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ENTREPRENEURSHIP - LABORATORY PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES AND RETAILERS IN THE PHILIPPINES PRODUCTS UNILAB  Omeprazole + Sodium bicarbonat...

ENTREPRENEURSHIP - LABORATORY PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES AND RETAILERS IN THE PHILIPPINES PRODUCTS UNILAB  Omeprazole + Sodium bicarbonate (Risek Insta) First name: United Drug Co. Inc  Cefuroxime (Cefuget) Founders: Jose Y. Campos and Mariano K. Tan  Montelukast Sodium (Montiget) Year Established: Jan 15, 1945  Clopidogrel (Norplat) 1st location in the Philippines: Sto. Cristo  Clarithromycin (Clariget) Street, Binondo, Manila.  Isophane Insulin Human (rDNA) (Insuget-N) HISTORY 1954: The company expands into manufacturing as United Laboratories, Inc. (Unilab) and opens its first facility in V. Mapa Street, Manila. DIAMOND LABORATORIES 1958: Unilab puts up another product division, Westmont. At the same time, First Name: Diamond Laboratories, Inc Unilab begins export operations. Unilab transfers to Mayflower, Mandaluyong Founder: Roberto V. Cabrera Jr. City. 1966: Unilab expands into animal healthcare with Univet Agricultural Year Established: 1984 Products, known today as Univet Nutrition and Animal Health Company 1st Location in the Philippines: Quezon City (UNAHCO). 1983: Unilab puts up Pediatrica. PRODUCTS 2002: Unilab puts up Asian Antibiotics, Inc., a manufacturing plant in Sta. Rosa,  Losartan Potassium (Natrazol) Laguna. Unilab enters into unibranded generics with its RiteMED division.  Senna Leaves Senna Pods (Biofitea)  Bomvi-Zinc PRODUCTS  Cefalexin (Diacef)  Paracetamol (Biogesic)  Multivitamins (Enervon)  Ascorbic Acid (Vitcee)  Naproxen Sodium (Skelan 550)  Multivitamins (Fulvit)  Carbocisteine (Solmux)  Bioflu  Paracetamol Caffeine (Rexidol Forte)  Dextromethorphan HBr Phenylpropanolamine HCI Paracetamol AMBICA INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION (Tuseran Forte) First Name: Ambica International Corporation  Phenylephrine HCI Chlorphenamine Maleate Paracetamol (Neozep Forte) President: Kamal Abichandani  Aluminum Hydroxide Magnesium Hydroxide Simeticone (Kremil-S) Year Established: 2003  Ibuprofen (Medicol) 1st Location in the Philippines: Parañaque, Metro Manila PRODUCTS PASCUAL LABORATORIES  Gemcitabine Hydrochloride (Gemosanz-200) Founders: Isosceles and Leonora Pascual  Immunoglubulin Normal, Human (Immunorel) Year Established: 1946 1st location in the Philippines: Balut Island, Tondo Manila.  Amphotericin B (Amphostal)  Docetaxel Trihydrate (Docesanz-80) PRODUCTS  Ascorbic Acid (Poten-Cee) Pharmaceutical Companies in the Philippines (Retailer)  Vitex negundo L., Lagundi Leaf (ASCOF Forte)  C-Lium (FIBRE) MERCURY DRUG STORE  OraCare Founders: Mariano Que  Glutaphos Year Established: March 1, 1945 1st location in the Philippines: Bambang st. Manila TAISHO PHARMACEUTICALS Co. Ltd Branches: over1200 First Name: Taisho Seiyaku Revenue : 132 billion (2017) Founder: Seiji Ota Year Established: 1912 1st location in the Philippines: Makati City SOUTHSTAR DRUG Founders: Tomas Dy-Makao HISTORY Year Established: 1937 1927: PABRON, best-known and longest-selling items. 1st location in the Philippines: Naga city, Philippines 1948: Changing the name to Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Branches: 650 1955: Registration of eagle mark as a trademark and beginning of its use in Revenue : 200-500 million product advertising. 