EBT_MODULE2_EN12-LIT.pptx

21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD 2 LITERATURE MS. ERIKA MAE B. TANAY  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD LITERATURE The learners independently demonstrate critical thinking...

21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD 2 LITERATURE MS. ERIKA MAE B. TANAY  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD LITERATURE The learners independently demonstrate critical thinking and an understanding of the concepts. NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Clearing the space: Review – the study of literature: Literature (origin of term – litera which means letter) deals with ideas, thoughts and emotion of man – thus it can be said the literature is the story of man. Literature is its broadest sense, is everything that has ever been written. Literature offers us an experience in which we should participate as we read  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Literature does not yield much unless we bring something ourselves to it. Literature is faithful production of life, in a sense it is a product and a commentary on life process. Literature illuminates life. Literature is our life story including its struggles, ideas, failures, sacrifices and happiness  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD The Best Books in Philippine Literature Philippine literature reflects a diverse group of works which are mostly grounded on traditional folktales, socio-political histories, and real-life experiences. Such books have since promoted Filipino cultural values, told daily struggles of locals, and have instilled a remarkable lesson or two.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Noli Me Tángere by Dr. José Rizal Among the great novels in Philippine literature , Noli Me Tángere (Touch Me Not) is the most controversial and widely-known – it’s included in the current education curriculum of Filipino high school students. Written by the country’s national hero, Dr. José Rizal, this novel sparked the social awakening of Filipinos during the Spanish colonial era. As Rizal cannot fathom the unfairness of the Spanish priests and the ruling government at the time, his purpose of writing the book was to expose the ills of Philippine society at the time. In this revolutionary book, you’ll learn about the story of Crisostomo Ibarra, how he dealt with Spanish authorities, and how he prepared for his revenge, as told in Rizal’s 2nd book, El Filibusterismo.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas Another famous masterpiece in Philippine literature, Francisco Balagtas’ Florante at Laura is written in the form of ‘awit’ where there are four lines per stanza and 12 syllables per line. Set in the fictional kingdom of Albania, it tackles the story between Duke Florante and Princess Laura, who’s also being pursued by Florante’s enemy Count Adolfo. As a literary classic, this book has become a favorite play not only among Filipino high school students, but has been showcased in grand theaters such as Gantimpala Theater and the Cultural Center of the Philippines.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Mga Ibong Mandaragit by Amado V. Hernandez Mga Ibong Mandaragit (Birds of Prey) was written by Filipino writer and social activist, Amado V. Hernandez. Being a novel that tackles social-political issues, particularly Philippine revolution and neocolonialism, it has a connection to Rizal’s earlier novels – Noli Me Tángere and El Filibusterismo. There was a passage in the novel where protagonist Mando Plaridel was tested by Tata Matyas on what he knows about Rizal’s controversial books. As he narrated the living conditions of Filipinos then, readers will note how Hernandez had high hopes for significant changes that would uplift the Philippine society.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD The Woman Who Had Two Navels by Nick Joaquin Being one of the most admired writers in Philippine literature, Nick Joaquin was recognized as National Artist of the Philippines for Literature in 1976. In his historical novel entitled The Woman Who Had Two Navels , Joaquin examines the effects and influence of the past towards the post-war events in the Philippines. Lead female character Connie Escobar thinks she has two navels, and thus requests her doctor to remove one – which symbolically means that she wants to shun away from a traumatic past. She later finds out that her husband, Macho Escobar, was the lover of her mother. Hoping to escape after being betrayed, she flees, only to discover more truths.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Po-on A Novel by F. Sionil Jose Like Hernandez and Joaquin, F. Sionil Jose’s works have been deeply influenced by Rizal. This was reflected in his books and short stories, particularly the five-part novel series Rosales Saga, which narrated class struggles and colonialism experienced by Filipinos. Po-on A Novel is the first book in the Rosales Saga, which tells stories about Rosales, Pangasinan in the Philippines. While this book is the last written and published in the series, it’s actually the book that sets the five-part story. Discover the story of Eustaqio “Istak” Samson who abandoned his family to join the rebel forces and escape the cruelty of Spanish authorities. The other four books in the saga are: Tree, My Brother, My Executioner, The Pretenders, and Mass.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Banaag at Sikat by Lope K. Santos Banaag at Sikat (From Early Dawn to Full Light) has been dubbed the ‘bible of the Filipino working class.’ Being among the earliest novels written by Lope K. Santos, it’s considered by Filipino critic Teodoro Agoncillo as one of the most important books in Philippine literature in 1949. That’s because according to Agoncillo, it paved the way for the development of a system on how Tagalog novels were written. The novel narrates the story between Delfin and Felipe who have contrasting views. Delfin is a socialist whereas Felipe, despite being the son of a rich landowner, leans towards anarchism. Throughout the narrative, themes of love, livelihood, and societal status are embedded.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Ilustrado by Miguel Syjuco This novel written by Miguel Syjuco landed him a spot on the 2008 Man Asian Literary Prize, being awarded the Grand Prize. Layered with fiction and non-fiction themes, the story begins with main character Crispin Salvador, a noted writer whose lifeless body was discovered by authorities floating off the Hudson River in New York. Since there was no evidence of foul play, it led them to think that the author must have taken his own life. His student and friend, who has the same name as the book’s author Miguel Syjuco, hopes to unravel the story behind this mystery.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Dekada ’70 by Lualhati Bautista The Marcos era in the ’70s is a dark chapter in Philippine history. No one dares to speak against the government for fear of execution – in some cases, bodies are not even retrieved. Hence, it has been a tumultuous period, especially for the Filipino parents to protect their kids from the oppressive regime and at the same time, stand together as one family. Lualhati Bautista has captured true-to-life scenarios in the ’70s, mentioning changes that arose after the Plaza Miranda bombing and the suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus in the Philippines. The novels tells the story of lead protagonist Amanda Bartolome and her family, where she had to deal with facing the law and her responsibilities towards her five sons.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Smaller and Smaller Circles by F.H. Batacan F.H. Batacan’s Smaller and Smaller Circles is the first Filipino crime detective story set in the Philippines. The mystery novel revolves around two Jesuit priests named Gus Saenz and Jerome Lucero who happen to perform forensic work. There have been murders of young boys in the slum area of Payatas. As the novel explores themes that deal with the corruption and inefficiency in the government, they hope to uncover the mysterious murderer behind the serial killings in Manila‘s slum area. In 1999, Batacan’s mystery novel won the Carlos Palanca Grand Prize for English Novel.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD ABNKKBSNPLAko?! by Bob Ong Spelt in the texting language, the title of this book phonetically reads “Aba nakakabasa na pala ako?!” which can be translated as “Wow I can read now?!” Written by an anonymous Filipino contemporary author whose pen name is Bob Ong, the book rose to fame for depicting the supposed unforgettable moments of his life as a student, starting from the first time of entering school up to his college days. Unlike classic traditional novels, Bob Ong’s books make use of conversational Filipino language as he narrates stories in a humorous way while depicting the real-life situations in Philippine context.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD The best works of world literature Of all the works of world literature, one could easily make a list of hundreds or even thousands of the best. Some of them are mandatory for study at school, you get to know other authors in a conscious life, and sometimes you bring your favorite works through your whole life. Every year new books appear, written by no less talented authors, many of them are successfully made into films, and it seems that print publications are a thing of the past. But, despite this, the best works of world literature remain for the modern reader always interesting and relevant.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen This novel today could be called female, if not for the skill and special ironic syllable of the author. Jane Austen very accurately conveys the whole atmosphere that prevailed at that time in aristocratic English society. The book touches on such problems that always remain relevant: upbringing, marriage, morality, education. The novel, published only 15 years after writing, completes the top 10 best works of world literature.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald Thanks to the novel, the reader manages to plunge into the era that was entrenched after the First World War in the United States. This work of world literature describes not only the fun and carefree life of wealthy American youth, but also its other side. The author shows that the protagonist of the novel, Jay Gatsby, wasted his abilities and indefatigable energy on empty goals: a chic life and a stupid spoiled woman. The book gained particular popularity in the 50s of the last century. In many English-speaking countries of the world, the work is included in the course of literature required for study.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD “Lolita” V.V. Nabokov The book is based on the history of the relationship between an adult man in love and a twelve-year-old girl. The immoral lifestyle of the protagonist Humbert and young Lolita does not bring them happiness and leads to a tragic ending. The work has been successfully screened several times and is still considered one of the best in world literature. The scandalous novel, which simultaneously brought fame and prosperity to the author, was banned from publication in France, England, South Africa, Argentina, and New Zealand over the years.