIA ? WHAT DISEASE DOES NOT CAUSE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME? + TUBULOINTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS - RENAL AMYLOIDOSIS. - ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS - DIABETIC GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS ? NAME THE DISEASES MOST OFTEN ACCOMPANIED BY THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMYLOIDOSIS + TUBERCULOSIS, CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE PROCESSES - GOUT - DEFORMING OSTEOARTHRITIS - RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS ? WHAT RULES SHOULD BE OBSERVED WHEN OBSERVING YOUNG ATHLETES WITH HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY? + SUSPENSION FROM COMPETITIVE SPORTS, ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY SCREENING EVERY 12-18 MONTHS - SUSPENSION FROM ALL SPORTS - EXERCISE TESTS EVERY 12-18 MONTHS - COMPLETE BED REST ? THE DISTRIBUTION OF LESIONS IN THE LUNG IN ACUTE MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS + UNIFORM - IRREGULAR - ASYMMETRICAL - GROUP ? THE MOST EFFECTIVE AND AUTHENTIC METHOD OF INVESTIGATION IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOBACTERIA + CULTURE SEEDING - BACTERIOSCOPY - BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH - FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY ? MODERN DOMESTIC CLASSIFICATION OF TUBERCULOSIS BUILT? + ON THE CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE - PATHOGENETIC PRINCIPLE - AT MORPHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE - ON THE CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE ? THE MOST COMMON CAUSATIVE AGENT OF PNEUMONIA IN A PATIENT OLDER THAN 65 YEARS (IN HOSPITAL): + KLEBSIELLA - CHLAMYDIA - MYCOPLASMA - PNEUMOCOCCUS ? IN THE PROGRAM OF MANDATORY EXAMINATION FOR TUMORS ON AN OUTPATIENT BASIS, THE CONDITIONS DO NOT INCLUDE: + BRONCHOSCOPY - FVD EXAMINATION - SPUTUM CYTOLOGY -ECG ? ANTIBIOTIC PRESCRIPTION: + FOCAL PNEUMONIA - SARS - CYSTOFIBROSIS - AN ATTACK OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA ? TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION SPREADS TO THE PLEURA ALL LISTED WAYS, EXCEPT: + BRONCHOGENIC - VIOLATING THE INTEGRITY OF THE LUNG - LYMPH HAEMATOGENOUS - HAEMATOGENOUS ? FACTORS PREDISPOSING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASTHMATIC CONDITION: + ALL OF THE ABOVE - EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS - CARRYING OUT DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR SCARIFICATION - CANCELLATION OF HORMONE THERAPY ? THE MOST RELIABLE CLINICAL SIGN INDICATING THE TRANSITION OF THE ASTHMATIC STATE FROM THE FIRST STAGE TO THE SECOND: + LOSS OF PREVIOUSLY HEARD DRY WHEEZING SOUND IN THE LUNGS - DEVELOPMENT OF SHORTNESS OF BREATH - INCREASED CYANOSIS - INCREASED BLOOD PRESSURE ? USED IN THE TREATMENT OF STATUS ASTHMATICUS IN ADDITION? + SODA - A LARGE DOSE OF CORTICOSTEROIDS - OXYGEN THERAPY - TEOFEDRIN - HEPARIN ? WHAT ARE THE CRITERIA FOR STATUS ASTHMATICUS? + RESISTANCE TO SYMPATHOMIMETICS AND BRONCHODILATORS - UNPRODUCTIVE AND ASYMPTOMATIC COUGH - LABORED BREATHING - SCATTERED DRY RALES ? MAIN CLINICAL SYNDROME IN STATUS ASTHMATICUS: + ALL LISTED - PROGRESSIVE RESPIRATORY FAILURE - PROGRESSIVE HYPERTENSION PULMONARY - SEVERE NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYNDROME ?ATWHATAGEDOESSECONDARYBRONCHIECTASISOCCURINCHILDREN? + 3-6 YEARS - 5 