Cardio Phys Practice Exam 2023 PDF

Sara Ellefson; StudentID: A00164941 Strengths and Improvement Opportunities Cardio phys practice exam 2023 Course: Human Physiology ‡Instructor: N/A ‡Questions: 35 40.00% My Score (14/35) QUESTION CORRECT 1 POINTS INCORRECT PARTIAL CREDIT A decrescendo-crescendo diastolic murmur would be c...

Sara Ellefson; StudentID: A00164941 Strengths and Improvement Opportunities Cardio phys practice exam 2023 Course: Human Physiology ‡Instructor: N/A ‡Questions: 35 40.00% My Score (14/35) QUESTION CORRECT 1 POINTS INCORRECT PARTIAL CREDIT A decrescendo-crescendo diastolic murmur would be consistent with Original Order: 31 0/1 X A: aortic regrugitation X B: aortic stenosis > C: mitral stenosis X D: mitral regurgitation 2 Which of the following is a characteristic that is shared by both hard and soft coronary artery plaque? Original Order: 28 1/1 X A: cellular degradation exceeds growth X B: a large plaque protruding into the vessel lumen (inward remodeling) X C: rupture of the cap leading to thrombosis > D: increased coronary artery vasoconstriction due to loss of nitric oxide 3 Negative dp/dt is Original Order: 17 1/1 X A: measured during the isovolumetric contraction phase of the cardiac cycle X B: an index of cardiac contractility X C: measured during the rapid filling phase > D: an index of ventricular relaxation 4 A drug company is developing a new drug to act on the aterial vascular system. This drug increases the activity of myosin light chain phosphatase. It is expected that this drug will be used to Original Order: 7 0/1 X A: increase blood pressure X B: decrease aortic compliance X C: decrease blood flow to the tissues > D: decrease vascular resistance 5 A predominant effect of a small release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla would be Original Order: 10 0/1 > A: vasodilation in the skeletal muscle X B: vasoconstriction in the aterioles of the intestine X C: vasoconstriction in the arterioles of the skeletal muscle X D: vasoconstriction of the arterioles of the heart 6 Which of the following is a likely consequence of mild to moderate mitral stenosis? Original Order: 32 1/1 X A: an increase in left ventricular end diastolic volume > B: nocturnal dyspnea X C: an increase in stroke volume X D: decreased pulmonary vascular pressure X E: a softened S1 7 You would predict that the intensity of a murmur caused by an stenosis of the aortic valve would be loudest during Original Order: 33 X A: atrial contraction X B: the rapid filling phase X C: isovolumetric contraction > D: the rapid ejection phase 0/1 8 Which of the following would be expected to DECREASE the amount of oxygen consumed by the heart? Original Order: 34 0/1 X A: an increase in afterload > B: a decrease in end diastolic volume X C: an increase in heart rate X D: an increased opening of the voltage gated calcium channel X E: a decrease of the activity of the NA/K ATPase pump on the plasma membrane 9 The correct placement for the V1 precordial lead of the EKG is Original Order: 11 1/1 X A: 4th intercostal space to the left of the sternum > B: 4th intercostal space to the right of the sternum X C: 4th intercostal space midclavicular line X D: 5th intercostal space to the right of the sternum 10 ______ would cause a decrease in venous return. Original Order: 24 1/1 X A: An increase in blood volume > B: An increase in right atrial pressure X C: An increase in mean circulatory filling pressure X D: Cyclical abdominal contraction 11 Malnutrition is associated with the development of ascites, i.e. edema fluid in the abdominal cavity. A mechanism that contributes to this effect is Original Order: 23 0/1 X A: an increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure > B: a decrease in capillary oncotic pressure X C: a decrease in tissue oncotic pressure X D: an increase in tissue hydrostatic pressure 12 An increase in arterial blood pressure from 130 to 190 mm Hg would be expected to produce a ________ in cerebral blood flow. Original Order: 8 1/1 > A: sustained large increase X B: sustained large decrease X C: transient very small increase X D: very small decrease 13 Which of the following would increase vasoconstriction in vascular smooth muscle? Original Order: 9 0/1 X A: A decrease in myosin light chain kinase activity > B: a decrease in myosin light chain phosphatase activity X C: An increase in potassium channel opening X D: A decrease in voltage gated calcium channel opening 14 A murmur heard during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle would be consistent with Original Order: 18 X A: aortic stenosis X B: mitral regurgitation > C: aortic regurgitation X D: a stiff ventricle 0/1 0/1 15 In the figure, which point represents a decrease in preload? Original Order: 21 X A: A X B: B X C: C > D: D 16 One of the major effects of an increase in afterload on cardiac mechanics is Original Order: 19 0/1 X A: an increase in velocity of ejection X B: a decrease in ventricular contraction X C: a gradual thinning of the ventricular muscle > D: a decrease in stroke volume 17 The S2 heart sound occurs during the ________ of the cardiac cycle. Original Order: 20 0/1 X A: isovolumetric contraction X B: rapid ejection phase > C: isovolumetric relaxation phase X D: rapid filling phase X E: atrial kick 18 PT has an EKG done as part of a workplace physical requirement. The EKG reveals the following: each P is followed by a QRS, each QRS is preceded by a P, and the QRS is of normal duration. The PR interval and the heart rate are variable, while the rate is the same whether calculated from either the P-P or R-R interval. The P waves have different shapes in each successive beat. Given these data, the most likely diagnosis is Original Order: 12 0/1 X A: third degree AV node block X B: ventricular ectopic pacemaker X C: sinus arrhythmia > D: wandering atrial pacemaker 0/1 19 Please select the most appropriate diagnosis for the EKG