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD "Hamlet" William Shakespeare This is one of the best works of not only literature, but also world drama. The plot of the play is based on the tragic story of a Danish prince who wants to take revenge on his uncle for the murder of the king’s father. The first production of the work on stage dates back to 1600. Shakespeare himself played the shadow of Hamlet's father in it. The tragedy has been translated into Russian alone more than 30 times. In different countries of the world, the work is realized and is popular both in theatrical productions and on the screen.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD “Crime and Punishment” F. M. Dostoevsky The author in his philosophical and psychological novel addresses the issues of good and evil, freedom, morality and responsibility. The main character of the work Rodion Raskolnikov commits murder for the sake of possible wealth, but he begins to pursue torment of conscience. A poor student first hides his gain, and then confesses to crime. Raskolnikov was sentenced to eight years of hard labor, his beloved Sonia Marmeladova comes to help him. This work is required to study in school literature.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD The Odyssey Homer The second work of the ancient Greek poet Homer, written in the VIII century BC, laid the foundation for all world literature. The work tells the story of the life of the mythical hero Odysseus, who returns to Ithaca after the Trojan War, where Penelope's wife is waiting for him. Along the way, the hero-navigator, danger is warned, but an irresistible desire to be at home with his family, as well as intelligence, prudence, resourcefulness, cunning, help him to emerge victorious in battles and return to his wife. In different years, Homer's poem was recognized as the best among other works of world literature.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD In search of lost time” Marcel Proust The main work of the life of a modernist writer is a seven-volume epic, called one of the best works of the 20th century. All novels in the cycle are semi-autobiographical. Prototypes of the heroes were people from the real environment of the writer. All volumes were published in France from 1913 to 1927, the last three of them were published after the death of the author. The work is considered a classic of French literature, and has been translated into several languages ​of the world.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD "Madame Bovary" Gustave Flaubert One of the key works of the realism era was first published in France in 1856. A novel feature is the use of literary naturalism elements in its writing. The author so clearly painted all the details in the appearance and character of the people that in his work there were no goodies at all. According to most modern publications, the work "Madame Bovary" is one of the three best in world literature. The same was noted by I.S. Turgenev, who was a fan of the work of prose writer-realist Gustave Flaubert.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD “War and Peace” L. N. Tolstoy Novel epic of the great Russian writer L.N. Tolstoy from the moment of its first publication and to this day is considered a masterpiece of world literature. The book is striking in its scope. The work shows the life of different layers of Russian society in the era of the Napoleonic Wars of 1905-1912. The author, as an expert in the psychology of his people, was able to accurately reflect these features in the character and behavior of his heroes. It is known that the handwritten text of the novel is more than 5 thousand pages. The work “War and Peace” has been translated into different languages ​of the world and has been filmed more than 10 times.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD "The cunning hidalgo Don Quixote of La Mancha" Miguel de Cervantes The work topping the list is considered a bestseller of world literature. The main character of the novel, created by a Spanish writer, more than once became the prototype of the work of other authors. The personality of Don Quixote has always been under the scrutiny and study of literary scholars, philosophers, classics of world literature and critics. Cervantes’s account of the adventures of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza was filmed more than 50 times, and a virtual museum was even opened in Moscow in honor of the protagonist.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Novels Considered the “Greatest Book Ever Written” Literary critics, historians, avid readers, and even casual readers will all have different opinions on which novel is truly the “greatest book ever written.” Is it a novel with beautiful, captivating figurative language? Or one with gritty realism? A novel that has had an immense social impact? Or one that has more subtly affected the world?  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Anna Karenina Greta Garbo in Anna Karenina (1935), directed by Clarence Brown. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. Any fan of stories that involve juicy subjects like adultery, gambling, marriage plots, and, well, Russian feudalism, would instantly place Anna Karenina at the peak of their “greatest novels” list. And that’s exactly the ranking that publications like Time magazine have given the novel since it was published in its entirety in 1878. Written by Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy, the eight-part towering work of fiction tells the story of two major characters: a tragic, disenchanted housewife, the titular Anna, who runs off with her young lover, and a lovestruck landowner named Konstantin Levin, who struggles in faith and philosophy. Tolstoy molds together thoughtful discussions on love, pain, and family in Russian society with a sizable cast of characters regarded for their realistic humanity. The novel was especially revolutionary in its treatment of women, depicting prejudices and social hardships of the time with vivid emotion.