ED434- Test #2 Questions and Answers.docx

1. According to research, oral language is a significant predictor of a child\'s success in? Early reading and comprehension 2. What are the two forms of language? Expressive and receptive 3. Which element of phonology has been shown to have the greatest impact on early phonics instruct...

1. According to research, oral language is a significant predictor of a child\'s success in? Early reading and comprehension 2. What are the two forms of language? Expressive and receptive 3. Which element of phonology has been shown to have the greatest impact on early phonics instruction and writing? Phonemic Awareness 4. What is the component of language that refers to sounds in speech? Phonology 5. Where does the rime in a word begin? At the first vowel 6. What are graphemes? Letters 7. Understanding that speech sounds and letter link to one another describes which of the following? Alphabetic Principle 8. What view of language development refers to the belief that oral language is learned through conditioning and shaping processes involving a reward or punishment? Behaviorist 9. The constructivist theory of oral language development links language with? Cognitive Development 10. According to the social interactionist theory, for the zone of proximal development to be successful there must be a joint task with what type of interaction? Learner/ Expert 11. By what age are children using complex sentences to form questions? Ages 3-4 12. What is needed to enhance literacy learning in children with underdeveloped\ language and in English language learners? Early and intensive intervention 13. What does the mean length of utterance (MLU) assess? Length of oral statements 14. Comprehension and collaboration are a category of which Common Core Standard? Speaking and listening 15. What is the correct phoneme segmentation for wake? /w/, /ä/, /ke/ 16. Which component of language development includes connecting one\'s world knowledge, background experiences, interests, attitudes, and perspectives with spoken or written language to construct meaning? Semantics 17. Which oral language assessment tool is used to assess children\'s acquisition of oral language structures and components? OLAI-2 18. What are two activities that help develop heuristic language? Debates, producing print or televised commercials 19. Which form of language requires the receiver of a message to \"decode\" the spoken or written communication? Receptive 20. Which statement is true of the joint productive activity? It promotes language learning in the context of new knowledge 21. Which term implies that children begin to become literate at birth and continue to develop literacy throughout life? Emergent literacy 22. The knowledge of the names and sounds associated with printed letters refers to which early literacy skill? Alphabet knowledge 23. What early reading skill refers to the ability to visually discriminate presented symbols? Visual processing 24. Which classroom assessment involves the teacher reading two of four booklets to assess a child\'s knowledge of concepts about printed or written language? Concepts About Print (CAP) 25. Which skill refers to stretching out a spoken word to say each sound heard in the word? Phonological Awareness 26. Which classroom assessment requires students to listen and isolate sounds in spoken words? Phoneme Segmenting Test 27. How many letters should a kindergarten student be able to name within a minute to evidence fluent letter recognition using the DIBELS Letter Naming Fluency (LNF) test? 30 28. The three functions of language are conceptual, interpersonal, and? Factual 29. Which concept about print instruction involves the rules or conventions that govern written language? Technical aspects of print 30. How are concepts of print best learned? While examining and processing text with a teacher 31. Environmental print refers to print that is frequent and commonly accessible in\ children\'s learning environments. True 32. Which strategy for teaching children concepts about print involves utilization of a\ large print book? Shared reading experience 33. Hearing the same sound in different words refers to? Phoneme identity 34. In kindergarten, which tasks have the greatest impact on reading acquisition? Blending and Segmenting 35. What should be the goal of a Response to Intervention model for struggling readers? Acceleration of Learning 36. The two types of language proficiency are basic interpersonal communication skills (BICS) and? Cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP) 37. What proportion of expository books to storybooks should be read aloud to students to boost interest and build content knowledge? 50/50 38. Directing children\'s eyes to the print concepts of interest? Print referencing 39. Which of the following is NOT true about phonological awareness and phonemic\ awareness instruction? Curiosity and interaction among children should not be encouraged 40. Which one of the following is NOT a discussed strategy for increasing motivation? Have students complete projects about the book they read 41. Which reading skill refers to instantly identifying whole or complete words including their meanings? Word recognition 42. What conceptual connection must young children acquire in order to benefit from the\ typical phonics instruction? Alphabetic Principle 43. Phonics instruction should begin with the teaching of? Consonants with more than one consonant sound 44. Using analogies from known rime patterns to pronounce new words with the same\ rime pattern is called? Learning phonics by analogy 45. Which decoding strategy focuses student and instructional attention on morphemes\ rather than phonemes? Structural analysis 46. What is the base word in \"unbelievable\"? "Un" 47. What is the purpose of having a scope and sequence for phonics and word identification skill instruction? To ensure accurate assessments 48. The critical first step in moving from phonemic awareness to the alphabetic principle and then to phonics instruction is? Understanding miscues 49. Which assessment examines how well students can apply word recognition\ knowledge and skill in authentic text reading? CORE Phonics Survey 50. When would a commercial diagnostic reading test be necessary? During individual assessments 51. What are two components that should be present in a phonics lesson? Checking and confirmation clues 52. What are the two levels of blending and segmenting? First and Second 53. The law of 10/20 was conceptualized to? Increase the speed at which one learns new sets of information 54. The starting point of phonics instruction in RTI models should be determined from? Teacher observation 55. Which method of instruction for struggling readers involves integrating new decoding\ skills? Meaning-based 56. Which game for motivating children involves helping children hear syllables in words and therefore enabling them to segment sounds? Board games 57. what are r-controlled vowels? Schwa 58. Which of the following is an example of a bound morpheme? "Pre" 59. Which assessment is effective in determining how many high-frequency words a student can recognize instantly? CORE Phonics Survey 60. The theory of automatic information processing relates the human mind to? A computer 61. In reading fluency, which component of reading suffers if a student struggles with\ decoding? Comprehension 62. Correct text phrasing can be referred to as? Chunking 63. How many times should passages be read at minimum to help increase fluency? 