10 YEARS - 7 8 YEARS OLD - 1 2 YEARS ? SECONDARY DESTRUCTIVE DIFFUSE EMPHYSEMA WHAT IS A COMPLICATION + CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS - BRONCHIAL ASTHMA - CHRONIC CATARRHAL BRONCHITIS - FOCAL NEUMONIA ? HOW TO TRIGGER THE ONSET OF SECONDARY PNEUMONIA +ANY - LUNG TUMOR - NK III - CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS ? TREATMENT OF ACUTE BRONCHITIS WITH DAMAGE TO THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF SMALL BRONCHI IN THE SECOND STAGE (AFTER SPUTUM FORMATION) INVOLVES THE APPOINTMENT OF THE FOLLOWING DRUGS: 1 PREVENTION OF BRONCHOSPASM 2 ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTISEPTIC 3 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY 4 SPUTUM THINNERS ( MUCOLYTICS ) + 1.2, 3.4 -1AND3 -2AND4 -4 ? VOLUME OF BREATH WHEN A PERSON TAKES A DEEP BREATH IN ONE MINUTE + 3000 ML - 300 350 ML - 2500 ML - 6000 ML ? DECELERATION OF BREATHING DURING HUMAN BREATHING IS + BRADYPNEA - APNEA - HYPERPNEA - SHORTNESS OF BREATH ? INDICATE THE TRIGGERS THAT CAUSE INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA: A) PNEUMOCOCCUS B) VIRUSES C) MYCOPLASMA D) STAPHYLOCOCCUS E) RICKETTSIA SELECT THE CORRECT COMBINATION OF ANSWERS: +B,C,D -A,B,D -B,D -A,D ? WHAT ARE INDICATORS OF INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA: + VIRUSES - PNEUMOCOCCI - KOCH WAND - STAPHYLOCOCCI ? INTERMITTENT BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IS CHARACTERIZED BY: + ALL OF THE ABOVE - NIGHT ATTACKS 3 TIMES A MONTH OR LESS - NO SYMPTOMS AND NORMAL LUNG FUNCTION ON PEAK FULLOMETRY - PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW IS 80%, ITS DAILY FLUCTUATIONS ARE LESS THAN 20% ? PATHOGENETIC BASES LEADING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF INVOLUTIVE EMPHYSEMA: + DESTRUCTION OF THE ELASTIC TISSUES OF THE LUNGS - A1ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY - ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASES - CHRONIC DISEASES OF THE BRONCHOPULMONARY APPARATUS ? DOES NOT APPLY TO HEREDITARY DISEASES + PNEUMONIA - DIABETES - BRONCHIAL ASTHMA - PROTEINOSISOPKA ? DISEASES WITH HEREDITARY PREDISPOSITION INCLUDE: 1 LUNG PROTEINS 2 TUBERCULOSIS 3 00000 BRONCHIAL ASTHMA 4 PNEUMONIA +3 - 1,2 AND 3 -1AND3 -2AND4 ? FIND AN OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE CAUSED BY INDUSTRIAL DUST: + CHRONIC DUSTY BRONCHITIS - TONSILLIUM - ACUTE BRONCHITIS - LUNG ABSCESS ? THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IS MOST OFTEN: + PNEUMOCOCCUS - STREPTOCOCCUS - STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS - COLIBACILLUS ? LIVER DAMAGE IS TYPICAL FOR WHICH TYPE OF CYSTIC ACIDOSIS + IN MIXED FORM - IN INTESTINAL FORM - INTO THE LUNGS - IN AN ATYPICAL FORM ? IN WHAT DISEASE IS REGURGITATION OF BLOOD OBSERVED: + LUNG CANCER - GASTRITIS - CHRONIC TONSILLITIS - ATROPHIC RHINITIS ? IN NON-OBSTRUCTIVE CHRONIC BRONCHITIS, THE CLINICAL PICTURE OF THE DISEASE COMES TO THE FORE THE FOLLOWING SIGNS: 1 BRONCHOSPASM 2 BRONCHIAL DYSKINESIA AND COLLAPSE OF THE EXHALATION OF THE WALL OF SMALL BRONCHI 3 VIRAL PROCESS 4 INFLAMMATION OF THE BRONCHIAL MUCOSA AND IMPAIRED MUCOCILIARY TRANSPORT +4 -1AND3 -2AND4 - 2,3 AND 4 ? HOSPITAL ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IS CONSIDERED IF: + 2-3 DAYS OR MORE AFTER HOSPITALIZATION - DURING HOSPITALIZATION - AFTER DISCHARGE FROM THE HOSPITAL - ONE WEEK AFTER DISCHARGE FROM