English 7 Unit 8: Prose Lesson 1 PDF

English 7 Unit 8: Prose Lesson 1: Types, Features, and Elements of Prose Table of Contents Introduction 1 Learning Competencies 2 Learning Targets...

English 7 Unit 8: Prose Lesson 1: Types, Features, and Elements of Prose Table of Contents Introduction 1 Learning Competencies 2 Learning Targets 2 Warm-Up 3 Learn about It 4 Introduction to Prose 4 Characteristics of Prose 5 Types of Prose 5 Features and Elements of Prose 6 Key Points 12 Check Your Understanding 13 Let’s Step Up 15 Self-Assessment 15 Reflection 16 References 17 Answer Key 18 0 English 7 Unit 8: Prose 1 Types, Features, and Elements of Prose Figure 1. Have you ever wondered why we cannot put down a novel or short story we are reading? Introduction Have you ever wondered how stories captivate us, drawing us into worlds both familiar and extraordinary? Prose is the foundation of these stories. In our lesson today, we will explore the diverse types of prose, their unique features, and the elements that make them resonate with us. Through understanding prose, we not only enhance our reading and writing skills but also deepen our appreciation of how stories reflect and shape our world. 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 1 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Learning Competencies At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to do the following: Distinguish the features of prose. Identify the different types of prose. Analyze literary texts as expressions of individual or communal values within (EN7LIT-II-1). ○ Structural Context conflict character vs. character character vs. society character vs. nature/environment character characterization plot: linear and flashback rhyme and meter diction tone and mood style patterns and motifs figures of speech and sound devices point of view and narrative techniques organic unity Learning Targets In this lesson, the learners should be able to do the following: Define the different types of prose, as well as describe the key features and elements. Identify the elements of prose in literary texts. Analyze a given prose text to determine its diction, tone, mood, style, and the use of figures of speech and sound devices. 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 2 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Evaluate the effectiveness of different narrative techniques and points of view in conveying themes and values. Warm-Up Think-Pair-Share 1. Reflect individually on the statement “Prose is the canvas on which words paint a story.” Consider what this means to you, especially in relation to the stories you have read or written. 2. Join with a classmate and share your thoughts. Discuss how this statement applies to your experiences with prose in literature. 3. Some pairs will be selected to present their discussions to the class. Be prepared to explain your perspective and listen to others. Guide Questions 1. What does the statement mean to you in the context of reading and writing stories? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How does this idea influence your perception of the stories you read or write? _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Share an example of a prose piece (a story, a book, or an article) that you think embodies this statement. _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 3 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Essential Question How do the different types of prose and their elements influence the way we understand and connect with stories? Learn about It Vocabulary to shine with a light reflected off a wet or glisten (verb) polished surface foe (noun) an enemy or opponent harnessed brought under control and put to use, (verb) typically said of natural resources or energies Introduction to Prose Prose is a form of language that mirrors the natural flow of speech and is the cornerstone of most written communication. Characterized by its straightforward, narrative style, prose uses sentences and paragraphs to organize thoughts and convey information. Unlike poetry, which often employs rhyme and meter to create rhythm and resonance, prose is more directly tied to everyday language. It is versatile and ubiquitous, found in everything from novels and essays to articles and everyday conversations. 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 4 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Characteristics of Prose Prose has certain characteristics. These are the following: Structure – Prose typically follows a grammatical structure with clear sentences and paragraphs. This structure is more aligned with every day spoken language, making it more accessible and relatable to a wider audience. Natural flow – It mimics the natural patterns of speech rather than following a metrical structure, which is more common in poetry. This natural flow makes prose more direct and easier to read and understand. Complexity and variety – Prose can range from simple, straightforward writing to complex narratives with intricate plots and characters. This variety allows prose to be used for a wide range of purposes, from telling a simple story to conveying complex ideas and arguments. Narrative style – Often, prose is used for storytelling, whether