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Dr. Raja Altukruni

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academic writing paragraph writing topic sentence English writing

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This document is a set of lecture notes on academic writing, specifically focusing on units 2.13 (part 2) and 1.10. Including various academic writing techniques like avoiding repetition, varying sentence lengths, and using caution.

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ENG 210: Academic Writing I Prepared by Dr. Raja Altukruni Units 2.13 (part 2) + Unit 1.10 in Academic Writing by Bailey Module 1 Learning Objectives Unit: 2.13. Academic Writing Style (Part 2) Unit 1.10: Organizing Paragraphs UNIT: 2.13. Style (Part II)...

ENG 210: Academic Writing I Prepared by Dr. Raja Altukruni Units 2.13 (part 2) + Unit 1.10 in Academic Writing by Bailey Module 1 Learning Objectives Unit: 2.13. Academic Writing Style (Part 2) Unit 1.10: Organizing Paragraphs UNIT: 2.13. Style (Part II) p. 141 Activity 2. Avoiding Repetition and Redundancy, p. 141 How can you avoid word repetition and redundancy? 1. 2. Practice p. 142 Varying Sentence Structure 3. Varying Sentence Length, p. 142 Which is better, writing short or long sentences? Practice p. 143 The Use of Caution 4. The Use of Caution, p. 143 Is writing with a cautious style necessary? Why? Yes, to avoid making statements that can be contradicted. How can caution be shown? In several ways: (modal verbs, adverbs, verbs & modifiers). For example: Crime is linked to poor education. o Crime may be linked to poor education. (modal verb; e.g., can ) o Crime is frequently linked to poor education. (adverb or modifiers; e.g., likely, fairly ) Practice o Crime tends to be linked to poor education. (verb) p. 144 often seems may Unit 1.10: Organizing Paragraphs, p. 67 My Trip to Egypt Visiting Egypt was one of my dreams and life goals. I was so excited when our flight landed at Cairo Airport, and I could not wait to explore it with my brother and mother. And to me, the first day always remains the most special and memorable. We picked a taxi at the airport to go to the hotel we had already reserved. Although Cairo is a noisy and crowded city, we managed to find a hotel in a quiet area. I felt a little discomfort because the streets were cramped, and I did not expect the weather to be so cold, but it was pleasant to look at Egypt's bright sky. We checked in at the hotel and went to the restaurant. We ordered some Egyptian cuisines like stuffed pigeon and grape leaves. The food was delicious; it was neither sour nor spicy. Although it was a five-day trip, I enjoyed every bit of it. I cannot wait to visit it once more and explore all the things and places I missed seeing in this trip. Written by the student Fatimah Al Sadah Study the paragraph above. What is the topic sentence? What are the supporting details? What is the conclusion? What is a paragraph? What is a paragraph? What is a paragraph? A paragraph is a group of sentences that deal with a single topic. What is the normal length of a paragraph? It should normally be no less than four or five sentences. Is there a standard structure for paragraphs? 1. The first sentence introduces the topic. 2. Other sentences may give definitions, examples, extra information, reasons, restatements and summaries. 3. The last sentence is the conclusion. How is a paragraph linked? By transition words/ phrdases and conjunctions What are the three main parts? What are the 3 main parts in a paragraph? Topic sentence: it usually comes at the beginning of a paragraph and tells the A paragraph: reader the main idea of the paragraph. is a unit of writing that Supporting sentences: they are details consists of to support the topic sentence (e.g., at least 5 personal experiences, facts, etc.). Use sentences. connectors/transition words to connect your ideas. Concluding/ closing sentence: it reminds the reader Select the of the topic sentence or sums up the information in appropriate topic the paragraph. Use transition words: In conclusion, sentence finally, to sum up, all in all, etc. Select the appropriate topic sentence. 1. ________. I usually go skiing every weekend in the winter even though it is expensive. I love the feeling of flying down a mountain. The views are beautiful from the top of a mountain and along the trails. Even the danger of falling and getting hurt can’t keep me away from the slopes on a winter day. a) Skiing is expensive. b) Skiing is my favorite sport. c) Skiing is dangerous. 2. _______. One thing you must consider is the quality of the university’s educational program. You also need to think about the school’s size and location. Finally, you must be sure to consider the university’s tuition to make sure you can afford to go to school there. a) It is expensive to attend a university in the United States. b) There are several factors to consider when you choose a university to attend. c) You should consider getting a good education. Practice Writing a Topic Sentence What would be a good topic sentence for the following topics? 1. Friendship 2. Mental health 3. Studying abroad Writing Task WRITING TASK Writing Instructions Write a paragraph of 5-6 sentences with a topic sentence, supporting details, and conclusion about one of the following topics. 1. The benefits of learning English 2. The challenges of learning English Remember to: Add a title Indent Underline the topic sentence and conclusion Follow the academic writing guidelines Pay attention to spelling, grammar, capitalization, and punctuation rules Avoid plagiarism

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