1972: Taisho started its operations in the Philippines by importing LIPOVITAN. WATSONS DRUG PRODUCTS Founders: Tomas boswell Watson  Paracetamol (Tempra) Year Established: 1841  Meclizine HCI (Bonamine) 1st location in the Philippines: Manila, Philippines  Naproxen Sodium (Flanax Forte)  Lipovitan Branches: 1000  Vivalyte Revenue : 30million dollars (2022) GETZ PHARMA THE GENERICS PHARMACY First Name: Getz Pharma Founders: Benjamin I. Liuson Founder: Joseph Getz Year Established: 2001 Year Established: 1995 1st location in the Philippines: Banaue in Quezon City 1st location in the Philippines: Pasig, Metro Manila Branches: more than 2000  TOP PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES IN THE WORLD POPULAR PRODUCTS PFIZER  Roaccutane (Isotretinoin) Pfizer, Inc., named after Charles Pfizer, evolved from manufacturing chemicals  Cotelllic (Cobimetinib) to becoming a pharmaceutical giant, making groundbreaking contributions like  Avastin (Bevacizumab) the mass production of penicillin during World War II.  Herceptin (Trastuzumab) FOUNDERS Charles Pfizer: (1824–1906) JOHNSON & JOHNSON Charles F. Erhart: (1821–1891) FOUNDERS Robert W. Johnson: Served as the first president of J&J. (February 20, 1845 – HISTORY February 7, 1910) 1849: Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhart, two German immigrants, founded James W. Johnson: The logo of J&J's early products resembled his signature. Pfizer & Company in Brooklyn, New York. The company initially produced fine (1856–1932) chemicals, including an antiparasitic drug, santonin. Edward M. Johnson: Led the company’s sales and marketing division in the 1905: Emile Pfizer was the last member of the Pfizer/Erhart family to be 19th century. (April 23, 1852 – March 20, 1934) actively involved with the company. 1906: Charles Pfizer died at the age of 82 while vacationing at his Newport, HISTORY Rhode Island estate. 1886: Johnson & Johnson (J&J) is founded in New Brunswick, New Jersey, by 1919: Pfizer chemist James Currie and his assistant, Jasper Kane, successfully three brothers. The company initially focuses on surgical dressings and sterile pioneer the mass production of citric acid from sugar through mold products. fermentation. 1888: J&J publishes the Modern Methods of Antiseptic Wound Treatment 1941: Pfizer alone uses fermentation technology among all companies manual, which revolutionizes medical care by promoting sterile techniques. pursuing mass production of penicillin. 1894: Introduction of Johnson’s Baby Powder, leading to the development of a 1950: Pfizer discovered and commercialized Terramycin (oxytetracycline), its baby care product line. first proprietary antibiotic. 1921: Introduction of BAND-AID® Brand Adhesive Bandages, invented by Earle 1967: Vibramycin (doxycycline hyclate), company’s first once-a-day broad Dickson, a J&J employee. spectrum antibiotic. 1956: Johnson & Johnson opened its first operating company in the 1980: Pfizer introduced Feldene (piroxicam), a breakthrough anti- Philippines. inflammatory drug for arthritis. 1959: Acquisition of McNeil Laboratories, bringing Tylenol (acetaminophen) into the J&J portfolio. BACKGROUND 1961: J&J acquires Janssen Pharmaceutica, entering the prescription Year Established: 1849 pharmaceutical market. Latest revenue: $45.9 Billion (as of 2024) 1963: Development of HALDOL® (haloperidol), a significant breakthrough in Current main office: New York, United States antipsychotic medications. POPULAR PRODCUTS 1997: Introduction of REMICADE® (infliximab) for autoimmune disorders,  Pregabalin (Lyrica) developed through Janssen.  Multivitamins + Minerals (Centrum) 2016: Approval of DARZALEX® (daratumumab), a breakthrough in multiple  Viagra myeloma treatment.  Atorvastatin (Lipitor)  Ibuprofen (Advil) BACKGROUND Year Established: 1886 Latest revenue: $85.16 billion (as of 2023) ROCHE Current main office: New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA A Swiss entrepreneur who founded F. Hoffmann-la Roche & co. In 1896 in Basel, Switzerland. At just 28 years old, he recognized the potential of POPULAR PRODUCTS industrial medicine production to combat diseases. Hoffmann was a pioneer in  Tylenol pharmaceutical manufacturing, focusing on standardized dosages and  Invega (Paliperidone) international marketing.  