document.pdf

RIZAL’S SECOND TRAVEL ABROAD IN HONG KONG AND JAPAN February 3, 1888 - sailed to Hong Kong on board “Zafiro” Visited nearby Macao for 2 days with Jose Maria Basa Rizal experience: ○ Noisy firecracker-laden Chinese New Year and ○ Marathon lauriat party - charac...

RIZAL’S SECOND TRAVEL ABROAD IN HONG KONG AND JAPAN February 3, 1888 - sailed to Hong Kong on board “Zafiro” Visited nearby Macao for 2 days with Jose Maria Basa Rizal experience: ○ Noisy firecracker-laden Chinese New Year and ○ Marathon lauriat party - characterized by numerous dishes being served IN HONG KONG AND JAPAN February 28, 1888 - Yokohama, Japan February 29, 1888 - proceed to Tokyo He live in the Spanish legation in Tokyo upon the invitation of its secretary JUAN PEREZ CABALLERO. March 1888 - he heard a Tokyo band nicely playing a European music, was so astonished to find out that some of its members were Filipinos IN HONG KONG AND JAPAN Seiko Usui “O-Sei-San” - 23 year old Japanese girl who would passed by the legation every day. She became Rizal’s tour guide and sweetheart rolled into one. SAIL TO WEST April 13, 1888 - Rizal boarded the “Belgic” Rizal befriended TETCHO SUEHIRO, a Japanese novelist and human rights fighter who was forced by his government to leave his country. April 28, 1888 - the ship arrived in San Francisco. ○ For a week the passengers of the ship was quarantined because of the alleged outbreak of cholera in Far East. SAIL TO THE WEST May 6, 1888 - Rizal went to Oakland, on board a train. May 13, 1888 - he finally reached New York On Bedloe Island he had seen the Statue of Liberty, symbolizing freedom and democracy. ○ Ironically, Rizal observed that there was racial inequality in the land and concluded that the real freedom was only for the whites. IN GREAT BRITAIN, PARIS AND SPAIN May 16, 1888 - sailed for Liverpool onboard the ship “City of Rome” May 24, 1888 - Arrived Liverpool May 25, 1888 - reached London and stayed briefly at Dr. Antonio Ma. Regidor’s house. ○ He boarded at the Beckett residence were he was lovingly served by GERTRUDE, the daughter of his landlord. IN GREAT BRITAIN, PARIS AND SPAIN June, 1888 - He made friend with Dr. Reinhold Rost and Family Dr. Rost is an expert in Malayan language Had a good Filipiniana library in his house and described our national hero as “a pearl of a man” (Una perla de hombre) IN GREAT BRITAIN, PARIS AND SPAIN In London - Rizal manually copied and annotated Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a rare book available in the British Museum. Became the honorary president of the patriotic society Asociasion La Solidaridad (Solidaridad Association) Wrote articles for La Solidaridad. IN GREAT BRITAIN, PARIS AND SPAIN Met Marcelo H. Del Pilar for the first time Del Pilar - was one of the renowned members of the Propaganda Movement along with: ○ Graciano Lopez Jaena (Publisher of La Solidaridad) ○ Mariano Ponce and ○ Rizal IN GREAT BRITAIN, PARIS AND SPAIN Propaganda - was a patriotic socio-political organization founded in 1872 by Filipinos who had settled in Europe. Also considered as a cultural and literary organization Members of Propaganda are mainly ○ Filipino liberals exiled in 1872. and ○ Filipino students studying in Europe’s universities The Propaganda had a principal publication, the La Solidaridad  IN GREAT BRITAIN, PARIS AND SPAIN Propaganda primarily aimed to bring to Spain’s attention the real needs of its colony. The Propagandists specifically advocated: ○ the recognition of the Philippines as a province of Spain and its (Philippines) representation in the Spanish Cortes. ○ The secularization of the Philippines parishes and clergy ○ the equality between the Spanish and the Filipino, especially in entering government service ○ the establishment of government funded schools not run by the friars ○ the abolition of the “polo” (forced labor) and Vandala (forced sale of local products to the government and ○ the recognition of human rights and freedom, especially of speech and association The Propaganda Movement was branded as assimilationist Assimilation - process whereby individuals or groups of differing ethnic heritage are absorbed into the dominant culture