Dairy SAQ's Q^0A.docx

What role does the refrigerated capacity play in the dairy industry? ANSWER: It ensures product safety and quality, enabling the sale of fresh milk. What is the ideal weight range for an animal at mating? ANSWER: 300-350 kg At what age should an animal ideally reach puberty for mating purposes?...

What role does the refrigerated capacity play in the dairy industry? ANSWER: It ensures product safety and quality, enabling the sale of fresh milk. What is the ideal weight range for an animal at mating? ANSWER: 300-350 kg At what age should an animal ideally reach puberty for mating purposes? ANSWER: 15 months What temperament is preferred for easier management of livestock? ANSWER: Docile Why is good udder health important in livestock? ANSWER: It ensures proper milk production and reduces health risks. What role does good body conformation play in livestock? ANSWER: It contributes to overall health and productivity. Why is good foot health significant in animals? ANSWER: It prevents lameness and ensures mobility. What is the importance of colostrum in a calf\'s early life? ANSWER: Colostrum provides essential immunoglobulins and higher protein content, which are crucial for the calf\'s immune system. At what point is a calf introduced to transition feeds and why? ANSWER: A calf is gradually introduced to transition feeds around 3-4 weeks to develop their rumen microflora. How does the housing of calves affect their health and development? ANSWER: Proper housing protects calves from environmental stressors and diseases, which is vital for their growth and health. What are the characteristics of Milk Replacer in calf feeding? ANSWER: Milk Replacer is a powdered milk formula mixed with warm water, used after the initial feeding of colostrum and fresh milk. Describe the \'3-2-1 Rule\' in relation to calf feeding. ANSWER: The \'3-2-1 Rule\' signifies that calves should receive 3 quarts of colostrum within 2 hours of birth, and then transition to other feeds. What factors indicate when older cows should be culled? ANSWER: Older cows are culled based on declining milk yield, health issues, or aging, requiring replacement by younger heifers. Explain the term \'grading up\' in dairy herds. ANSWER: Grading up refers to improving the genetic quality of the herd by replacing lower yielding cows with higher yielding heifers. What role does Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) play in calf management? ANSWER: BVD is a viral infection that necessitates the identification and culling of affected animals to prevent spread in the herd. What is the target Body Condition Score (BCS) for heifers at mating? ANSWER: 3.25 What is the target weight range for heifers to reach by mating? ANSWER: 300-330 kg What daily live weight gain (LWG) should replacement heifers achieve? ANSWER: 0.6-0.7 kg At what age should a heifer weigh approximately 370 kg? ANSWER: 15 months What essential dietary components should be provided ad lib for heifers? ANSWER: Grass and silage with 75% DMD What is the approximate weight of a replacement heifer at 12 months? ANSWER: 308 kg What percentage of mature weight should a heifer ideally reach by 24 months? ANSWER: 90% What is the significance of the Economic Breeding Index (EBI) in bull selection? ANSWER: It evaluates the profitability of breeding choices. Why is monitoring the growth rate of replacement heifers critical? ANSWER: To ensure they reach maturity and reproductive readiness in time. At what age should replacement heifers be placed in calf? ANSWER: 15 months