Remicade (Infliximab) FOUNDER ABBVIE Fritz Hoffmann-La Roche: (1868-1920) Is the chairman of the board and CEO of pharmaceutical company AbbVie. Originally an executive vice president at Abbott Laboratories, he was asked to HISTORY lead AbbVie, its spinoff company, when it was launched in 2013. 1896: Fritz Hoffmann-La Roche founded F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. in Basel, Switzerland. The company initially produced and sold vitamin preparations. FOUNDER 1934: Roche became the first company to mass-produce synthetic vitamin C, Richard A. Gonzalez sold under the brand name Redoxon. 1963: Development of HALDOL® (haloperidol), a significant breakthrough in HISTORY antipsychotic medications. 2013: AbbVie was officially launched as an independent biopharmaceutical 1997: Introduction of REMICADE® (infliximab) for autoimmune disorders, company on January 2, 2013, following its spin-off from Abbott Laboratories. developed through Janssen. Began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ABBV.” 2016: Approval of DARZALEX® (daratumumab), a breakthrough in multiple 2015: The U.S. FDA approved AbbVie's treatment for Parkinson's disease and a myeloma treatment. therapy for moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa. HUMIRA® received 1940: Hilde Pfaltz becomes Roche’s first official company doctor, introducing FDA approval for moderate-tosevere hidradenitis suppurativa, a chronic standardized drug testing. inflammatory skin condition 1997: Acquired Boehringer Mannheim, becoming a leader in in vitro 2018: U.S. regulatory approval of ORILISSA® (elagolix) for endometriosis pain. diagnostics. 2019: AbbVie announces the acquisition of Allergan, known for products like 2009: Roche introduced Avastin (bevacizumab) and Herceptin (trastuzumab), Botox®, to diversify its portfolio. two revolutionary cancer drugs that significantly advanced the treatment of 2020: Launch of RINVOQ® (upadacitinib) and SKYRIZI® (risankizumab) to breast and colorectal cancers. address conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, reducing dependence on HUMIRA®. BACKGROUND Year Established: 1896 Latest revenue: 58.7 billion Swiss (as of 2023) Current main office: Basel, Switzerland BACKGROUND POPULAR PRODUCTS Year Established: 2013  Allerga (Fexofenadina) Latest revenue: 55.53 billion (as of 2023)  Plavix (Clopidogrel) Current main office: North Chicago, Illinois  Dulcolax  Aluminum Hydroxide Magnesium Hydroxide Simethicone (Maalox) POPULAR PRODUCTS  Lasix (Furosemide)  Humira Pen (Adalimumab)  Orilissa  Botox (OnabotulinumtoxinA) ASTRAZENECA  Rinvoq (Upadacitinib) HISTORY  1999: AstraZeneca was officially created through the merger of Astra AB (Sweden) and Zeneca Group (UK). MERCK  2000: AstraZeneca launched Nexium (esomeprazole), a blockbuster FOUNDERS treatment for acid reflux and heartburn. Friedrich Jacob Merck: February 18, 1621-1678  2002: AstraZeneca’s cancer drug Iressa (gefitinib), used for non-small- cell lung cancer, was approved in Japan and later in other countries. HISTORY  2007: AstraZeneca acquired MedImmune, a U.S.-based biotechnology 1668: Friedrich Jacob Merck purchased a pharmacy in Darmstadt, Germany, company, called "Engel-Apotheke" (Angel Pharmacy).  2008: The company introduced Crestor (rosuvastatin), a cholesterol- 1891: George Merck, a descendant of Friedrich Jacob Merck, emigrated to the lowering statin that became one of its top-selling drugs. United States and established Merck & Co. in New York City as the American  2014:The company launched Tagrisso (osimertinib), a breakthrough branch of the German Merck company. treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer with specific genetic 1933: Merck developed the first Vitamin B1 (thiamine) synthesis, a mutations. breakthrough in treating beriberi and other nutritional deficiencies. 