Roman Republic Notes 2024 PDF

Name: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Roman Republic Notes 2024 Directions: Please copy all of your notes in each box below. Be sure to pay attention as you are guided through...

Name: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Roman Republic Notes 2024 Directions: Please copy all of your notes in each box below. Be sure to pay attention as you are guided through the lessons. This is just a template that might make it easier for you. If you would like to do it another way, that is fine, as long as you copy what you need to in order to prepare for our next assessment. Geographical Features of Rome Built on seven hills Located off the Mediterranean Sea Fertile soil Near the Tiber River The Alps and Apennine Mountains protected the city. Romulus and Remus The boys were born to parents, Rhea and Mars. The twin’s uncle left them to drown in the Tiber River. Romulus and Remus were rescued and raised by a female wolf. The Twins killed their uncle. The brothers fought over which hill to build the city on Romulus killed Remus and created Rome. Use the following article when instructed to do so in class: "Romulus & Remus: The Legend of Rome" Etruscans They were the first known people to live in the Roman Italy area They had a monarchy( a government with one king as the ruler). They were known for the following: Strong army Clothing style(togas) Architecture(Streets, buildings, sewage systems). Religion(they were polytheistic and built temples for their gods).  Use the following article when instructed to do so in class: "Tarq's a Goner" Let's take a look at the article,Tarq's A Goner. Write the answers to the following questions: 1. What type of government did the Etruscans have? They had a monarchy. 2. How long did the Etruscans rule Italy? They ruled for 3 centuries. 3. What did the Romans do to King Tarq? They had expelled him from Rome. 4. Describe what happens in Rome after King Tarq. They bring the top men to rule for one year and one year only. *Search the internet for more information about the Etruscans. Write down at least 5 new facts that you learn! Be prepared to share with the class. Pompeii They would discover that we used to play video games and read books. They would also learn how we used to work and how we lived. Finally they would figure out what we ate. 79 CE Mount Vesuvius blew its top, spewing tons of molten ash, pumice and sulfuric gas miles into the atmosphere. The cities remained buried and undiscovered for almost 1700 years until excavation began in 1748. These excavations continue today and provide insight into life during the Roman empire. Roman Republic Romans didn’t want a government that relied on one leader. So they formed a new government called a republic. In a republic, leaders rule in the name of the people. Leaders are either elected or nominated. Social Class System of Rome: Patricians- wealthy upper class citizens of Rome Plebeians- ordinary citizens of Rome. Branches of the Roman Republic Directions: Use the History of Our World textbook pages 231-232, pages 236-238, and the article, “Tarq’s a Goner” to fill in information within the organizer below. If you are having trouble finding information on the “assembly” you can use this website to help you. *Some information is filled in for you. Part 1: Consuls Senate Assembly Praetors Total # in There were two There was Approx. 300 or Varied from branch: consuls. around 200 more time to time senates Term: They could only They could XXXXXXXX Typically 1 year serve for one serve until they year. die. Social Class: They are Plebeians Could be Patrician patrician. patrician or sometimes plebeian plebeians. Main Job: Advised the Elected They had to They had run Consuls and government serve as judges. the Assembly officials government. including judges. Make laws  Power to Veto Control the army. Other Government Job: Dictator Total # in branch: There was only one Term: They could serve for only six months. Main Job: They were there to handle an emergency. Part 2: Can you match each branch of the Roman Republic with the U.S. branches? Use this link to help you fill in the boxes below: https://www.usa.gov/branches-of-government Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch Who is in this branch The cabinet, Vice People in the People in the supreme in the US? President, and the Congress court President. Which Roman branch They were close to Senate and Assembly. Praetors. closely relates? Consuls Patricians v. Plebeians Patritians: They were the upper class Bought a lot of land from the plebeians and instead of hiring them to work on the farms, they hired slaves to do their jobs, so plebeians were out of work. Plebeians: The ordinary citizens Include lower and middle class people such as merchants, craftworks, farmers, etc. Plebeians refuse to fight in the army. Parritians then let them have more rights and more of a say in the government including being allowed in certain Republic branches. Laws of the Twelve Tables Patricians agreed to a written code that would give the plebeians more