in the form of fiction or nonfiction. Its narrative style enables the writer to explore characters, settings, and plot developments in depth, offering readers a comprehensive and immersive experience. Flexibility – One of the key characteristics of prose is its flexibility. It can adapt to different subjects and audiences, making it an effective medium for a variety of genres and purposes. Types of Prose Prose is a versatile and dynamic form of writing that can be classified into various types, each serving a distinct purpose and engaging the reader in different ways. Understanding these types is crucial for recognizing the diverse ways in which prose can be utilized to convey messages, stories, and information. Narrative prose – This type of prose is all about storytelling. It involves characters, a setting, a plot, and often a conflict. The primary purpose of narrative prose is to entertain, educate, or inform the reader through a series of events that are connected and lead to a climax and resolution. Examples include novels, short stories, and biographies. Narrative prose often focuses on character development and the journey, both physical and emotional, that 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 5 English 7 Unit 8: Prose the characters undergo. Descriptive prose – As the name suggests, descriptive prose is used to describe something—a person, place, thing, or idea—in detail. This type of writing relies heavily on sensory details and figurative language to paint a vivid picture in the reader's mind. It is not just about listing features but about conveying the essence or atmosphere of the subject. Descriptive prose is often found in literary works, travel writing, and nature writing, where the goal is to make the reader feel as if they are experiencing the subject firsthand. Expository prose – This form of prose is informational and is used to explain, describe, or inform the reader about a specific topic. It is factual, straightforward, and devoid of the writer's opinions or emotions. Expository prose is structured logically and presents evidence to support its points. It's commonly found in textbooks, news articles, manuals, and reports. The aim is to provide clear and concise information or explanations to the reader. Persuasive prose – Persuasive prose aims to convince the reader to accept a particular viewpoint or to take a specific action. It is argumentative and often includes the writer's opinions, supported by evidence and reasoning. The language used in persuasive prose is designed to appeal to the reader's emotions and logic. This type of prose is common in op-ed articles, speeches, advertisements, and political writings. The effectiveness of persuasive prose lies in its ability to engage the reader and present compelling arguments. Features and Elements of Prose Prose is a versatile form of writing that integrates various elements to create rich and engaging stories. Setting – The setting is where and when the story takes place. It can be as significant as a character, influencing the plot and characters' actions. The setting provides context, adds atmosphere, and can symbolize themes or the emotional state of characters. Conflict – The driving force of any narrative, conflict in prose can take many forms, including character vs. character, character vs. society, and character vs. nature/environment. It creates tension and propels the plot forward. Character – Characters are the heart of any prose narrative. They can be 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 6 English 7 Unit 8: Prose complex, multidimensional beings with their own desires, fears, and motivations. Through characters, readers connect emotionally to the story. Plot – The plot is the sequence of events that make up a story. It can be linear, following a chronological order, or nonlinear, using techniques like flashbacks or parallel narratives. The plot structure is crucial in shaping the reader's experience. Theme – The theme is the underlying message or the central idea explored in the story. It is what the story is about at a deeper level beyond the plot. Themes can be moral, philosophical, or reflect on human nature and societal issues. Diction – Diction refers to the choice of words and style of expression that an author uses in their writing. It includes the vocabulary, syntax, and level of formality selected to convey particular meanings and effects. Diction can significantly affect the tone, mood, and overall impact of a text. It helps to establish voice, influence how readers interpret the text, and engage the audience in the narrative or argument. Tone and mood – Tone refers to the author's attitude toward the subject or the audience, while mood is the atmosphere of the story, influencing how the reader feels. Both are essential in setting the overall emotional impact of the narrative. Style – Style encompasses the author's choice of words, sentence structure, and overall approach to writing. It can vary from simple and straightforward to complex and ornate, contributing to the narrative's unique voice. Figures of speech and sound devices – These are the tools writers use to create a particular effect in their writing. Figures of speech, like metaphors, similes, personification, and hyperbole, add creativity and imagery to the text, allowing readers to visualize and engage with the content in a more profound way. Sound devices, such as alliteration, assonance, and onomatopoeia, enhance the auditory quality of the prose, even though it is read silently. These elements can intensify the mood, emphasize certain points, and add a lyrical quality to the prose. 