1944: Researchers at Merck isolated streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective BACKGROUND against tuberculosis. Year Established: 1999 1967: The company developed the first measles vaccine, which later became Latest revenue: $51.206 Billion as of 2024 part of the MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella). Current main office: Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United 1980s: Merck launched ivermectin, a groundbreaking antiparasitic drug for Kingdom both humans and animals. 2006: The company launched Gardasil, the first vaccine for HPV (human POPULAR PRODUCTS papillomavirus).  Crestor (Rosuvastatin)  Farxiga (dapagliflozin) BACKGROUND  Esomeprazole (Nexium) Year Established: 1668 Latest revenue: €22.2 billion (as of 2023) Current main office: Darmstadt, Germany. NOVARTIS FOUNDERS POPULAR PRODUCTS Alexander Clavel: (1805–1873)  Janumet  Glucophage HISTORY  Etoricoxib (Arcoxia) 1996: Novartis was formed through the merger of two major Swiss companies:  Dolo-Neurobion CibaGeigy and Sandoz.  Multivitamins + Minerals (Sangbion) 2000: Novartis acquired Chiron Corporation, an American biotechnology company, which helped enhance its portfolio in areas such as vaccines and biotechnology. 2010: Gleevec (Imatinib), developed by Novartis, became one of the leading SANOFI treatments for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and was recognized for its FOUNDERS groundbreaking approach to cancer treatment. Jean-François Dehecq: January 1, 1940 2015: Novartis acquired Actelion Pharmaceuticals, a leader in pulmonary  He is the CEO when Sanofi originally established in 1973 and under his arterial hypertension (PAH) treatments, significantly boosting its position in leadership, the company rapidly expanded both organically and through the specialty medicine market. strategic acquisitions. 2020: Vasant Narasimhan became the CEO of Novartis, leading the company’s  Chairman at Groupe Maori efforts to transform into a more digitally-driven and innovative entity focused  Chairman at Pierre Balmain on breakthrough therapies.  Chairman-Orientation Committee at Bpifrance Participations BACKGROUND  Board of Directors at Provepharm Year Established: 1996  He also served on the board at International Federation of Latest revenue: $45.4 Billion as of 2024 Pharmaceutical Manufacturers. Current main office: Basel, Switzerland HISTORY POPULAR PRODUCTS 1973: Sanofi was founded as a subsidiary of Elf Aquitaine, a French oil  Diclofenac Potassium (Cataflam) company.  Voltaren (Emulgel) 1980:Sanofi acquired Laboratoires Dausse, gaining access to new  Ritalin 10 pharmaceutical products and markets.  Anafranil SR 75 1982:The company acquired Synthélabo, a French pharmaceutical company specializing in over-the-counter (OTC) medications and dermatology products. 2004: Sanofi-Synthélabo acquired Aventis, a major pharmaceutical company BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB created by the merger of Rhone-Poulenc Rorer and Hoechst AG. FOUNDERS 2014: Sanofi launched Toujeo, a long-acting insulin, as part of its commitment Edward Robinson Squibb: Graduates from Philadelphia’s Jefferson Medical to diabetes care. College. He spends a decade as a surgeon in the U.S. Navy. Medicine Chest. 2018: Sanofi acquired Bioverativ, a company specializing in hemophilia and Established a quality-control lab and partnered with his sons in 1892. other blood disorders. William McLaren Bristol: Graduated from Hamilton College Businessman, Co- BACKGROUND founder of Bristol-Myers, Company's President until the late 1920s Year Established: 1973 Latest revenue: $46.5 Billion (as of 2023) John Ripley Myers: Graduated from Hamilton College Physician, Co-founder of Current main office: 46 Avenue dela Grande-Armée Paris, France Bristol-Myers HISTORY 1995: Glaxo merged with Burroughs Wellcome to form Glaxo Wellcome. 