Field Methods Reviewer Finals PDF

qualitative findings (e.g., themes) that either confirm or Emergent - This means that the initial research plan disconfirm the statistical results. cannot be tightly prescribed, and some or all phases of the process may change or shift a...

qualitative findings (e.g., themes) that either confirm or Emergent - This means that the initial research plan disconfirm the statistical results. cannot be tightly prescribed, and some or all phases of the process may change or shift after the researcher General - Mixed methods are chosen because of their enters the field and begins to collect data. strength of drawing on both qualitative and quantitative research and minimizing the limitations of both Multiphase - The researchers conduct several mixed approaches. methods projects, sometimes including mixed methods convergent or sequential approaches, sometimes Practical - Mixed methods provide a sophisticated, including only quantitative or qualitative studies in a complex approach to research that appeals to those at the longitudinal study focusing on a common objective for forefront of new research procedures. the multiple projects. Non-probability - The respondents are chosen based on Convergent - A researcher collects both quantitative and their convenience and availability. qualitative data, analyzes them separately, and then Researcher as an instrument - Qualitative researchers compares the results to see if the findings confirm or collect data themselves by examining documents, disconfirm each other. observing behavior, or interviewing participants. Construct - Do the items measure hypothetical Axial - Select one of the categories and position it within constructs or concepts? a theoretical model. Observation - The researcher takes field notes on the True experiment - The investigator randomly assigns behavior and activities of individuals at the research site. the participants to treatment groups. Systematic - The researcher chooses a random start on a Test-retest correlation - Are scores stable over time list and selects every X-numbered person on the list. when the instrument is administered a second time? Content - Do the items measure the content they were Internal Consistency - Are the items’ responses intended to measure? consistent across constructs? Grounded Theory - The sample size is between 20-30 Audiovisual materials - This data may take the form of participants. photographs, art objects, videotapes, website main Interview - The researcher conducts face-to-face pages, e-mails, text messages, social media text, or any interviews with participants, telephone interviews, or form of sound. engages in focus group interviews with six to eight Narrative - The sample size is two to three participants interviewees in each group. Embedded - The design nests one or more forms of data Reflexivity - The inquirer reflects about how their role within a larger design. in the study and their personal background, culture, and experiences hold potential for shaping their Multistage - The researcher first identifies clusters interpretations, such as the themes they advance and the (groups or organizations), obtains names of individuals meaning they ascribe to the data. within those clusters, and then samples within them. Pre-experimental - The researcher studies a single Single stage - the researcher has access to names in the group and provides an intervention during the population and can sample the people (or other experiment. elements) directly. Procedural - It is a useful strategy to have a more Transformative - The researcher uses a social justice complete understanding of research problems/questions. theory as a framework for a mixed methods study. Holistic - This involves reporting multiple perspectives, Selective - Explicating a story from the interconnection identifying the many factors involved in a situation, and of these categories. generally sketching the larger picture that emerges. Member checking - To determine the accuracy of the Side by Side - The researcher will first report the qualitative findings through taking the final report or quantitative statistical results and then discuss the specific descriptions or themes back to participants and determining whether these participants feel that they are accurate. Ethnography - It examines one single culture-sharing group with numerous artifacts, interviews, and observations. Explanatory - The overall intent of this design is to have the qualitative data help explain in more detail the initial quantitative results. Peer debriefing - This process involves locating a person who reviews and asks questions about the qualitative study so that the account will resonate with people other than the researcher. Data transformation - A final procedure is to merge the two forms of data in a table or a graph. External auditor - The procedure of having an independent investigator look over many aspects of the project enhances the overall validity of a qualitative study.