Environmental Earth Science Semester 1 Study Guide PDF

Name: Environmental Earth Science Semester 1 Study Guide Layers of the Earth Label the layers of the Earth in the diagram to the right: 1. What are 2 characteristics of the CRUST? 2. What are 2 characteristics o...

Name: Environmental Earth Science Semester 1 Study Guide Layers of the Earth Label the layers of the Earth in the diagram to the right: 1. What are 2 characteristics of the CRUST? 2. What are 2 characteristics of the MANTLE? 3. What is the difference between the inner core and outer core? Density 4. Fill in the blanks using the following terms: DENSITY, MASS, VOLUME ______________________ is the measurement of how tightly packed a material is. It is calculated by dividing the _______________ of an object by its ____________________.  5. Why do objects with a higher density sink in water while objects with a lower density float? 6. How does the density of the Earth's layers change as you move from the crust to the inner core? 7. A block of aluminum occupies a volume of 15.0 mL and weighs 40.5 g. What is its density? (Show your work and units!) 8. What is the MOST DENSE liquid? 9. What is the LEAST DENSE object? Rocks and the Rock Cycle 10. Label the types of rocks and processes in the Rock Cycle diagram:  11. Define and explain the following: Igneous Rock – Sedimentary Rock – Metamorphic Rock – 12. How can an igneous rock become sedimentary rock? Describe the processes involved. 13. What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks? Superposition & Geologic Time 14. Fill in the blanks: The law of ___________________________________ states that in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest layers are at the ___________________, and the _____________________ layers are at the top. 15. Why is the principle of superposition important for understanding Earth's history? 16. How can fossils be used to determine the age of rock layers? 17. Look at the image to answer the following questions. a. What time period happened after the Precambrian period that is the oldest in the image? b. What time period had dinosaurs? c. What is a fossil you could find in the Cenozoic period?  18. What is an example of relative dating in the image? 19. What is an example of absolute dating in the image? Spheres of the Earth 20. Fill in the chart below with the correct description of each sphere: Sphere Description Atmosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Biosphere 21. Give an example of all four spheres interacting. Plate Tectonics 22. What plate boundary is at the Eurasian and North American plates? 23. What plate boundary is at the North American and Pacific plates? 24. What plate boundary is at the Nazca and South American plates?  25. What happens at each plate boundary? a. b. c. 26. How did Pangea break apart? 27. How can plate tectonics cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions? Earthquakes 28. Label the diagram to the right: a. ______________________ b. ______________________ c. ______________________ boundary d. __________________________________ e. ______________________ 29. Fill in the table about seismic waves. Type of Wave Describe the Wave Draw the Wave What time did it arrive (think Slinky) in the image below?  30. Find the earthquake epicenter in the image. What country is it in? Volcanoes 31. Where can you find the majority of the volcanoes in the world? 32. Label the parts of the volcano diagram: 33. What are 2 negative effects of volcanoes on the environment? 34. What are 2 positive effects of volcanoes on the environment? How do you feel about the final?