1847: Dr. Squibb established a laboratory in Naval Hospital in Brooklyn, New 2000: Glaxo Wellcome merged with SmithKline Beecham to form York. GlaxoSmithKline, becoming one of the largest pharmaceutical companies 1887: William McLaren Bristol and John Ripley Myers purchased the Clinton globally. Pharmaceutical Company in New York, later renaming it Bristol-Myers Company. BACKGROUND 1899: Clinton Pharmaceutical Industry was renamed “Bristol, Myers Company” Year Established: 2000 then to “Bristol-Myers Corporation”; relocated first to Syracuse, then Latest revenue: £30.3 billion (as of 2023) Brooklyn, New York Current main office: London, United Kingdom 1943: Bristol-Myers acquired Cheplin Biological Laboratories and converted it POPULAR PRODUCTS to produce penicillin for World War II Allied forces.  Paracetamol (Calpol) 1989: Bristol-Myers merged with Squibb Corporation, forming Bristol-Myers  Clobetasol Propionate (Dermovate) Squibb, becoming one of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies.  Cholecalciferol + Minerals (Caltate Silver Advance) 2001: BMS acquired DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, strengthening Bristol  Sensodyne Myers Squibb’s HIV and cardiovascular businesses while also adding medical  Scott’s Vitamin C imaging.  Salbutamol (Ventolin) 2019: BMS acquired Celgene Corporation, enhancing its oncology and  Amoxicillin (Amoxil immunology drug portfolio.  Butamirate (Sinecod Forte) BACKGROUND Year Established: 1989 Latest revenue: $45 Billion as of Feb 2, 2024 NOVO NORDISK Current main office: Lawrenceville, New Jersey. FOUNDERS Hans Christian Hagedorn: Danish physician and scientist born on March 6, POPULAR PRODUCTS 1888, in Copenhagen.  Eliquis (Apixaban)  Opdivo August Krogh: Danish physiologist born on November 15, 1874, in Grena,  Revlimid Denmark GLAXOSMITHKLINE HISTORY  Novo Insulin Laboratorium: Diabetes Care  Novo Terapeutisk: Chronic Diseases  Novo nordisk history began a century ago with two Danish companies, Nordisk Insulin laboratorium and Novo Terapeutisk Laboratorium. BACKGROUND Year Established: 1989 Latest revenue: $33.724 Billion as of 2023 Current main office: Bagsbaerg, Denmark FOUNDERS POPULAR PRODUCTS Smith, Kline & French (Founded in the 1830s): An American pharmacist and  NovoRapid businessman. He founded the pharmaceutical company john K. Smith & co.,  Ozempic Which became a part of smith, Kline and French and GlaxoSmithKline.  Victoza  Norditropin (Somatropin) Thomas Beecham (3 December 1820 – 6 April 1907): Beecham (founded in 1843) A british businessman who founded beechams, a large pharmaceutical business. He created the slogan for beecham's pills: "worth aguinea a box" , which is considered to be the world's first advertising slogan, helping the Eli Lilly & Co company become a global brand. FOUNDERS Colonel Eli Lilly (July 8, 1838 - June 6, 1898, Baltimore, Maryland, USA): Joseph Nathan (1835 – 2 May 1912): Glaxo (Founded in 1873) Was a London- Studied pharmacy as an apprentice in Lafayette, Indiana. A pharmaceutical born new Zealand merchant, dairy manufacturer and exporter. A successful chemist Graduated from the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy in 1854. Served businessman, he returned to London in 1887 after 30 years in new Zealand. as a colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War. HISTORY Burroughs Wellcome & Co. (Founded in 1880) 1876 - Founded by Colonel Eli Lilly in Indianapolis, Indiana, to produce high- Silas Burroughs (December 24, 1846 – February 6, 1895): Was an American quality and effective medicines. Pharmaceutical entrepreneur who Founded Burroughs wellcome & co. 1923 - Introduced Iletin, the first commercially available insulin, revolutionizing diabetes treatment. Henry Wellcome (21 August 1853 – 25 July 1936): An American 1955 - Lilly