THE HOSPITAL ? THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IS MOST OFTEN + PNEUMOCOCCUS - STREPTOCOCCUS - STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS - ESCHERICHIA COLI ?OCCUPATIONALASTHMAMOSTOFTENDEVELOPSDUETOEXPOSURETODUST: + ORGANIC DUST - SILICA - ACIDS AND ALKALIS - METALS ? HOW IS THE ISSUE OF WORKING CAPACITY OF PATIENTS WITH OCCUPATIONAL BRONCHIAL ASTHMA SOLVED: + TERMINATION OF THE ACTION OF THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AND RATIONAL EMPLOYMENT - SUSPENDED FROM WORK FOR 6 MONTHS - A SHEET IS ISSUED FOR AN OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE - AN ADDITIONAL PAID SICK LEAVE FOR 2 MONTHS IS ISSUED ? IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL BRONCHIAL ASTHMA, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FACTORS IS OF GREAT IMPORTANCE + ALLERGIC PROPERTIES OF DUST - PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE - COLDS - DUST TOXICITY ? PROGNOSIS OF ACUTE BRONCHITIS OCCURRING WITH INFLAMMATION OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF LARGE BRONCHI ( TRACHEOBRONCHITIS ): + GOOD - FAVORABLE IN MOST CASES, COMPLICATIONS OF PNEUMONIA ARE POSSIBLE - FAVORABLE IN MOST CASES, THERE IS A RISK OF A PROTRACTED COURSE -FAVORABLEINMOSTCASES,TRANSITIONTOCHRONICBRONCHITISISPOSSIBLE ? ACUTE BRONCHITIS, ACCOMPANIED BY DAMAGE TO THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF LARGE BRONCHI, IS USUALLY COMBINED WITH TRACHEITIS ( TRACHEOBRONCHITIS ) AND IS CHARACTERIZED BY: 1 ABSENCE OR MILD SIGNS OF INTOXICATION 2 CHEST PAIN, CHEST PAIN 3 FIRST DRYNESS, THEN A SMALL AMOUNT OF SPUTUM, COUGH 4 HEAVY BREATHING, NO WHEEZING IN THE LUNGS + 1,2,3 -41AND3 -2AND4 -4 ? THE LEADING SYMPTOM OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS WITH DAMAGE TO THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF LARGE BRONCHI + COUGH WITH SPUTUM - CONSTANT SHORTNESS OF BREATH - PAROXYSMAL DRY COUGH - PAROXYSMAL SHORTNESS OF BREATH ? MOST COMMON IN ACUTE PNEUMONIA IN OLDER CHILDREN OCCURS: + TEMPERATURE INCREASE - ENLARGEMENT OF THE SPLEEN - MOIST COUGH - ABDOMINAL SYNDROME ? RESPIRATORY RATE IN ADULTS: + 16-20 TIMES PER MINUTE - 10 12 TIMES PER MINUTE - 12 14 TIMES PER MINUTE - 22 24 TIMES PER MINUTE ? WHAT DISEASE BEGINS ACUTELY WITH AUSCULTATION , ROUGH VESICULAR BREATHING IS CLEARLY AUDIBLE, DRYNESS IN THE EARLY STAGES, MOIST RALES, LATER CHANGING IN CHARACTER, CREPITUS IS CLEARLY AUDIBLE IN THE LOWER SPRINGS OF THE CHEST + ACUTE BRONCHITIS - CYSTIC FIBROSIS - PNEUMOTHORAX - PERITONITIS ? IN WHAT DISEASE IS SPUTUM DISCHARGE OBSERVED IN CHRONIC DIFFUSE INFLAMMATION OF THE BRONCHIAL MUCOSA, IN VIOLATION OF THE CLEANSING PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF THE BRONCHI + CHRONICAL BRONCHITIS - ACUTE BRONCHITIS - PNEUMONIA - ASTHMA ? WHAT SPORT CAUSES PHYSICAL STRESS IN ASTHMA? + SWIMMING - LONG DISTANCE RUNNING - CYCLING - SKIING ? THE MOST COMMON CAUSATIVE AGENT OF NOSOCOMIAL PNEUMONIA IN ELDERLY PATIENTS: + KLEBSIELLA - PNEUMOCOCCUS - MYCOPLASMA - PROTEUS ? NOSOCOMIAL INDICATOR (HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED) PNEUMONIA IN ELDERLY PATIENTS: + KLEBSIELLA - CHLAMYDIA - MYCOPLASMA - PNEUMOCOCCUS ? THE MAIN SYMPTOM OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS WITH DAMAGE TO THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF SMALL BRONCHI + SHORTNESS OF BREATH - VIOLENT COUGHING DISORDER - COUGH