Rock-Forming Minerals PDF
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This document provides information on rock-forming minerals, including their characteristics, chemical compositions, and physical properties. The document details various examples such as quartz, feldspar, mica, etc. It's likely educational material focused on geology or science.
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ROCKS a natural substance made up of crystalline crystals of various minerals fused together form a solid mass MINERALS CHARACTERISTICS OF A MINERAL: 1. Naturally Occurring 2. Inorganic 3. Solid MINERALS CHARACTERISTICS OF A MINERAL: 4. Orderly Crystalline Structure 5. Definite Chemical Composit...
ROCKS a natural substance made up of crystalline crystals of various minerals fused together form a solid mass MINERALS CHARACTERISTICS OF A MINERAL: 1. Naturally Occurring 2. Inorganic 3. Solid MINERALS CHARACTERISTICS OF A MINERAL: 4. Orderly Crystalline Structure 5. Definite Chemical Composition ROCK-FORMING MINERALS 1) QUARTZ chemical composition: SiO2 Mohs Scale: 7 highly fragile 1) QUARTZ hard, glassy substance with white streaks Pure quartz is transparent and clear. 2) FELDSPAR chemical composition: XAl12Si32O8, where X is K, Ca, or Na Mohs Scale: 6 fairly tough 2) FELDSPAR light-colored material, usually white, but milder colors of red or green are possible 2) FELDSPAR a glassy luster has rectangular crystals that shatter along flat faces 3) MICA set of hydrous potassium aluminum silicate minerals Mohs Scale: 2 to 2.5 3) MICA perfect cleavage, which reduces it to thin smooth flakes Its shine is responsible for the flashes of light in rocks such as granite and slate. 4. PYROXENE chemical composition: XY(Al,Si)2O6, with X being Ca or Mg and Y being Mg, Fe, or Al Mohs Scale: 5 to 6 4. PYROXENE has a glassy sheen with white, pale green, or light brown streaks key feature: two cleavages at around 90° 5. AMPHIBOLE chemical composition: X(OH)4Si16O44, with X being Mg, Fe, or Ca Mohs Scale: 5 to 6 5. AMPHIBOLE has a dark color has a transparent appearance and a glassy gloss has very long and thin crystals 6. OLIVINE chemical composition: (Mg, Fe)2SiO4 Mohs Scale: 6.5 to 7 distinctive olive-green hue 6. OLIVINE translucent, glassy substance that is nearly as hard as quartz Its crystals are granular in appearance. 7. CALCITE chemical composition: Ca(CO3) Mohs Scale: 3 7. CALCITE found in abundance in sedimentary rock limestone and metamorphic rock marble 7. CALCITE with three cleavage directions that intersect at 75-degree angles