was the first company to manufacture and distribute the Salk Polio Pharmaceutical entrepreneur. He founded the Pharmaceutical company Vaccine globally. Burroughs welcome & company with his colleague silas Burroughs in 1880, 1958 - Lilly introduced Vancocin® (vancomycin hydrochloride, Lilly), an which is one of the four large companies to eventually merge to form antibiotic forinfections associated with certain types of drug-resistant GlaxoSmithKline. bacteria. HISTORY 1982 - Partnered with Genentech to produce Humulin, the first insulin 1830s: John K. Smith founded a drug wholesaler in Philadelphia, USA, which developed using recombinant DNA technology. later became Smith, Kline & French. 1987 - Released Prozac, a groundbreaking antidepressant for treating 1843: Thomas Beecham founded Beecham in England, producing laxative pills. depression and anxiety. 1873: Joseph Nathan established a general trading company in New Zealand, 2004 - Launched Cialis, a treatment for erectile dysfunction. which later became Glaxo. BACKGROUND 1880: Burroughs Wellcome & Co. was founded in London by Henry Wellcome Year Established: 1876 and Silas Burroughs. Latest revenue: $28.5 billion (2023 estimate) 1935: Beecham Research Laboratories wa established, focusing on antibiotics. Current main office: Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 1944: Smith, Kline & French launched the first effective tranquilizer, Thorazine. POPULAR PRODUCTS 1958: Beecham discovered ampicillin, a breakthrough antibiotic  Humulin 70/30 1972: Glaxo acquired Allen & Hanburys, entering respiratory medicine.  Alimta 1989: SmithKline Beckman merged with Beecham to form SmithKline  Prozac 20 Beecham.  Ixekizumab (Taltz)  HISTORY 1987: Gilead Sciences, Inc. was founded by Michael L. Riordan, a physician and AMGEN entrepreneur, in Foster City, California. The company was initially named FOUNDERS Oligogen. William K. Bowes jr (1926 - December 28, 2016): A venture capitalist, 1996: The company received its first FDA approval for Vistide (cidofovir), an philanthropist, and cofounder of U.S. Venture partners. antiviral treatment for cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients. 2001: Viread (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) was approved for the treatment George B. Rathmann (December 25, 1927 - April 22, 2012): An American of HIV. This drug became the cornerstone of Gilead's HIV portfolio. chemist, biologist, pioneer in biotechnology and corporate executive. 2004: The company launched Truvada, combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir, revolutionizing HIV treatment by simplifying therapy regimens. HISTORY 2006: Gilead acquired Corus Pharma, expanding its respiratory drug pipeline. April 8, 1980 - Applied as AppliedMolecularGenetics,Inc. Atripla, the first once-daily single-tablet regimen for HIV treatment, was 1983- TheCompany officially changes its name toAmgen. launched in collaboration with Bristol-Myers Squibb. June 1, 1989- the FDA approves EPOGEN® (epoetin alfa). EPOGEN® is named 2018: Gilead launched Biktarvy, a once-daily, single-tablet regimen for HIV Product of the Year, by Fortune magazine. 1991: Approval of Neupogen (Filgrastim) Approved to help cancer patients BACKGROUND undergoing chemotherapy fight infections. Year Established: 1987 1994 - Awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation for Latest revenue: $27.1 billion (2023 estimate) leadership in developing innovative therapeutics. Current main office: Foster City, California, United States 2002: Acquisition of Immunex Acquired Immunex Corporation for $16 billion, gaining the blockbuster drug Enbrel (Etanercept), used to treat autoimmune POPULAR PRODUCTS diseases.  