Literature Review and Filipino Authors

LESSON 1 and dreams in a way that resonates with Others. Drama In literature, a drama is the OVERVIEW OF THE NATURE OF Universal Themes Literature...

LESSON 1 and dreams in a way that resonates with Others. Drama In literature, a drama is the OVERVIEW OF THE NATURE OF Universal Themes Literature often deals portrayal of fictional or non-fictional LITERATURE AND ITS GENRES with universal themes such as love, loss, events through the performance of written identity, and struggle, which are relevant to dialog (either prose or poetry). Dramas can Literature as a Significant Human all human beings. be performed on stage, on film, or radio. Experience Dramas are typically called plays, and their Purposes of Literature creators are known as “playwrights” or Reflection of Society Literature mirrors Functions of Literature “dramatists.” the world, capturing the essence of 1. Literature entertains. different cultures, societies, and historical 2. Literature forces us to use all our senses. Types of Drama periods. 3. Literature teaches us valuable lessons Comedy: (Merchant of Venice) about human nature. (Midsummer Night’s Dream) Emotional Connection Through stories, 4. Literature has a moral effect on society. Tragedy: (Romeo and Juliet) (Othello) poetry, and other forms, literature evokes 5. Literature improves and enriches our use (Macbeth) (Hamlet) emotions and fosters empathy. It allows of language. Farce: is a comedy that seeks to entertain readers to connect with characters and 6. Literature inspires. an audience through situations that are experiences beyond their own, offering highly exaggerated, extravagant, insights into the human condition. Prose A written or spoken language in its ridiculous, absurd, and improbable. ordinary form, without metrical structure. (Comedy of Errors) Preservation of Knowledge Literature Melodrama: an exaggerated form of serves as a repository of knowledge and Poetry A work with a special intensity drama, melodramas depict classic one- wisdom, passing down cultural heritage, given to expressing feelings and ideas by dimensional characters such as heroes, beliefs, and traditions from one generation using distinctive style and rhythm; poems heroines, and villains dealing with to the next. collectively or as a genre of literature. sensational, romantic, and often perilous situations. (Gone with the Wind) Personal Growth Reading and engaging Types of Poetry Opera : combines theater, dialogue, music, with literature can stimulate intellectual Lyrical Poetry: focuses on expressing and dance to tell grand stories of tragedy or and emotional development. ideas, feelings, and sensations, often using comedy. imagery and metaphors Creative Expression It allows individuals Narrative Poetry: tells a story, with to articulate their experiences, fears, hopes, characters and a plot LESSON 2 Doktrinang Anakpawis, Mga Retrato at Woman Who Had Two Navels, May Day Filipino Authors Rekwerdo, Muli, Sa Kandungan ng Lupa. Eve. Edith Tiempo - Her poems are intricate verbal transfigurations of significant Amado V. Hernandez - A poet, Severino Reyes - Is a highly acclaimed experiences as revealed, in two of her playwright, and novelist, is among the giant in Tagalog literature of the early 20th much anthologized pieces, "Halaman" and Filipino writers who practiced “committed century. He became the “Ama ng "Bonsai." art”. He stripped Tagalog of its ornate Sarsuwelang Tagalog.” Walang Sugat character and wrote in prose closer to the (zarzuela), Mga Kuwento ni Lola Basyang. Bienvenido Lumbera - As a poet, he colloquial than the “official” style introduced to Tagalog literature what is permitted. Mga ibong Mandaragit, Bayang Paz Marquez Benitez - Is one of the first now known as Bagay poetry, a landmark Malaya Isang Dipang Langit, Luha ng Filipino women to write literary works in aesthetic tendency that has helped to Buwaya, Langaw sa Isang, Basong Gatas. English. According to the book Philippine change the vernacular poetic tradition. – Quarterly of Culture and Society, she is Mga Tulang Lunot at Manibalang, Sa Francisco Arcellana - One of the most considered a pivotal literary figure. Best Sariling Bayan Apat na Dulang May important progenitors of the modern known work: Dead Stars. Musika, Agunyas sa "Hacienda Luisita," Filipino short story in English. He Pakikiramay pioneered the development of the short Bienvenido Santos - Developed an ear for story as a lyrical prose — poetic form. three kinds of communication: Pampango Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzalez - Better Frankie The Man Who Would Be Poe, in the songs his mother sang at home; known as N.V.M. Gonzalez, a fictionist, Death in a Factory, A Clown Remembers, English in the poems and stories his won the First Commonwealth Literary Divided by Two, The Mats. teacher read at school; and Tagalog in the Contest in 1940. The Winds of April street life of the Tondo slums. Scent of Children of the Ash- Covered Loam, The Carlos Bulosan Put a voice to the Apples. Bamboo Dancers, Look, Stranger, The struggles of the Filipino people in the Happiest Boy in the World, The Bread of United States. Best Known Work: America Estrella Alfon - Born in 1917 and hailing Salt and Other Stories. Is in the Heart (semi-autobiographical), from Cebu is Estrella Alfon. She writes My Father Goes to Court. mainly in English, and she is a known Virgilio S. Almario - Also known as Rio story writer, playwright, and journalist. Alma, who has revived and reinvented Nick Joaquinbb - He often wrote under Magnificence. traditional Filipino poetic forms, even as the pen name Quijano de Manila. He was he championed modernist poetics. named the National Artist in 1957. The Manuel Arguilla - He was an Ilocano Makinasyon and Peregrinasyon, writer. He writes in English, was a patriot, and was a martyr, and is widely known for social norms. His most famous work, The Stephenie Meyer - Is an American author his short story “How My Brother Leon Great Gatsby (1925). known for the Twilight Saga, a series of Brought Home a Wife”, the literary piece vampire-themed novels