NSG 4552 Management & Leadership Exam 1 Study Guide PDF

**NSG 4552 Management & Leadership** **Exam \#1 Study Guide** - Nonmalficence: The duty to do no harm to patients, intentionally or unintentionally. - Autonomy: Respecting the patient\'s right to make their own healthcare decisions. - Justice: Fairness in treatment, including equit...

**NSG 4552 Management & Leadership** **Exam \#1 Study Guide** - Nonmalficence: The duty to do no harm to patients, intentionally or unintentionally. - Autonomy: Respecting the patient\'s right to make their own healthcare decisions. - Justice: Fairness in treatment, including equitable allocation of resources like organ transplants. - Fidelity: Keeping promises and commitments made to patients - Veracity: The duty to tell the truth and be honest with patients - Beneficence: An obligation to act for the benefit of the patient and to protect and defend the right of others, prevent harm, remove conditions that will cause harm, help persons with disabilities, and rescue persons in danger. - Confidentiality: Obligations do not disclose confidential information given by a patient to another party without the patient\'s authorization. - Moral Outrage: a strong feeling of anger or indignation in response to perceived wrongdoings or injustices. - Interpersonal conflict & Interprofessional Collaboration - Morals and Values **Patient Rights and Advocacy** - DNR Orders: Nurses must respect Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) orders, even if family members disagree, as long as the patient has made the decision with informed consent. - Informed Consent: Patients have the right to withdraw from procedures at any time. Nurses must inform the provider if the patient changes their mind after signing the consent form. - Cultural Competency: Understanding and respecting different cultural perspectives, such as patients deferring healthcare decisions to a family patriarch or religious beliefs influencing care refusal. - Refusal of Care: Refusal of care is when a patient or individual chooses not to receive medical treatment or interventions, despite being informed of the potential risks or consequences. - Self Determination: the right of a patient to make their own decisions about their health care. All clients must be informed of their right to accept or refuse treatment, including the right to leave a facility without a discharge from provider. - Leaving AMA: (Against Medical Advice) refers to when a patient chooses to leave a healthcare facility or stop treatment, despite the healthcare provider advising against it due to potential health risks. Client is asked to sign an AMA form if leaving a facility and refusing care. - Confidentiality: right to privacy of the health record. - Advance Directives (ATI Book pg.29): to communicate a client's wishes regarding end-of-life care should the client be unable to do so. **Leadership in Nursing** - Transformational Leadership: Focuses on empowering others to achieve their full potential and creating positive changes within the team. - Democratic Leadership: Involves staff in decision-making processes, such as including nurses in hiring decisions or care planning. - Authoritarian Leadership: Involves making decisions independently and maintaining tight control over staff, which may not always be effective in healthcare settings. - Laissez-Faire Leadership: A hands-off approach where leaders provide minimal direction, allowing team members to make decisions independently. This style can work well with highly skilled and motivated teams but may lead to confusion or a lack of accountability if the team lacks experience. - Informal Leadership: Leadership that comes from influence rather than a formal position. Informal leaders inspire and guide others without having an official title or role, often by using their personal skills, expertise, or relationships to influence peers. - Emotional Intelligence: Important for conflict resolution and managing stress during challenging situations. Leaders use emotional awareness to handle conflicts effectively. - **Legal Aspects of Nursing Practice** - Nurse Licensure: Regulated by the State Board of Nursing, which establishes standards for nursing practice and ensures nurses meet the required educational and ethical criteria. - Nurse Practice Act: Define the scope of nursing practice in each state. Nurses should familiarize themselves with the act relevant to their location to ensure compliance. - ANA Code of Ethics: The ANA (American Nurses Association) Code of Ethics is a set of guidelines that provides ethical principles and standards for nurses to follow in their practice. It ensures that nurses uphold values such as respect for patient autonomy, commitment to patient care, and the promotion of justice, integrity, and accountability in their professional conduct. - Malpractice: Nurses can avoid malpractice claims by maintaining high professional standards and demonstrating genuine care and concern for patients. - State Board of Nursing (Leadership book pg.51): membership organization consisting of all U.S. state and territorial boards of nursing, NCSBN maintains a database (NURSYS) that enables states to enter and access current information regarding licensure and discipline of nurses throughout the country. - How to Avoid Being Sued - Civil vs. Criminal Law **Patient Care Scenarios** - End-of-Life Care: Nurses must respect patients' wishes regarding life-prolonging treatments, including honoring advance directives and durable power of attorney. - Managing Medical Errors: When errors occur (e.g., medication errors), nurses are required to report the incident and file an occurrence report to improve safety and avoid future mistakes. - Handling Cultural Conflicts: Nurses should advocate for patients while respecting cultural values, such as explaining the importance of pain management while accommodating preferences for alternative treatments. **Conflict in Nursing** - **Interpersonal Conflict:** This occurs between individuals (e.g., between two nurses or a nurse and a patient) due to personality clashes, communication issues, or misunderstandings. Managing interpersonal conflict requires active listening, empathy, and effective communication skills. - **Interprofessional Conflict:** This type of conflict occurs between members of different professional groups (e.g., between nurses and doctors or pharmacists). It often arises from differences in opinions, roles, or power dynamics. Resolving interprofessional conflict involves promoting collaboration, respect for each role's expertise, and clear communication across disciplines. **Critical Thinking and Decision-Making** - **Clinical Judgment:** Nurses must use critical thinking to assess situations and make sound decisions, especially when prioritizing patient care. - **Problem-Solving:** Leadership roles often involve synthesizing data, gathering input from various stakeholders, and evaluating options before making decisions to improve outcomes (e.g., reducing patient wait times). - Triaging Patients: - Role & Purpose of Risk Management - Incident Reports