of a society. The process of assimilating involves taking on the traits of the dominant culture to such a degree that the assimilating group becomes socially indistinguishable from the other members of the society. Assimilationist - stand in Rizal’s time refers mainly to the advocacy to have the Philippines be treated as one of Spain’s provinces. IN FRANCE March 1889 - left London for good and went to Paris. Shortly lived in the house of, VALENTIN VENTURA. transferred to a little room where had 2 Filipino roommates Jose Albert - a student from Manila and Capitan Justo Trinidad, a former gobernadorcillo of Sta. Ana, Manila and refugee of Spanish tyranny. IN FRANCE Paris - he frequented the Bibliotheque Nationale - working on his annotation of the Sucesos and finally finished and published it. Spent his spare hours in the houses of his friends like Juan Luna and wife Paz Pardo de Tavera. Witnessed the Universal Exposition of Paris, having its greatest attraction, Eiffel Tower. IN FRANCE Kidlat - a temporary social club, which he brought together Filipinos witnessing the exposition. Organized the Indios Bravos - an association which envisioned Filipinos being recognized for their admirable skills in many fields. Formed the mysterious Redencion de los Malayos - aimed to propagate useful knowledge IN BELGIUM January 28, 1890 - Rizal left Paris for Brussels with Jose Albert Stayed in a boarding house administered by the Jacoby sister (Suzanne and Marie) Rizal had a transitory affair with (another) Suzanne “Petite” - niece of his landladies. IN BELGIUM Rizal busied himself in writing the El Fili and contributing for La Solidaridad using the pen names: ○ Dimas Alang and ○ Laong Laan He heard of the news that the Calamba agrarian trouble was getting worse. ○ He decided to go home but ○ Paciano told him through letter that they lost the court against the Dominican in the Philippines and instead to bring the case in Madrid. ○ Rizal prompted to go to Madrid to look for a lawyer and influential people who would defend the Calamba tenants. IN MADRID August 1890 - Rizal travel to Madrid along with his lawyer, Marcelo H. Del Pilar Who tried to seek justice for his family but could not find any influential Spaniards who could help them. While in Madrid Rizal also met the Filipino student EDILBERTO EVANGELISTA who he counseled to take engineering in Belgium. ○ matriculated at the University of Ghent, finished civil engineering and architecture with highest honors ○ was offered by some European companies rewarding position but turned them down for wanting to serve his country instead IN MADRID While in Madrid Rizal encountered many adversities and tribulations. Heard that his family was forced to leave their land in Calamba and some family were even deported to far places Challenge Antonio Luna to a duel ○ when Luna being unsuccessful in seeking Nellie Boustead’s love, gave a negative comment on the lady. Rizals also dared to duel WENCESLAO RETANA ○ Writer from La Epoca, an anti-Filipino newspaper, who wrote that Rizal’s family was not paying its land rent Both duels were fortunately aborted ○ LUNA became Rizal’s good friend and ○ RETANA became Rizal’s eventual first non-Filipino biographer IN MADRID Rizal heard the news of Leonor Rivera’s marriage to Englishman HENRY KIPPING, who was the choice of Leonor’s mother. Del Pilar-Rizal rivalry for leadership in the “Asociacion Hispano Filipino” emerged. ○ The supposedly healthy election for leader produce an unpleasant split among the Filipinos in Madrid. Rizal decided to leave Madrid to prevent a more serious factions among Filipinos in Madrid IN BIARRITZ, PARIS AND BRUSSELS February 1891 - Rizal arrived at Biarritz, a tourist town in southwestern France, noted for its mild climate and sand beaches. ○ Welcomed as a family guest in the house of the Boustead ○ Nellie Boustead - whom he had a serious but failed romantic relationship IN BIARRITZ Rizal continued to work on his El Filibusterismo and on MARCH 29, 1891 he complete its manuscript, the eve of his departure for Paris. IN PARIS AND BRUSSELS Valentin Ventura - hosted his short stay in Paris April 1891 - Suzanne “petite” Jacobes cordially welcomed