Understanding Bipolar Disorders PDF

UNDERSTANDING BIPOLAR DISORDERS: D BIPOLAR DISORDER I BIPOLAR DISORDER II CYCLOTHYMIA  Clinical picture of mania Emotional symptoms – Extremely elevated and/or irritable mood Motivational symptoms – Want excitemen...

UNDERSTANDING BIPOLAR DISORDERS: D BIPOLAR DISORDER I BIPOLAR DISORDER II CYCLOTHYMIA  Clinical picture of mania Emotional symptoms – Extremely elevated and/or irritable mood Motivational symptoms – Want excitement Behavioral symptoms – Talkative, pressured speech, high activity, risky beh. Cognitive symptoms – Can be psychotic, inflated self-esteem (grandiosity), racing thoughts, distractible, poor judgment Somatic symptoms – Decreased need for sleep; have high energy  Diagnostic Criteria: Manic Episode Abnormally elevated mood, for at least 1 week Abnormally increased activity or energy, 1 week Plus 3 or more of: – Grandiosity, inflated self-esteem – Decreased sleep need – Talkative, pressured speech – Racing thoughts, flight of ideas – Distractible – Psychomotor agitation or increased activity – Risky behaviors  Bipolar Disorders Bipolar Disorder I: mania (& usually have depressive symptoms, often major depression) Bipolar Disorder II: hypomania + major depressive episodes Cyclothymia: hypomanic symptoms + depressive symptoms, NOT major depression, for at least 2 years Struggles with Bipolar Disorder “I’m diagnosed bipolar 2 and it’s been pretty hard to keep it together and release these songs. I’ve been on meds and I was in full swing hypomania…. I’ve been in intensive outpatient therapy/ individual therapy 4 days a week and it’s definitely been difficult to balance… I don’t really talk about it much, but it affects me daily and is a pretty big part of my music.”” – Chapell Roan  The Bipolar Disorders Can cause many problems in life – Examples of Artie Houston, Joanne Passans, and Jim Springer in Four Lives video Examples from the book, An Unquiet Mind  Understanding Bipolar Disorder: What have you learned from this expert who has bipolar disorder I?  An Unquiet Mind: Some questions to consider -- What issues has bipolar disorder caused in the author’s life? How bad has it gotten? -- How did the author feel about taking lithium as a treatment? Why? -- How did others in her life react to her diagnosis and treatment? -- What helped her? What hurt her? -- Should an individual with a major psychological disorder like bipolar disorder be permitted to practice psychology?  “I Miss the Mountains” from the musical Next to Normal https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=rmJo3tWvmb0 OR https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=0PjUGrkMOGU  Causes of Bipolar Disorder Genetics (MZ’s: 40-70%; DZ’s: 5-10%) (is 1 - 2.5% in the general population) Brain abnormalities shown in brain imaging: – Variety of brain areas implicated, including: smaller hippocampus, basal ganglia, & cerebellum. Neurotransmitters: – Norepinephrine, serotonin, glutamate, dopamine? Irregularities in neuronal transport of ions (Ions help transmit messages within a neuron.)  Treatments of Bipolar Disorder Lithium: > 60% with mania improve & have fewer new episodes of mania. Anti-seizure medications (e.g., Tegretol, Depakote) Atypical anti-psychotics (e.g., Zyprexa, Abilify, Seroquel, Risperdal) These mood stabilizing medications may be: – Affecting a neuron’s secondary messengers (send messages within the neuron) – Increasing production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that prevents cell death – Improving communication bet brain structures (have found that lithium ↑ hippocampus size & gray matter) Treatments of Bipolar Disorder, cont. Psychotherapy Antidepressant medications