Cytology Unit Part I PDF
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This document provides an overview of cytology, focusing on cells. It covers the basic concept of cells as the fundamental unit of life and the processes that occur within cells, such as nutrition, digestion, secretion, absorption, respiration, biosynthesis, response, and reproduction. The document showcases various cell types including blood, muscle, and skin cells. It details the cell theory and the scientists who contributed to its development. The sections discuss prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as different organelles and their roles.
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Cytology Unit Part I Cells - What Are They? 1. Basic unit of LIFE The Cell Theory 1. All living things are composed of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. The People Behind The Cells 1. Redi - disproved the theory of spontaneous...
Cytology Unit Part I Cells - What Are They? 1. Basic unit of LIFE The Cell Theory 1. All living things are composed of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. The People Behind The Cells 1. Redi - disproved the theory of spontaneous generation. He said life could NOT spontaneously generate from nothing. Ex: Flies and Maggots 2. Pasteur - proposed the germ theory 3. Schleiden - all PLANTS are made of cells. 4. Schwann - all ANIMALS are made of cells 5. Virchow - all cells come from pre-existing cells. ADD - Hooke - coined the term “cell” The Structure of a Cell Dictates its Function Blood Cells - round (larger SA), carries 02(from lungs) to the body and CO2(back to the lungs) away from body Muscle Cells - long and striped, stabilize and move body parts Skin Cells - layered, provides protection and barrier against outside environment Directions: As you watch the video, pay attention to the similarities and difference between the two types of cells. Prokaryote Both Eukaryote Simple DNA Complex Small Ribosomes Larger No Nucleus Cell Membrane Nucleus Unicellular (one cell) Multi-cellular (many No organelles Cytoplasm cells) Example: Bacteria and Example: Human, Archaea Plants, Fungi Prokaryote Eukaryotes Cell Organelles Cells are made of tiny structures called organelles (means “little organ”) Directions: Using the organelle chart in your notes, you will collect the organelle name and what type of cell(s) each one is found in by visiting the different organelle stations in the hallway. Cell Organelle Review Video Eukaryote Prokaryote Cell Processes 1. Nutrition Taking substances into the body and cells Organelles Responsible: Cell membrane and vesicle 2. Digestion Breaking down of all foods and substances that enter our bodies! Organelles Responsible: Lysosome 3. Excretion Removal of waste materials from cells Organelles Responsible: Lysosome and Cell membrane 4. Secretion Releasing of chemical substances that influence other cell activities Organelles Responsible All organelles 5. Absorption When cells take in nutrients and water molecules from their surrounding environment Organelles Responsible: Cell membrane and vesicle 6. Respiration Process in which cells break down molecules of food to release energy Organelles Responsible: Mitochondria 7. Biosynthesis The “breaking down” of old cell parts to make new cell parts Organelles Responsible: Lysosome 8. Response A reaction to a stimulus Organelles Responsible: All organelles 9. Reproduction The division of the cells (mitosis and meiosis) Organelles Responsible: Nucleus and Centrioles