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 7 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Let us look into the following text. When the Lilies Return A legend of the Chinese Invasion. Quiapo, even at the time of the early Spaniards, and for years after, was a deserted field. The story is an old one and generally known to the Tagallos. At the time when the Pasig flowed peacefully along between flowery banks; when its breast was not torn by puffing steamers; and when only a few clustering huts marked the present site of Manila, there grew on the banks of the river a beautiful field of lilies. The lilies glistened like silver in the sunlight, and their sweet odor filled the air with delicious perfume. No hand plucked them from the earth, and no foot trampled out their fragrance; for an ancient prophecy had said that while the lilies stood the happiness of the people should endure. But after a time there came dark days in the history of the Philippines. Yellow hordes swept across the water and carried all before them. The people could hardly expect to resist the invaders, for their warrior king, Loku, had profaned the word of the god, and, in the form of a lizard, was fulfilling his punishment. Their armies were weak and scattered, and the conquerors marched on in triumph. As report after report of disaster reached Luzon, the people trembled for the safety of their fair land. Warriors gathered hastily for the defense of the nation, and all waited for the enemy to appear. One day the water was dotted with the junks of the invaders. They came slowly down the bay, and anchored near the mouth of the Pasig. 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 8 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Then from the boats poured the yellow warriors. Spears rained upon them, stones and arrows laid them low, but their numbers were countless. The people were swept back along the river banks. Fiercely they fought, but numbers told against them. Foot by foot they were pressed back, till they stood on the border of the field of lilies, where they made their last stand. But it was to no purpose. The invaders poured from the ships, and in one desperate charge drove back the ranks of the people, who fought and died among their sacred lilies. All through the night the battle raged, and at daybreak, when the victorious invaders rested on their spears, the beautiful field was no more. The lilies were crushed and torn. The bodies of dead and dying warriors lay everywhere, and the crushed flowers were stained with the blood of friend and foe. The peace of the land was lost. Many years have passed since then. New races have come to the Islands, and new manners and customs have been introduced. The Pasig still flows on to the sea, but its banks are harnessed by bridges. Lofty dwellings and stores take the place of the little huts, and a great city marks the site of the little village. Where once was the beautiful field is now a busy part of the great city. It is called Quiapo, after the lilies. Many of the older people remember the prophecy and wonder if the lilies will ever return. The land is now a peaceful and contented one. Comfort and happiness may be found among its inhabitants. Perhaps the fair, strange women from the great land over the sea are the lilies. Who can tell? 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 9 English 7 Unit 8: Prose “When the Lilies Return” is a narrative prose that utilizes various elements and features of prose to weave a compelling story deeply embedded in the historical and cultural context of the Philippines. The story exhibits a clear and straightforward narrative style, with well-structured sentences and paragraphs that mirror natural speech patterns. This structure makes the narrative accessible and engaging, allowing readers to easily follow the progression of events. The prose is descriptive yet maintains a natural flow, avoiding overly complex or ornate language, which aids in vividly portraying the setting and characters while maintaining readability. The story is a mix of narrative and descriptive prose. As narrative prose, it tells a story with a clear sequence of events, characters, and a plot centered around the historical invasion. The descriptive aspect is prominent in the vivid portrayal of the lilies and the changing landscape of Quiapo, immersing the reader in the physical and emotional ambiance of the setting. The primary conflict, character vs. society, is showcased through the invasion and its impact on the land and its people. The plot unfolds chronologically, detailing the peaceful days before the invasion, the battle, and the eventual transformation of the land, encapsulating the themes of loss, resilience, and change. The tone of the story shifts from tranquil and nostalgic in the beginning to tense and somber during the invasion, and finally, to reflective