WITH PHLEGM - LEUKOCYTOSIS AND ACCELERATED ESR ? THE OCCURRENCE OF RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS WITH DAMAGE TO THE SMALL (MEMBRANOUS) BRONCHI IS ASSOCIATED WITH: 1 BRONCHOSPASM 2 INFLAMMATION OF THE BRONCHIAL MUCOSA AND IMPAIRED MUCOCILIAL TRANSPORT 3 OBLITERATION OF THE LUMEN OF THE SMALL BRONCHI AND FLAP SYNDROME 4 INFECTIOUS PROCESS +1AND3 - 1,2 AND 3 -2AND4 -4 ? ACUTE BRONCHITIS, ACCOMPANIED BY DAMAGE TO THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE SMALL BRONCHI, IS CHARACTERIZED BY: 1 FIRST DRY AND THEN WET COUGH 2 MODERATE SYMPTOMS OF INTOXICATION 3 SHORTNESS OF BREATH 4 HEAVY BREATHING, OFTEN WITH ONE DRY WHEEZE + 1,2,3 AND 4 -1AND3 -2AND4 -4 ? HB RELATED TO OXYGEN? + HB OXIDE - CARBOXIDEHB - CARBOXIDEHB - METHYL HB ? OF THE INDICATED SPIROGRAPHIC AND PNEUMOTACHOMETRIC INDICATORS, WHICH ONES DECREASE IN BRONCHIAL ASTHMA? + VITAL CAPACITY - MAXIMUM LUNG CAPACITY - MINIMAL LUNG VENTILATION FORCE OF BREATHING - FORCE OF EXHALATION ? DECREASED BLOOD CO2 LEVELS? + HYPOCAPNIA - HYPOVENTILATION - ALKALOSIS - ACIDOSIS ? IN FETAL CIRCULATION, WHICH ANATOMICAL FEATURE ALLOWS BLOOD TO BYPASS THE LUNGS BY CONNECTING THE PULMONARY ARTERY TO THE AORTA? + FORAMEN OVALE - DUCTUS VENOSUS - PULMONARY VEINS - UMBILICAL VEIN ? 2.WHAT IS THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF SCREENING FOR CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE (CHD) IN NEWBORNS? + PREVENTION OF IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE - EARLY DETECTION OF FEVER - ROUTINE NEONATAL EXAMINATION - TREATMENT OF HEART ARRHYTHMIAS ? 3.WHICH HEART DEFECT IS CHARACTERISED BY A NARROWING OF THE AORTA? + COARCTATION OF THE AORTA - TETRALOGY OF FALLOT - PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS - PULMONARY STENOSIS ? 4.WHAT CONDITION RESULTS IN DECREASED PULMONARY BLOOD FLOW AND THE BOOT-SHAPED HEART APPEARANCE ON CHEST X-RAYS? + TETRALOGY OF FALLOT - PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS - ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT - PULMONARY STENOSIS ? 5.WHAT IS THE PRIMARY FUNCTION OF ONE-WAY VALVES IN THE VEINS IN THE CONTEXT OF VARICOSE VEINS? + TO ASSIST BLOOD FLOW AGAINST GRAVITY. - TO PREVENT BLOOD FLOW. - TO REGULATE OXYGEN LEVELS. - TO CAUSE VEIN SWELLINGS. ? WHICH MEDICATION IS COMMONLY USED IN THE TREATMENT OF VARICOSE VEINS TO PREVENT CLOT FORMATION? + HEPARIN - IBUPROFEN - ASPIRIN - ANTIBIOTICS ? 7.WHICH CONDITION INVOLVES THE FORMATION OF BLOOD CLOTS WITHIN VEINS, MOST COMMONLY IN THE ILIAC AND FEMORAL VEINS? + DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS - THROMBOPHLEBITIS - VENOUS STASIS - VARICOSE VEINS ? 8.WHAT IS A COMMON METHOD FOR PREVENTING DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT) IN POST-OPERATIVEPATIENTS? + EARLY AMBULATION - PROLONGED BED REST - EATING A HIGH SUGAR DIET. - SMOKING ? 9.WHAT ARE THE PRIMARY CAUSES OF ACQUIRED HEART DEFECTS? + AGING, INFECTIONS, AND RHEUMATIC FEVER - CONGENITAL ANOMALIES - C)GENETIC FACTORS - LIFESTYLE CHOICES ? 10.WHICH SURGICAL PROCEDURE IS USED TO BYPASS BLOCKED OR NARROWED CORONARY ARTERIES IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE? + CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING (CABG) - CARDIAC MICROVASCULAR BYPASS SURGERY - ANGIOPLASTY - HEART TRANSPLANT ? 11.WHAT IS THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (PCI) IN TREATING ISCHEMIC HEART DISEAS