strip displayed in the figure Original Order: 13 X A: Wandering atrial pacemaker > B: Atrial flutter X C: Ventricular flutter X D: Wandering ventricular pacemaker 20 Which of the following intervals on the EKG would be consistent with impaired ventricular conduction? Original Order: 14 0/1 X A: A PR interval of 0.14 seconds X B: A QT interval of 0.4 seconds > C: A QRS duration of 0.2 seconds X D: A ST segment duration of 0.08 seconds 21 The peak of the P wave on the EKG represents a period in time when Original Order: 15 0/1 X A: the atria are mostly hyperpolarized > B: the atria are half depolarized X C: the atria are completely depolarized X D: the atria are completely repolarized 22 A dominant effect of activation of the vagal nerve (parasympathetic) on cardiac electrophysiology would be Original Order: 27 0/1 X A: increased automaticity in the SA node X B: decreased conduction in the atria > C: decreased conduction in the AV node X D: decreased conduction in the Purkinje Fibers 23 Which ion movement would increase the slope of the pacemaker potential? Original Order: 5 0/1 X A: Increased outward movement of potassium X B: Decreased inward movement of calcium via T-type calcium channels X C: Decreased inward current through the HCN (funny) channel > D: Increased inward movement of calcium via L-type calcium channels 24 During the isovolumetric contraction phase of the heart, Original Order: 29 0/1 X A: blood flow increases in the left coronary artery > B: blood flow increases in the right coronary artery X C: blood flow decreases in the right coronary artery X D: there is no change in the coronary blood flow in the left coronary artery 25 Veins: Original Order: 25 0/1 > A: are much more compliant than arterioles X B: contain 20-25% of the total blood volume X C: have approximately the same flow and therefore the same resistance as arteries X D: all of the above are true X E: none of the above are true 26 The prevalence of angina is actually higher in women than in men in the age group of 40-59 years of age. Which of the following symptoms of angina is reported more frequently in women than in men? Original Order: 30 1/1 X A: chest tightness X B: left arm pain X C: epigastric burning > D: fatigue 27 The myogenic theory of autoregulation predicts that arterial vascular smooth muscle will Original Order: 2 1/1 > A: contract in response to an increase in internal pressure X B: relax in response to an increase in internal pressure X C: contract in response to a decrease in internal pressure X D: none of the above 28 Digitalis enhances the contractility of cardiac muscles by Original Order: 3 > A: Inhibiting the Na-K ATPase of cell membrane X B: Stimulating the intracellular production of cyclic AMP X C: Decreasing the amount of Ca2+ available to myofibrils X D: Stimulating cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors X E: Blocking beta-adrenergic receptors 0/1 29 What valve disorder can lead to volume overload and dilation in the left ventricle? Original Order: 4 1/1 X A: pulmonary valve stenosis > B: aortic insufficiency (regurgitation) X C: mitral valve stenosis X D: tricuspid valve insufficiency 30 A patient has been referred for cardiac rehabilitation. The patient has complaints of exercise intolerance with elevated intensities of exercise. There is no EKG tracing in the file but the following description is available. The QRS is of normal duration and is upright in Lead II. The R-R interval is erratic. The rhythm is not considered sinus in nature because there is an absence of identifiable P waves. The rate calculated from the R-R interval ranges between 68 and 88 beats per minute. This description would be most consistent with Original Order: 22 1/1 X A: wandering atrial pacemaker X B: ventricular tachycardia > C: atrial fibrillation X D: Mobitz I Second Degree AV node block 31 The S-T segment on the EKG represents a point in time when the ventricle is Original Order: 1 0/1 X A: 50% depolarized. X B: 50% repolarized. > C: 100% depolarized. X D: 100% repolarized. 32 FT has relatively moderate asthma attacks for which he has been taking albuterol, a beta adrenergic receptor agonist. The frequency of his attacks has increased recently and he has correspondingly increased his use of albuterol. He is calling today because he's noticed that his Fitbit is showing that his resting heart rate has increased from 68 to 78 beats per minute. Which of the following may have contributed to this effect? Original Order: 26 1/1 X A: An increase in potassium channel opening in SA node pacemaker cells. X B: A decrease in voltaged calcium channel opening in SA node pacemaker cells. > C: An increase in HCN channel opening in SA node pacemaker cells. X D: All of the above would contribute to an increase in heart rate. X E: None of the above would contribute to an increase in heart rate. 33 Which of the following would be the most appropriate strategy to slow conduction of the cardiac action potential through the ventricle? Original Order: 35 1/1 > A: Block sodium channels. X B: Block voltage gated calcium channels. X C: Block potassium channels. X D: Block the "funny" HCN channels. 34 Measurements taken in a typical continuous capillary indicate that plasma hydrostatic pressure is 32, plasma oncotic pressure is 27, interstitial hydrostatic pressure is -6 and interstitial osmotic pressure is 5. Under these conditions there is a net Original Order: 16 1/1 X A: Filtration pressure of 6 mm Hg. X B: Reabsorption pressure of 6 mm Hg. X C: Filtration pressure of 4 mm Hg. > D: Filtration pressure of 16 mm Hg. X E: None of the above are correct. 35 An important factor contributing to the blister at the site of a burn is Original Order: 6 > A: an increase in capillary permeability. X B: a decrease in lymphatic flow. X C: a decrease in tissue oncotic pressure. X D: a decrease in postcapillary resistance. ©2023 ExamSoft Worldwide LLC. All Rights Reserved. 1/1