rights- The Laws of The Twelve Tables. It was hung in the marketplace. Julius Caesar Notes & Activity Julius Caesar Notes Consuls no longer respected each other’s veto. Civil war broke out Civil war- fighting between citizens of the same territory. Julius Caesar was an army general that conquered a lot of land for Rome including Gual, which is present day France Created an alliance with Pompey and Crassus Historians call this the First Triumvirate A triumvirate is a partnership of three equal rulers. Passed laws to help the poor Conquered lands in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Caesars ignored the Senate’s orders and crossed the Rubicon River into Rome with his army. Caesar returned to Rome, he was declared as “dictator” for life. In Egypt, Caesar meets Cleopatra. He gave her political advice. Found homes for 80,000 of his soldiers Built buildings and monuments throughout the city. The ideas of a month became known as a day that people would experience bad luck. On March 15, 44 BCE, Brutus betrayed Caesar, along with other senators who planned his assassination, and killed him. Civil war broke out for many years The Roman Republic lasted nearly 500 years. Part 1 DIRECTIONS: ❖ Click on the following article: The Life of Caesar ❖ Read the article and as you read, fill in this graphic organizer with bulleted information that you are finding as you read. The Life of Julius Caesar Family Life Alliances Jobs Accomplishments Downfall Had a Made He had the He had Julius daughter alliances power to captured a Caesar had named with make laws lot of land too much Julia Pompey and do while also power married to and whatever defeating A group of Pompey. Crassuas he wanted. Pompey Senates stabbed him to death. Part 2 DIRECTIONS: ❖ Click on this video link: The Life and Times of Julius Caesar Video ❖ Fill in the box below: WHAT TO TAKE NOTES ON FROM VIDEO (you do not have to get all of these, just try your best): ❏ Early Life  ❏ How Caesar gained control ❏ 2 Actions that were hurtful actions to Rome ❏ 2 Positive Reforms (changes) that helped Rome ❏ His death on March 15th ❏ Effects of his death INTERNET RESEARCH QUESTIONS: 1) Caesar defeated Gaul. What country is modern day Gaul? It is France 2) What is SPQR? It was seen many times in the video. SPQR stands for Senatus PopulusQue Romanus. 3) Veni, Vedi, Vici was a quote by Caesar. What did it mean? This means I came, I saw, I won. Part 3 DIRECTIONS: ❖ Julius Caesar is considered to have a complicated legacy. Some historians view him as an evil dictator who took power by force and had total control of the government. Others saw him as a great reformer who worked to change and improve Roman society. ❖ As you read the secondary source below, highlight (in green) any evidence that portrays Caesar as a great reformer. Highlight (in red) any evidence that portrays him as an evil dictator. Julius Caesar Biography (adapted from BBC History) Introduction: Caesar was a politician and general of the late Roman Republic, who greatly extended the Roman empire before seizing power and making himself dictator of Rome, paving the way for the imperial system. Julius Caesar was born in Rome in 12 or 13 July 100 B.C.E. in the prestigious Julian clan. His family was closely connected with the Marian faction in Roman politics. Caesar himself progressed within the Roman political system, becoming in succession quaestor (69), aedile (65) and praetor (62). In 60-61 B.C.E. he served as governor of the Roman province of Spain. Back in Rome in 60, Caesar made a pact with Pompey and Crassus, who helped him to get elected as consuls in 59 B.C.E. The following year he was appointed governor of Roman Gaul where he stayed for eight years, adding the whole of modern France and Belgium to the Roman empire, and making Rome safe from the possibility of Gallic invasions. He made two expeditions to Britain in 55 B.C.E. and 54 B.C.E. Caesar then returned to Italy, disregarding the authority of the senate and famously crossing the Rubicon river without disbanding his army. In the ensuing civil war Caesar defeated the republican forces. Pompey, their leader, fled to Egypt where he was assassinated. Caesar followed him and became romantically involved with the Egyptian queen, Cleopatra. Caesar was now master of Rome and made himself consul and dictator. He used his power to carry out much needed reform, relieving debt, enlarging the senate, building the Forum Iulium and revising the calendar. Dictatorship was always regarded as a temporary position but in 44 B.C.E., Caesar took it for life. His success and ambition alienated strongly republican senators. A group of these, led by Cassius and Brutus, assassinated Caesar on the Ides of 44 B.C.E. This sparked the final round of civil wars that ended the Republic and brought about the elevation of Caesar’s great nephew and designated heir, Octavian, as Augustus, the first emperor. Finished Early during any point in our lessons? Click on the following and complete in your notes section. You will not be able to edit this, so put it in this doc instead. Rome Virtual Tour