and contemplative in the conclusion. This tonal shift is accentuated by the author's meticulous choice of diction—from the serene “flowery banks” and “sweet odor” of the lilies to the violent “crushed and torn” aftermath of battle—enhancing the emotional engagement of the reader. The mood throughout the story is poignant, evoking a sense of nostalgia, loss, and eventually, hope. The setting plays a critical role in the story, not just as a backdrop but as a character in itself. It symbolizes the cultural and historical changes that have occurred over time. The theme of resilience in the face of change and the cyclical nature of history are 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 10 English 7 Unit 8: Prose underscored through the symbolism of the lilies and their eventual return. Figures of speech and sound devices are used to enhance the narrative’s vividness and emotional depth. Metaphors and similes enrich the descriptions, particularly of the lilies and the invasion, while the use of sensory language brings the scenes to life, allowing readers to visualize and engage more deeply with the text. In summary, the story effectively utilizes various narrative elements and techniques. It narrates historical events and weaves them into highlighting the enduring cultural identity and resilience of the Filipino people. Through its use of prose elements, the story offers a deep and multifaceted exploration of its themes, resonating with readers both within and beyond the context of its Philippine setting. Let’s Check In How do the elements of conflict, such as character vs. society, contribute to the overall narrative of a prose text? 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 11 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Key Points Prose mirrors natural speech with a straightforward, narrative style, making it a fundamental form of communication in literature. It is found in various formats like novels, essays, and everyday conversation. Prose is characterized by a clear grammatical structure, natural flow, and a narrative style that is flexible and varied in complexity. This adaptability allows prose to cater to a wide range of subjects and audiences. Prose is classified into narrative, descriptive, expository, and persuasive types. Each serves distinct purposes such as storytelling, vivid description, information presentation, and argumentation. Key elements of prose include setting, conflict, character, plot, theme, diction, tone, mood, style, and the use of figures of speech and sound devices. These elements work together to create rich, engaging narratives and convey deeper meanings. Figures of speech and sound devices in prose enhance imagery, mood, and the overall narrative effect, contributing to the text's unique voice and reader's engagement. 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 12 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Check Your Understanding Read the text and answer the questions that follow. The Passing of Loku The tale of Loku is applied to a large, ugly lizard which climbs to the rafters of houses and gives the peculiar cry that suggests its name. This lizard, although hideous, is harmless; it lives on centipedes. Its strange cry may be heard everywhere in the Philippine Islands. Hundreds of years ago a very wicked king named Loku ruled the Philippines. He was cruel and unjust, and condemned to death all who refused to do his bidding. He had vast armies and made war on all until his name was feared everywhere. His power was very great. He conquered every nation that opposed him and killed so many people that the god, viewing the slaughter from his throne above, sent an angel to order him to cease from warfare and to rule the land in peace. Loku was in his palace, planning an assault on his neighbors, when a soft light filled the chamber, and a beautiful angel appeared and delivered the mandate of the master. The cruel king paid no heed, but dismissed the holy messenger in scorn. “Tell your master,” said he, “to deliver his message in person. I do not deal with messengers. I am Loku. All fear my name. I am the great Loku.” Hardly had he spoken when the palace shook to its foundations and a mighty voice thundered, “Is it thus thou Slightest my word? Thou art Loku. All shall 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 13 English 7 Unit 8: Prose indeed know thy name. From every crevice thou shalt forever cry it in a form that suits thy ill nature.” The courtiers, alarmed by the shock, rushed to the king's chamber, but Loku was nowhere to be found. The royal robes lay scattered on the floor and the only living thing to be seen was an ugly lizard that blinked at them from among the plans on the table. They searched far and wide, and when no trace of the king could be found the courtiers divided the kingdom and ruled so wisely and well that there was peace for many years. As for Loku, you may still hear him fulfilling his punishment. From crack and crevice, tree and shrub, he calls his name from dark till dawn: “Lok-u! Lok-u! Lok-u!” And he must cry it forever. 1. How does the character of Loku in the story exemplify the conflict? Discuss how this conflict influences the overall narrative. 