Biktarvy - HIV  Veklury (Remdesivir) - COVID-19 BACKGROUND  Truvada Year Established: 1980  Vemlidy Latest revenue: $ 8.4 billion (2023 estimate) Current main office: Thousand Oaks, California, United States BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM POPULAR PRODUCTS FOUNDERS  Enbrel Albert Boehringer (1861-1939): A German entrepreneur and chemist.  Prolia (denosumab)  Xgeva (denosumab) HISTORY 1885: Albert Boehringer purchases a small tartar factory in Ingelheim am Rhein TAKEDA 1886:Albert Boehringer launches the production of tartaric acid for use in the FOUNDERS food industry (e.g. in baking powder and fizzy lemonade). Chobei Takeda I (1830, in Osaka, Japan) 1893: Following the death of his older brother Ernst (1860 – 1892), Albert Boehringer renames the company, with effect from 1 January, C. H. HISTORY Boehringer Sohn in honour of his father, Christoph Heinrich Boehringer. 1781: Chobei Takeda I established a herbal medicine business in Doshomachi, 1912: C. H. Boehringer Sohn launches its first drug, Laudanon®, an analgesic Osaka, Japan, a hub for pharmaceutical merchants. based on six opium alkaloids. 1871: Under the leadership of Chobei Takeda IV, the company began 1920: The company launches the cardiovascular drug Cadechol®, a camphor importing Western medicines, signaling its first steps toward modern product rendered water soluble with bile acid. pharmaceuticals. 1941: The respiratory product Aludrin® is launched, breaking new ground in 1925: The company was formally incorporated as Takeda Pharmaceutical the treatment of asthma. Industries, Ltd. 1953: Takeda entered a licensing agreement with Eli Lilly and Company, giving BACKGROUND it access to new antibiotics and expanding its portfolio. Year Established: 1885 1962: Takeda started operations in the United States by opening a subsidiary Latest revenue: 27.7 billion (2023 estimate) in New York, marking its first international expansion. Current main office: Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany 1980: Takeda developed Leuprorin (leuprolide acetate), a treatment for prostate cancer, which became one of its flagship drugs. POPULAR PRODUCTS 1985: Takeda launched its blockbuster anti-ulcer drug, Lansoprazole  Telmisartan (Micardis) (Prevacid), which became a major revenue driver in the 1990s.  Linagliptin (Trajenta) 1998: The company launched Actos (pioglitazone), a diabetes treatment that  Jardiance became one of its most successful products globally.  Clonidine HCI (Catapres) 2019: Takeda completed its largest acquisition to date by purchasing Shire, a  Dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa) biotech company specializing in rare diseases, for $62 billion.  Ipratropiumbromid (Atrovent N) BACKGROUND Year Established: 1781 BAYER Latest revenue: ¥4,263.8 billion (2023 estimate) FOUNDERS Current main office: Nihonbashi, Chuo, Tokyo, Japan Friedrich Bayer (June 6, 1825 - May 6, 1880): Born in the barmen- heckinghausen district of the present-day city of wuppertal in 1825. POPULAR PRODUCTS  Entyvio (Vedolizumab) - Used for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease Johann Friedrich Weskott (October 10, 1821 - October 4, 1876)  Ninlaro (Ixazomib) - An oral treatment for multiple myeloma  Vyvanse (Lisdexamfetamine) - A medication for ADHD and binge eating HISTORY disorder. 1863: Bayer was founded in Barmen (now part of Wuppertal), Germany, by  Qdenga - A dengue vaccine. Friedrich Bayer and Johann Friedrich Weskott. Initially, the company focused on manufacturing synthetic dyes. 1897: Felix Hoffmann, a Bayer chemist, synthesized acetylsalicylic acid, later marketed as Aspirin (1899), one of the world's most widely used medications. FOUNDERS 1904: Bayer introduced its iconic "Bayer Cross" logo, which remains one of the Michael L. Riordan: Earned a Bachelor's degree in Humanities from Yale most recognizable pharmaceutical trademarks. University. Received an M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) from the Johns Hopkins 1912: The company moved its headquarters to Leverkusen, Germany, which School of Medicine. Obtained an M.B.A. (Master of Business Administration) remains its base of operations. from Harvard Business School. 