Excretory System SAQs.docx

The Excretory System SAQs - What is homeostasis?  1. the maintenance of a constant internal environment in the body.  - What is excretion?  1. the removal of metabolic waste from the body. - What is secretion? 1. **Secretion** is the production and release of chemicals from cells. -...

The Excretory System SAQs - What is homeostasis?  1. the maintenance of a constant internal environment in the body.  - What is excretion?  1. the removal of metabolic waste from the body. - What is secretion? 1. **Secretion** is the production and release of chemicals from cells. - The pituitary gland is responsible for secreting what hormone that controls how much water is reabsorbed?  1. ADH/ antidiuretic hormone - What is the role of excretion in homeostasis?  1.  The excretory system **prevents the accumulation of poisonous wastes** that may interfere with metabolism.  - What is osmoregulation?  1. controlling the balance of water and salts (potassium etc.) in the blood.  - What is the function of the renal artery?  1. to carry blood that is high in waste products from the aorta to each kidney.  - What are the 3 functions of the kidneys?  1. to filter the blood, control osmoregulation and reabsorption - What is the function of the bladder?  1. to store urine - What is the function of the urethra?  1. to carry urine out of the body  - In which part of the kidney are nephrons mainly located? 1. the cortex  - What is the function of the nephron? 1. to make urine.  - Name the 3 stages that occur during urine production.  1. filtration, reabsorption, collection/ excretion.  - What substances do not enter the bowman's capsule during filtration?  1. proteins and blood cells  - Which part of the brain detects salt in blood concentration?  1. the hypothalamus - Which part of the brain secretes ADH?  1. The pituitary gland.  - How is the production of ADH affected when the blood has a high salt concentration? Mention urine volume in your answer.  1. ADH is secreted from the pituitary gland and there is a low volume of urine produced.  - How is ADH production affected when the blood has a low salt concentration? Mention urine volume in your answer.  1. The hypothalamus in the brain detects the diluted blood and turns off ADH production. There is a high volume of urine produced.  - What is kidney failure and how is it treated?  1. Kidney failure happens when the kidney is no longer functioning properly. It is treated with dialysis or a kidney transplant.