2. Examine the use of tone and mood in “The Passing of Loku.” How do these elements contribute to your understanding of the story's themes? 3. Analyze the role of the setting in the story. How does it enhance the plot and character development? 4. Identify and discuss the figures of speech used in the story. How do they contribute to the story's overall impact? 5. Reflect on the narrative style and structure of “The Passing of Loku.” How do these elements affect the way the story is conveyed to the reader? 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 14 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Let’s Step Up Analyze the symbolism in “The Passing of Loku.” What does Loku's transformation into a lizard symbolize about power and responsibility? How does this symbolism enhance the story's message? Consider the cultural and historical context of the Philippines in your response. Self-Assessment I think I need I have a minimal I am confident Skills more time and understanding of that I can do this assistance. it. with ease. Define the different types of prose, as well as describe the key features and elements. Identify the elements of prose in literary texts. Analyze a given prose text to determine its diction, tone, mood, style, and the use of figures of speech and sound devices. 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 15 English 7 Unit 8: Prose Evaluate the effectiveness of different narrative techniques and points of view in conveying themes and values. Reflection I find ______________________ the most interesting because ________________________________. I need to improve on ________________________ because ___________________________________. I need to practice _________________________ because ______________________________________. I plan to ___________________________________________________________________________________ 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 16 English 7 Unit 8: Prose References Chukwuemeka, Edeh Samuel. 2022. “Characteristics/Features of Prose.” Bscholarly, May 4, 2022. https://bscholarly.com/features-of-prose/. Miller, John Maurice. n.d. “Philippine Folklore Stories.” The Project Gutenberg. Accessed November 14, 2023. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/10771/pg10771-images.html. Ojumu, Busola. 2019. “Literature: Prose.” Passnownow, November 13, 2019. https://passnownow.com/literature-prose/. “What Is Prose? Learn about the Differences between Prose and Poetry with Examples.” MasterClass. Accessed November 14, 2023. https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-prose-learn-about-the-differences-between-pro se-and-poetry-with-example 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 17  English 7 Unit 8: Prose Answer Key Let’s Check In How do the elements of conflict, such as character vs. society, contribute to the overall narrative of a prose text? Answer: The elements of conflict, such as character vs. society, play a crucial role in the overall narrative of a prose text. They serve as catalysts for the story, driving the plot forward and contributing to character development. This type of conflict often highlights societal issues, moral dilemmas, or cultural clashes, adding depth and complexity to the narrative. In stories where a character is pitted against society, themes such as individuality, resistance, conformity, and social justice are often explored. These conflicts make the narrative more engaging and thought-provoking, encouraging readers to reflect on their own societal views and experiences. Check Your Understanding 1. How does the character of Loku in the story exemplify the conflict? Discuss how this conflict influences the overall narrative. Possible answer: Answers may vary. Loku's conflict with the supernatural represents his struggle with moral and ethical values. This conflict drives the plot and highlights the theme of consequences for one's actions. 2. Examine the use of tone and mood in “The Passing of Loku.” How do these elements contribute to your understanding of the story's themes? Possible answer: Answers may vary. The tone of the story shifts from ominous to reflective, creating a mood that underscores the themes of power, hubris, and retribution. 3. Analyze the role of the setting in the story. How does it enhance the plot and character development? 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 18  English 7 Unit 8: Prose Possible answer: Answers may vary. The setting, a palace and its surroundings, symbolizes Loku's power and subsequent downfall. It plays a critical role in illustrating the story's central themes. 4. Identify and discuss the figures of speech used in the story. How do they contribute to the story's overall impact? Possible answer: Answers may vary. The use of personification and metaphor, especially in depicting Loku's transformation, adds depth and meaning to the narrative. 5. Reflect on the narrative style and structure of “The Passing of Loku.” How do these elements affect the way the story is conveyed to the reader? Possible answer: Answers may vary. The narrative style is straightforward yet filled with symbolic elements. The structure, moving from Loku's reign to his downfall, effectively communicates the moral of the story. 8.1. Types, Features, and Elements of Prose 19