Exam Memory and Learning Past Paper 2021 PDF

2021 The passing information from working memory to long term memory depend on: a) Temporal cortex b) The...

2021 The passing information from working memory to long term memory depend on: a) Temporal cortex b) The cerebellar cortex c) The frontal cortex d) Do not know. The fixed capacity channel model assumes that. a) Practice reduces the risk that subtasks surpass the fixed capacity channel. b) Practice increases the capacity needed for subtasks. c) I do not know. d) Practice increases the fixed capacity channel. Semantic memories are: a) Necessarily tagged with context b) Autobiographical c) I don’t know d) Factual Which is correct? a) The left VLPFC is more active during the maintenance of verbal material, whereas the right VLPFC is more active during the rehearsal spatial material. b) The left vlpfc and the right vlpfc are equally active during the maintenance of verbal or spatial information. c) The left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is more active during the maintenance of spatial information, whereas the right VLPFC is more active during the maintenance of verbal information. d) I don’t know The temporary disruption of memory is called: a) Transient retrograde amnesia b) Transient global amnesia c) I don’t know d) Transient specific amnesia Skill memories are: a) Memories about what you remember b) Memories about what you know how to do c) I don’t know d) Memories about what you know Ventrolateral prefrontal cortex lesions produce: a) Deficits in perceptual processes b) Deficits in the rehearsal process c) Deficits in the temporal ordering of information d) I don’t know Test of additional reading: The general semantic network encompasses. a) Para hippocampal, middle temporal, ventral parietal, midline frontal and posterior regions and the anterior temporal lobe a64b0469ff35958ef4ab887a898bd50bdfbbe91a-3831291 Reservados todos los derechos. No se permite la explotación económica ni la transformación de esta obra. Queda permitida la impresión en su totalidad.  Experimental evidence of the phonological loop consists of a) Phonological maintenance, word loop, and articular potentiation effects b) I don’t know c) Phonological similarity, word length and articular suppression effects d) Acoustic level, syntactic and articular boosting effects Reservados todos los derechos. No se permite la explotación económica ni la transformación de esta obra. Queda permitida la impresión en su totalidad. Test of additional reading: the episodic buffer is probably implemented in: a) A posterior area implicated in verbal and spatial working memory. b) I don’t know c) The right frontal cortex that integrates verbal and spatial information Test of additional reading: Modality specific brain activations during retrieval are related to a) Episodic encoding b) Episodic forgetting curves c) I don’t know d) Episodic reinstatement effect Patients with medial temporal lobe lesions a) Cannot learn new skills although they don’t recall verbally their practice trials b) Can learn new skills and also recall verbally their practice trials c) I don’t know In schizophrenia a) The DLPFC is dysfunctional but the VLPFC is intact b) The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is intact, but the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is dysfunctional c) Both DLPFC and VLPFC are dysfunctional d) I don’t know Fits model: ✓ A cognitive stage followed by an associative stage and then followed by an autonomous stage. Medial temporal lobe lesions in humans result in ✓ Severe anterograde and some retrograde amnesia The idea of shared elements or distributed representation in multilayer network models of learning refers to: ✓ Each stimulus (or a feature) is represented as a pattern of activation across many different node DLPFC lesions produce: ✓ Deficits in the temporal ordering of information Test of additional reading: semanticization refers to: ✓ Episodic memories achieve the status of personal facts through repeated re-encoding Proactive interference refers to the observation that ✓ Old information hinders recall of newly acquired information IMAGE: standard consolidation & standard consolidation theory a64b0469ff35958ef4ab887a898bd50bdfbbe91a-3831291 Esta cuenta de ING es como la opinión de tu ex: NoCuenta.  Skill memories are usually conceptualized as: ✓ Non-declarative memories In health humans, declarative memory depends on: ✓ Medial temporal lobe and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Reservados todos los derechos. No se permite la explotación económica ni la transformación de esta obra. Queda permitida la impresión en su totalidad. From a developmental viewpoint research has shown that humans start forming reliable autobiographical memories ✓ By 5.6 years The self-ordered memory task tests ✓ Controlled updating of short-term memory buffers The generalization gradient observed in Pigeons when trained on pecking color disk reflects that ✓ The animal estimates, the consequences of novel stimuli Research on memory consolidation has shown that: ✓ Older memories are more resistant to disrupt Retrieval of memories are more likely when: ✓ Cues available at recall are similar to those available at encoding Meta-analysis has shown that working memory activates ✓ Fronto-parietal regions Test of additional reading: transfer of information between codes refers to: ✓ Subvocally rehearse visually presented items The concept of working memory refers to transient memories that are: ✓ Maintained and manipulated The medial temporal lobe structure consist of ✓ The hippocampus, enthorinal cortex, parahippocampal cortex and the amygdala The acquisition of skills follows a ✓ Power law In perceptual motor tasks it has been observed that ✓ Identical twins reared apart performed similar with practice Which expression is correct? ✓ Shared elements nodes are OR gates and configural nodes are AND gates Hippocampal lesions in animals produce a deficit in: ✓ Spatial memory Ebbinghaus has observed that most forgetting occurs after : ✓ First few hours or days after learning a64b0469ff35958ef4ab887a898bd50bdfbbe91a-3831291 Esta cuenta de ING es como la opinión de tu ex: NoCuenta.  Increased firing of prefrontal neurons during delay has been conceptualized as ✓ Bridging time between stimulus cues and contingent responses Episodic memories are ✓ Tagged in time and space Episodic and semantic memories are considered as ✓ Declarative memories A popular model for semantic memory is ✓ A hierarchical semantic network Dual task experiments have shown that ✓ The capacity of the visual sketchpad and phonological loop are independent. Agnosia is ✓ Relatively selective disruption of semantic memory The digit span in healthy young adults is usually between ✓ 6-7 items Patients with limited hippocampal damage usually show (besides anterograde amnesia) ✓ Retrograde amnesia of one to 2 years a64b0469ff35958ef4ab887a898bd50bdfbbe91a-3831291 Reservados todos los derechos. No se permite la explotación económica ni la transformación de esta obra. Queda permitida la impresión en su totalidad.