for teenagers. that made him win first prize in the J.K Rowling (Joanne K. Rowling) - Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940. known by her pen name J.K. Rowling, is a George Orwell (Eric Arthur Blair) - was British author and philanthropist. She is an influential English novelist, essayist, Bob Ong - or Roberto Ong, is the best known for creating the Harry Potter and critic renowned for his works pseudonym of a Filipino contemporary series, a seven-volume fantasy saga criticizing totalitarianism and social author known for using conversational published from 1997 to 2007. injustice. His most famous novels include Filipino to create humorous and reflective Animal Farm (1945) and Nineteen Eighty- depictions of life as a Filipino. J.R.R Tolkien (John Ronald Reuel Four (1949). ABNKKBSNPLAKo?!. Kapitan Sino, Ang Tolkien) - The Father of Modern Fantasy Paboritong, Libro ni Hudas. Literature, was an English writer, philologist, and university professor who is Jose Rizal - Rizal wrote many poems as a best known as the author of the high teenager. His first novel, Noli Me Tangere, fantasy works The Hobbit and The Lord of offended the religious leaders of his area the Rings. and caused him to be deemed a troublemaker. Suzanne Collins - Is an American author best known for her young adult dystopian International Authors book series The Hunger Games. Harper Lee - She was a prominent American novelist best known for her Veronica Roth - is an American novelist groundbreaking work, To Kill a and short story writer, best known for her Mockingbird, published in 1960. bestselling young adult dystopian Divergent trilogy. F. Scott Fitzgerald (Francis) - He is best known for his vivid depictions of the Jazz Yann Martel - ls a Canadian author best Age, a term he coined to describe the known for his novel Life of Pi, which won post-World War I era characterized by the Man Booker Prize in 2002. prosperity, consumerism, and changing LESSON 3 LESSON 4 4. Teacher Preference Literature Competencies in English K-12 Entertainment and Cultural Value 5. Administration, Parent and Curriculum Stories were told for entertainment, but Community they were also one of the primary 6. Literary Merit Competence is the set of demonstrable transmitters of culture. characteristics and skills that enable and Literary Merit is the quality of the improve the efficiency or performance of a Historical and Philosophical Value The literature that makes it valuable enough. job. wisdom of thousands of years of culture comes from literature. 1. Entertains the reader and is interesting to Literary Competence read. 1. Developing literary competence is Political Value Literature has political 2. Does not merely conform to the one of the most important value if reading it gives occasion to change expectations of a single genre or formula. outcomes of teaching literature. how a person thinks or acts. 3. Has been judged to have artistic quality 2. This refers to students’ by the literary community (teachers, internalizing the grammar of Artistic Value Literature has artistic value students, librarians, critics, other writers, literature, which allows them to if reading it gives occasion to contemplate and the reading public). convert linguistic sequences into the nature of beauty and human creativity. 4. Has stood the test of time in some way, literary structures and meanings. regardless of the publication date. 3. The essence of literature allows Moral and Ethical Value The importance 5. Shows thematic depth. students to perceive and evaluate of studying literature is understanding what their worth as individuals. it means to be human. Grade Level Standards refer to what When we lose access to literature, we deny students should understand and be able to entrance into a vast storehouse of do by the end of each grade level. knowledge and entertainment over thousands of years of recorded history. Factors Affecting Interests in Literature 1. Motivation 2. Ability to Relate to Students 3. Choice vs. Requirement LESSON 5 Personal Growth Model their reading (Rashid, Vethamani & Models of Teaching Literature This approach, also known as the Rahman, 2010). Language Model The most common enrichment model, attempts to bridge the approach to teaching literature in the language model and the cultural model by Students must go beyond the text for moral classroom is called the language- based focusing on the particular use of language and philosophical inference. approach (Carter & Long,1991). in a text while simultaneously placing it in a specific cultural context. Stylistics Approach Language Model: Activities Stylistic approach implies literary critics Summary Writing LESSON 6 and linguistic analysis. It is for students to Creative Writing Approaches: Teaching Literature appreciate and understand the literary text Role Play 1. Language-Based Approach more deeply. It helps students to interpret Cloze Procedure 2. Paraphrastic Approach the text meaningfully and develops Prediction Exercises 3. Moral-Philosophical Approach language awareness and knowledge. Jumbled Sentences 4. Stylistics Approach Cultural Model Approaches in Teaching Literature This approach helps students deal with Language-based Approach literary work about the target culture, such The language model allows teachers to as literary history or genre. It requires that employ strategies used in language students explore and interpret the social, teaching to deconstruct literary texts to political, literary, and historical context of serve specific linguistic goals. a specific text. Paraphrastic Approach Cultural Model: Purposes An approach primarily paraphrasing and 1. Allow students to explore cultural rewording the text to simpler language or background using other languages to translate it. 2. It leads to a genuine understanding of literary works Moral-Philosophical Approach 3. Encourages students to understand Learners seek moral values from a different cultures and ideologies in particular literary text while reading it. It relation to their own helps students recognize moral and philosophical values and identify those in