3 Times 64. The one-minute reading test is used to assess which component of fluency? Accuracy and reading rate 65. Which assessment can offer extensive and reliable information about reading volume and expression? Multidimensional at fluency scale 66. Direct, unambiguous teaching? Explicit instruction 67. How should the time spent on fluency instruction be divided between explicit instruction and reading practice? 30/70 68. Which evidence-based teaching strategy presented in the chapter involves students using a reading genre wheel to self-select an independent-level book of interest? Scaffolded silent reading 69. If you are involving your students in reading different text types across a range of genres, you are engaging them in? Wide oral reading 70. Which is the recommended sequence for daily fluency instruction? 5-9 Minutes of explicit instruction followed by 15-20 minutes of reading practice 71. Two groups taking turns reading passages aloud refers to which type of choral\ reading? Antiphonal reading 72. Fluency problems can be attributed to slow and inaccurate word reading or? Unfamiliar vocabulary 73. Which method of performance reading should NOT be used in the classroom? Round-Robin reading 74. What reading method involves students following along with modeled teacher reading that grows softer with each reread? NIM 75. Which motivational strategy has children read scripts from familiar texts to build\ fluency? Readers theatre 76. Which component of reading fluency refers to the appropriate use of expression in the voice when reading aloud? Prosody 77. According to Kuhn and Stahl, what percentage of words should a student be able to read correctly at the instructional level of text? 90-95% 78. An example of intonation would be which of the following? Student makes noticeable pitch variations throughout communication 79. Try to read three or more words together before pausing, stopping, or taking a\ breath is a fix-up strategy for which oral reading fluency element? Rate 80. How many words do most children acquire in their vocabulary during the first five\ years of life? 10,000 81. What type of text offers a greater frequency of new and unique vocabulary? Informational and expository texts 82. Which type of vocabulary is the largest? Listening 83. Specific vocabulary instruction does NOT lead to comprehension unless which of the following occurs? The methods used are appropriate to the age and ability of the reader 84. Which level of vocabulary learning is correctly matched to its description? Tier 1: Basic Speaking Vocabulary 85. Learning the meanings of new words through conversation is an example of? Indirect vocabulary learning 86. Vocabulary assessment should begin with which method? Screening assessments 87. Which screening assessment helps students link the new word to prior knowledge\ and experiences? Word Maps 88. According to the text, the simplest way to conduct a diagnostic vocabulary\ assessment is? Teacher-made flash cards 89. If a student is fitting a new word into a sentence blank or classifying the word with\ other words he/she is engaging in? Comprehension processing 90. Which reading context mentions words without giving any clues to determine word\ meaning? Nondirective context 91. What vocabulary instruction tool involves students collecting and reviewing words? Word banks 92. Which set of words accurately represents antonyms? Dark-Light 93. All of the following are learning activities that promote word consciousness, except? Repeated Readings 94. Vocabulary words that occur more frequently in text or represent more important\ ideas and concepts are? Core Vocabulary 95. Which RTI Tier 2 strategy involves offering students a brief introduction to the\ meaning of new words then offers multiple encounters with the new word in varying contexts? Fast-Mapping 96. Combining video with print resources and direct instruction has what effect on\ vocabulary learning? Superior Improvement 97. Which type of vocabulary consists of words we can identify and understand when we read? Reading 98. Which vocabulary word is a Tier 2 word? Isotope 99. When students use the comprehended association to generate a new or novel\ product, they are engaging in? Generation processing 100. The construction phase of the construction-integration theory includes which of the\ following processes? Retrieving word meanings 101. Which of the following is NOT a research-supported strategy for focused instruction? Analyzing the sociocultural context 102. Which theory describes how neural networks influence reading comprehension? Schema 103. Story grammar questioning, story grammar parsing, and oral retellings are all used\ to assess which component of reading comprehension? Text features and structure 104. When using retellings to assess comprehension, how many retellings are required to\ get the most reliable assessment? 4-6 105. When prompting a child for oral story retelling, which form is most beneficial for a\ struggling reader? Assisted recall 106. The rule system, elements, and sequencing of stories? Story grammar 107. Which factor(s) do/does the Student Comprehension Strategy Use Survey examine? How well students, select, apply, and regulate their use of comprehension strategies 108. Which four components are involved in reading comprehension? The trader, the text, the activity, the situational context 109. Which answer contains three text features that support reading comprehension and\ should be explicitly taught to students? Table of contents, chapter headings, and visual inserts 110. The author\'s style of putting words together, sentence length, concept density? Sentence structure 111. The transfer the responsibility of selecting and using comprehension strategies from the teacher to the student? Scaffolding 112. Which method of questioning involves the student generating and answering the\ questions? Elaborative interrogation 113. Which term refers to the act of monitoring one\'s own comprehension of text and then taking corrective action? Metacognition 114. Which evidence-based teaching practice is matched with the correct component of\ comprehension? Click or clunk and metacognition 115. Which method for building on background knowledge is specifically designed for\ English learners? Synopsis text 116. Which of the six Cs of motivation is being used when a student is encouraged to\ read increasingly difficult texts? Challenge 117. Which of the following is a way to promote home reading by using three leveled\ books? Three for the road 118. What is another name for the gradual release of responsibility? Scaffolding 119. The use of facts, rules and principles in question-answer relationships, is an\ example of? Inferential level application 120. How many sight words per 60 seconds should a student be able to recognize? 60