Functional Groups - Organic Chemistry - Family Names Quiz (PDF)

Functional Groups What is the family name? alkanes H H  Only carbon and hydrogen H C C H  All single bonds H H Q: What should you call cyclic hydrocarbons made up o of just si...

Functional Groups What is the family name? alkanes H H  Only carbon and hydrogen H C C H  All single bonds H H Q: What should you call cyclic hydrocarbons made up o of just single bonds? A: Cycloalkanes alkenes  Only carbon and H H hydrogen  A carbon to carbon C C double bond H H Q: What should you call a molecule with two C=Cs? A: A diene alcohols  Only one oxygen H H  Has an O-H group  Can classify as 1º/2º/3º H C C O H according to position of O-H group on H H carbon skeleton Q: Why are short-chain alcohols so soluble in water? A: They can form hydrogen bonds with H2O molecules phenols  Only one oxygen O H  Has an O-H group  The O-H group is directly attached to a benzene ring Q: The C6H5- group has a special name. What is it? A: Phenyl aldehydes  Only one oxygen H O  Has a C=O group  C=O group is at the H C C end of carbon chain, so is next door to a H hydrogen atom H Q: Aldehydes can be easily oxidised to form …? A: Carboxylic acids ketones  Only one oxygen H O H  Has a C=O group  C=O group is not H C C C H at the end of carbon chain, so is next door to 2 carbons H H Q: Ketones cannot easily be oxidised. Why not? A: No hydrogen atom attached to the C=O group. carboxylic acids  Has 2 oxygens  Has O-H and C=O H O groups on the same carbon atom H C C  This -COOH group has to be at the end of a O H carbon chain (why?) H Q: Write an equation showing how ethanoic acid can a act as a (weak) acid. A: CH3COOH(aq) CH3COO–(aq) + H+(aq) esters  Has 2 oxygens H O  One oxygen is part H of a C=O bond, the H C C other is next door, O C H sandwiched between H two carbons H Q: This ester can be made by reacting ethanoic acid with a an alcohol. Name the alcohol, and name the ester. A: Alcohol = methanol; ester = methyl ethanoate ethers  Has 1 oxygen H H H  No O-H or C=O group H C C O C H  The oxygen is sandwiched between H H H two carbon atoms Q: Why do ethers have much lower boiling points t than their isomeric alcohols? A: No hydrogen bonds between ether molecules (why?)  “What family…?” quiz Family names:  cycloalkane  aldehyde  alkene  ketone  primary (1º) alcohol  carboxylic acid  secondary (2º) alcohol  ester  tertiary (3º) alcohol  ether  phenol … are you ready? 5 … 4 … 3 … 2 … 1 … GO! What family does it belong to? (1) H H C C H H What family does it belong to? (2) H O H C C H H What family does it belong to? (3) H H O H H C C C H H H H What family does it belong to? (4) H C O H H What family does it belong to? (5) H H H C O C H H H What family does it belong to? (6) H O H H C C O C H H H What family does it belong to? (7) H O H H C C C H H H What family does it belong to? (8) O H What family does it belong to? (9) H H O H C C C O H H H What family does it belong to? (10) H H C H H H C C O H H H H C H What family does it belong to? (11) H H C C H H H Answers: “What family?” quiz (1) H H C C H H alkene Answers: “What family?” quiz (2) H O H C C H H aldehyde Answers: “What family?” quiz (3) H H O H H C C C H H H H secondary alcohol Answers: “What family?” quiz (4) H C O H H primary alcohol Answers: “What family?” quiz (5) H H H C O C H H H ether Answers: “What family?” quiz (6) H O H H C C O C H H H ester Answers: “What family?” quiz (7) H O H H C C C H H H ketone Answers: “What family?” quiz (8) O H phenol Answers: “What family?” quiz (9) H H O H C C C O H H H carboxylic acid Answers: “What family?” quiz (10) H H C H H H C C O H H H H C H tertiary alcohol Answers: “What family?” quiz (11) H H C C H H H cycloalkane “Spot the functional groups” quiz Functional groups:  alkene  aldehyde  primary (1º) alcohol  ketone  secondary (2º) alcohol  carboxylic acid  tertiary (3º) alcohol  ester  phenol  ether  arene (NEW!) … are you ready? 5 … 4 … 3 … 2 … 1 … GO! Spot both the functional groups (1) OH phenol OH O carboxylic acid Spot all three functional groups (2) O ester O O carboxylic acid OH arene Spot both the functional groups (3) OH O phenol O ester Spot both the functional groups (4) primary alcohols OH OH OH secondary alcohol Spot all three functional groups (5) ketone O tertiary OH alcohol alkene Spot all three functional groups (6) O aldehyde H alkene arene Spot all three functional groups (7) O ketone arene OCH3 ether