Biography of Jose Rizal: Life, Works, and Legacy - PDF

Okay, here is the conversion of the pictures to markdown format. # Biography of Jose Rizal This document contains information on the life, writings, and legacies of José Rizal, a Filipino national hero. It covers various aspects of his life, his role in the Philippine independence movement, and th...

Okay, here is the conversion of the pictures to markdown format. # Biography of Jose Rizal This document contains information on the life, writings, and legacies of José Rizal, a Filipino national hero. It covers various aspects of his life, his role in the Philippine independence movement, and the social and historical context of the 19th-century Philippines. ## Key Points About Rizal - Rizal was a writer, author, poet, physician, painter, national hero, patriot, nationalist, educator and reformer. - The Rizal bill, mandating the study of Rizal's life and works, was controversial and opposed by some senators. - The Catholic Church was against the Rizal law. - Senator Claro M. Recto was the main proponent of the Rizal Bill. - Republic Act No. 229 prohibits cockfighting, horse racing, and jai-alai on Rizal Day. ## The Significance of Studying Rizal - The academic subject on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal was not mandated by law for nothing. - Studying Rizal helps in understanding how to deal with current problems. - "He who controls the past controls the future". - The Jose Rizal course, as a history subject, is full of historical information from which one could base his decisions in life. - It also helps Filipinos to better understand themselves. - It teaches on nationalism and patriotism. - It provides life lessons. ### Accomplishments of the Rizal Law 1. To rededicate the lives of youth to the ideals of freedom and nationalism. 2. To pay tribute to our national hero for devoting his life to shaping the Filipino character. 3. To inspire patriotism through the study of Rizal's life, works, and writings. ### Definitions of Nationalism and Patriotism - **Nationalism** involves the desire to attain freedom and political independence, especially from a foreign power. - **Patriotism** denotes proud devotion and loyalty to one's nation. ## Interesting Narratives Involving Rizal - Rizal was involved in a love triangle with Antonio Luna. - Rizal was a model in some of Juan Luna's paintings. - Rizal's common-law wife, Josephine Bracken, remarried and tutored former President Sergio Osmeña. - Leonor Rivera, Rizal's "true love," had a son who married the sister of Carlos P. Romulo. - The original manuscripts of Rizal's novels were once stolen but retrieved by Alejandro Roces. ## Family and Personal Life - Doña Teodora's family descended from Lakandula, the last native king of Tondo. - Lolay's great-grandfather was Eugenio Ursua (of Japanese descent) who married a Filipina named Benigna. - Saturnina Rizal was the eldest child. - Paciano Rizal was Jose's only brother and a general of the Philippine Revolution. ### Siblings | Name | Details | | ------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | | Narcisa Rizal | Third child, helped finance Rizal's studies. | | Olympia Rizal | Fourth child, teased by Jose. | | Lucia Rizal | Fifth child, married Mariano Herbosa. | | Maria Rizal | Sixth child, Jose confided in her about Josephine Bracken. | | Concepcion Rizal | Eighth child, died at age three, loved by Jose. | | Josefa Rizal | Ninth child, nicknamed "Panggoy," joined the Katipunan. | | Trinidad Rizal | Tenth child, custodian of Rizal's last poem. | | Soledad Rizal | Youngest child, a teacher, married Pantaleon Quintero | ## Surname and Early Education - Domingo Lamco, a Chinese merchant, adopted the name "Mercado." - Rizal's father, Francisco, adopted the surname "Rizal." - Rizal's mother was his first teacher, teaching him to read and pray. - He was later sent to a private school in Biñan under Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz. ## Childhood - Rizal's first memory was his happy days in the family garden. - His father built a nipa cottage for him to play in due to his weak health. - The story of the moth served as an allegory for his own destiny. - Learned wrestling from his Uncle Manuel. - Was the first to write an anti-bullying law, taking matters into his own hands. - Learned the alphabet and Catholic prayers at the age of three. - Learned to read and write by age five. ## Economic and Political Context - Our locals were already trading with China, Japan, Siam (now Thailand), India, Cambodia, Borneo, and the Moluccas (Spice Islands) from the 1500s. - Spanish administrators saw themselves as being in the right end of the stick because the way they saw it colonizing the Philippines was to uplift it. ### Galleon Trade - The Galleon Trade (1565-1815) - This trade was the central business for the Spanish - Through this trade, things like mango de manila, rice, and carabao went to Mexico - On return, it would take numerous flora and fauna ### Opening of the Suez Canal - An artificial waterway in Egypt. - With this sea travel between the philippines and europe shortened with 32-40 days - the waterway was a great advantage in terms of economy and the likes - it also expedited local trade with America ### The Tobacco Monopoly - This was perhaps the most controversial and was done to get more funds and such from the locals - The locals could only buy produce from them and they had no right to waste any, a severe violation of what should - Was done from 1781 or 1782, to 1881 and 1882 depending on who you ask. - The end of it prompted a wave of feelings. I hope this markdown conversion is helpful! Let me know if you have any other questions.