his arrival in Brussels Rizal revised and prepared for printing his 2nd novel until the end of May. June 1891 - he was already looking for a printing firm to print the El Filibusterismo IN GHENT July 1891 - Rizal went to Ghent ○ The cost of printing in the place was cheaper. ○ He lived in a low-cost boarding house were he had a roommate, JOSE ALEJANDRO, an engineering student in the University of Ghent. IN GHENT F. Meyer-Van Loo Press - publisher that agreed to print El Filibusterismo on an installment basis. Despite pawning all his jewels and living tighfistedly, Rizal ran out of funds. August 6, 1891 - the printing of El Filibusterismo had been suspended September 18, 1891 - through the salvific act of Valentin Ventura, El Filibusterismo came off the press. 2 weeks after, he visited Paris for the last time to bid goodbye to his friends and compatriots. IN HONG KONG October 1891- Rizal left Europe for Hong Kong on board the ship “Melbourne” ○ on which he began writing his 3rd but unfinished novel. It consist of 44 pages and preserved in the National Library, Manila November 20, 1891 - arrived Hong Kong ○ resided at No 5 D Aguilar St., Rednaxela Terrace. ○ Having escaped the friar’s prosecution, Don Francisco, Paciano and Silvestre Ubaldo also arrived in Hong Kong. ○ Short after, Dona teodora and children Lucia, Josefa and Trinidad also arrived ○ The rizal family had a family reunion in the Yultide season of 1891 IN HONG KONG Rizal opened a medical clinic Dr. Lorenzo P. Marques - a Portuguese friend who helped him to get many patrons of various nationalities The operation on his mother’s left eye was successful that her mother can read again. IN SANDAKAN March 1892 - Rizal went to Sandakan (East Malaysia) aboard “Menon” ○ To negotiate with British authorities concerning the founding of a Filipino colony in North Borneo (now called Sabah) March 21, 1892 - Rizal asked Gov. Gen. Eulogio Despujol through a letter to allow the landless Filipinos, especially the deported Calamba tenants to establish themselves in North Borneo April 1892 - Rizal was back in Hong Kong SECOND HOMECOMING  June 21, 1892 - Rizal left Hong Kong with his sister Lucia. ○ wanted to confer with Despujol concerning his North Borneo colonization project. ○ Without his knowledge, the Spanish consul in Hong Kong sent a cablegram to Despujol stating figuratively that “the rat is in the trap” ○ A secret case against Rizal was filed in Manila for anti-religious and anti-patriotic public campaign June 26, 1892 Noon: Rizal and Lucia arrived in Manila 7:00 PM : Rizal was able to confer in Malacanang with Despujol who agreed to pardon his father and told him to return on June 29. He visited his sisters and friends in Manila June 27, 1892 - Rizal took a train and visited his friend in Central Luzon. He had a stop over at the Bautista Mansion in Malolos, Bulacan Spent a night in the house of Evaristo Puno in Tarlac, Tarlac He also went to San Fernando and Bacolor, Pampanga June 28, 1892 (5PM)- Rizal returned to Manila June 29, 30 and July 3 - he had other interview with Despujol. Rizal’s colonization project was rejected, but his request to lift the exile of his sisters was granted. July 3 (Evening) - Rizal spearheaded a meeting explaining the aims of the civic association La Liga Filipina, in the house of Doroteo Ongjunco on Ylaya St. Tondo, Manila  Attendees of the La Liga meeting: ○ Andres Bonifacio ○ Apolinario Mabini and ○ at least 20 Filipinos Election was held and AMBROSIO SALVADOR , was elected as the President La Liga Filipina was officially established July 6, 1892 - 3 days after the meeting Rizal was arrested during his interview with the Governor-general. Despujol showed him anti-friar leaflets “Pobres Frailes” allegedly discovered in his sister Lucia’s pillow cases. Imprisoned in Fort Santiago for almost 10 days July 14 (12:30am) - Rizal was brought to the steamer “Cebu”. Passing through Mindoro and Panay July 17 (evening) - the vessel docked at Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte Political exile Rizal was handed over by ship captain Delgras to Spanish commandant Ricardo Carnicero this event signaled the start of Rizal’s life as a deportee.