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD To Kill a Mockingbird This book cover is one of many given to Harper Lee's classic work To Kill a Mockingbird (1960). The novel won a Pulitzer Prize in 1961 and the next year was made into an Academy Award-winning film. Grand Central Publishing/Hachette Book Group Harper Lee, believed to be one of the most influential authors to have ever existed, famously published only a single novel (up until its controversial sequel was published in 2015 just before her death). Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird was published in 1960 and became an immediate classic of literature. The novel examines racism in the American South through the innocent wide eyes of a clever young girl named Jean Louise (“Scout”) Finch. Its iconic characters, most notably the sympathetic and just lawyer and father Atticus Finch, served as role models and changed perspectives in the United States at a time when tensions regarding race were high. To Kill a Mockingbird earned the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1961 and was made into an Academy Award-winning film in 1962, giving the story and its characters further life and influence over the American social sphere.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is distinguished as one of the greatest texts for introducing students to the art of reading literature critically (which means you may have read it in school). The novel is told from the perspective of a young man named Nick Carraway who has recently moved to New York City and is befriended by his eccentric nouveau riche neighbor with mysterious origins, Jay Gatsby. The Great Gatsby provides an insider’s look into the Jazz Age of the 1920s in United States history while at the same time critiquing the idea of the “American Dream.” Perhaps the most-famous aspect of the novel is its cover art—a piercing face projected onto a dark blue night sky and lights from a cityscape—an image that is also found, in a slightly different configuration, within the text itself as a key symbol.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD One Hundred Years of Solitude Gabriel García Márquez The late Colombian author Gabriel García Márquez published his most-famous work, One Hundred Years of Solitude, in 1967. The novel tells the story of seven generations of the Buendía family and follows the establishment of their town Macondo until its destruction along with the last of the family’s descendents. In fantastical form, the novel explores the genre of magic realism by emphasizing the extraordinary nature of commonplace things while mystical things are shown to be common. Márquez highlights the prevalence and power of myth and folktale in relating history and Latin American culture. The novel won many awards for Márquez, leading the way to his eventual honor of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982 for his entire body of work, of which One Hundred Years of Solitude is often lauded as his most triumphant.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD A Passage to India E.M. Forster E.M. Forster wrote his novel A Passage to India after multiple trips to the country throughout his early life. The book was published in 1924 and follows a Muslim Indian doctor named Aziz and his relationships with an English professor, Cyril Fielding, and a visiting English schoolteacher named Adela Quested. When Adela believes that Aziz has assaulted her while on a trip to the Marabar caves near the fictional city of Chandrapore, where the story is set, tensions between the Indian community and the colonial British community rise. The possibility of friendship and connection between English and Indian people, despite their cultural differences and imperial tensions, is explored in the conflict. The novel’s colorful descriptions of nature, the landscape of India, and the figurative power that they are given within the text solidifies it as a great work of fiction.  NO. 2 21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD Don Quixote Don Quixote and his servant Sancho Panza are pictured in an illustration from the book Don Quixote, by Miguel de Cervantes. The illustration appeared in an edition of the book that was published in the 1800s. Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote, perhaps the most influential and well-known work of Spanish literature, was first published in full in 1615. The novel, which is very regularly regarded as one of the best literary works of all time, tells the story of a man who takes the name “Don Quixote de la Mancha” and sets off in a fit of obsession over romantic novels about chivalry to revive the custom and become a hero himself. The character of Don Quixote has become an idol and somewhat of an archetypal character, influencing many major works of art, music, and literature since the novel’s publication. The text has been so influential that a word, quixotic, based on the Don Quixote character, was created to describe someone who is, “foolishly impractical especially in the pursuit of ideals; especially: marked by rash lofty romantic ideas or extravagantly chivalrous action.” NO. 2 CREATIVE NONFICTION Literature appeals to man’s higher nature and its needs – emotional, spiritual intellectual and creative. Literature is one of the seven arts ( i,e , music dance, painting , sculpture , theatre and architecture )