Male Reproductive System Embryology PDF

# Male Reproductive System ## Testes - **Definition:** Primary male sex organ - **Function:** - Production of sperms. - Secretion of the male sex hormones (testosterone). - **Number:** Two - **Shape:** Oval - **Position:** Suspended in the scrotum outside abdominal cavity by the spermatic...

# Male Reproductive System ## Testes - **Definition:** Primary male sex organ - **Function:** - Production of sperms. - Secretion of the male sex hormones (testosterone). - **Number:** Two - **Shape:** Oval - **Position:** Suspended in the scrotum outside abdominal cavity by the spermatic cord - **Structure:** - Each testis is covered by an outer membrane called the tunica vaginalis. - A tough, white fibrous connective tissue capsule, the tunica albuginea, surrounds each testis and extends inward to form septa that partition the organ into lobules. - Each lobule contains 1-2 seminiferous tubules which contain: - **Germinal cells:** Produce sperms. - **Sertoli cells:** For sperm nutrition. - **Testicular stroma:** Lie between the tubules and contain cells secret male sex hormone "testosterone". - **The rete testis:** Network of small tubes at the end of seminiferous tubules. - **The Vasa efferentia:** Small tubules connect the rete testis with epididymis. ## The Epididymis - **Structure:** Single convoluted duct, 6 meters in length, concerned with storage and maturation of sperms. - **Position:** - Located along the posterior aspect of the testis. - Divided into head, body, and tail. ## The Vas Deferens - **Structure:** It is continuous with the tail of epididymis. - **Function:** - Enters the abdomen, reaches the pelvis, and runs on the back of the bladder. - Joins the duct of seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct that opens into the prostatic urethra. ## The Ejaculatory Ducts - **Formation:** Union of vas deferens and duct of the seminal vesicle. - **Termination:** Pierce the prostate to open in the prostatic urethra. ### The Male Urethra (20 cm) - **Parts:** - Prostatic urethra: Widest part - Membranous urethra: Narrowest, shortest part. - Penile urethra: Longest part ## Accessory Glands ### Seminal Vesicle (2 in number) - **Position:** Related to the base of the urinary bladder. - **Structure:** Seminal vesicle duct: Unite with vas deference to form ejaculatory duct. - **Function:** Secretion of seminal fluid for the nutrition of the sperms. ### Prostate (1 in number) - **Shape:** Cone shaped. - **Position:** Surround the prostatic urethra, below the neck of bladder. Traversed by prostatic urethra, ejaculatory ducts. - **Function:** Secretion of seminal fluid for the nutrition of the sperms. ### Bulbourethral (Cowper's) gland (2 in number) - **Position:** In the perineum, its duct opens in penile urethra.