1978: Bayer introduced Cipro (ciprofloxacin), a groundbreaking antibiotic that became widely used for bacterial infections. CSL 2001: Bayer faced challenges related to Baycol (cerivastatin), a cholesterol- HISTORY lowering drug withdrawn from the market due to safety concerns. 1916: CSL (Commonwealth Serum Laboratories) was established in 2016: Bayer announced the acquisition of Monsanto, a leading agricultural Melbourne, Australia, by the Australian government. company, for $66 billion. 1919: The first director, William Penfold, officially opened CSL's laboratory, marking the start of its operations. BACKGROUND 1991: CSL was privatized by the Australian government, transforming from a Year Established: August 1, 1863 public entity into a company listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). Latest revenue: $51.55 billion (2022) 1994:CSL began expanding globally, acquiring Bioplasma, a plasma Current main office: Leverkusen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany fractionation facility, and further strengthening its expertise in plasmaderived products. POPULAR PRODUCTS 2000: Acquired ZLB Bioplasma, a Swiss company, marking its entry into the  Aspirin global plasma products market.  Loratadine (Claritin) 2009: Launched Privigen, an intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy for  Berocca patients with immune deficiencies and autoimmune disorders.  Mometasone (Elica) BACKGROUND Year Established: 1961 TEVA Latest revenue: $10.6 billion (as of 2023) FOUNDERS Current main office: Melbourne, Australia  Haim Salomon  Moshe Levin POPULAR PRODUCTS  Yitschak Elstein  Beriglobin  Albapure HISTORY  Berinert 1901: Teva was founded in Jerusalem by Chaim Salomon, Moshe Levin, and  Respreeza Yitschak Elstein as a small wholesale distributor of imported drugs. 1944: The company was renamed Teva (Hebrew for "Nature") and focused on producing penicillin and other essential medications for the local market. 1964: Teva began exporting drugs internationally, marking its expansion beyond Israel. 1976: Teva acquired Assia and Zori, two other Israeli pharmaceutical companies, strengthening its manufacturing and R&D capabilities. 1980: Teva entered the U.S. market, which would become its largest and most significant market for growth. 1996: Teva introduced a significant breakthrough with the launch of Copaxone® (glatiramer acetate), a treatment for multiple sclerosis. Copaxone would go on to become one of Teva's top-selling drugs. BACKGROUND Year Established: 1901 Latest revenue: $16.772B (as of 2024) Current main office: Petah Tikva, Israel POPULAR PRODUCTS  Vitdayn  Dormirax Forte (Melatonia)  Actelsar (Telmisartan)  Sitagliptin Teva VIATRIS  Mylan N.V + Upjohn = Viatris HISTORY 1961: Mylan Pharmaceuticals was founded in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, by Milan Puskar and Don Panoz as a small drug distribution company. 1886: Upjohn was established as an independent pharmaceutical company in Kalamazoo, Michigan. 1995: Pfizer acquired Upjohn, integrating it into its global operations. Upjohn focused on legacy branded medicines, including Lipitor, Lyrica, Viagra, and Celebrex. 2020: Viatris was officially formed through the merger of Mylan N.V., a leading generic and specialty pharmaceuticals company, and Upjohn, a legacy division of Pfizer that specialized in off-patent branded and generic medicines. BACKGROUND Year Established: 2020 Latest revenue: $16.5 billion (as of 2023) Current main office: Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, USA POPULAR PRODUCTS  Latanoprost + Timolol (as maleate) (Xalacom)  Bien-Etre (et Omega 3)  Confort Urinaire (Cranberry)